PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW OR CONFLICT OF LAWS, WHAT

GIVES?

ATENEO LAW SCHOOL

Louie T. Ogsimer
Second Semester, SY 2020/2021
Wednesday, 12-2 p.m.

I. Introduction

A. What is Private International Law (Definition, Nature and Scope)? How is it

distinguished from Public International Law?

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 3-18.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 1-14.

B. History

Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides, pages
2-18.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 15-32.

II. Sources of Private International Law

• Codes, Statutes, Constitution

• Treaties and International Conventions

• Treatises, Commentaries and Studies of Law Societies/Associations

• Judicial Decisions

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 33-43.

Page 1
III. Jurisdiction

A. Traditional Concepts of Jurisdiction under English/American Common Law

• In Rem
• In Personam
• Quasi In Rem

Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides,

pages 295-305.

B. Jurisdiction Under Philippine Law

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 44-56.

• Over the Subject Matter

BP 129 as amended

• Over the Person

Rule 14, Rules of Court, as amended

SC Administrative Order No. 251-2020, Guidelines on the Implementation in the

Philippines of the Hague Service Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial
Documents in Civil and Commercial Matters, 11 September 2020

Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil

or Commercial Matters, 15 November 1965

• Over the Thing

Section 17, Rule 14, Rules of Court, as amended

Pennoyer v. Neff, 95 U.S. 714, 24 L.Ed. 565, (1878).

International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 66 S.Ct. 154, 90 L.Ed. 95
(1945).
Perkins v. Benguet Consolidated Mining Co. 342 U.S. 437, 72 S.Ct. 413, 96 L.Ed.
485 (1952).
Shaffer v. Heitner, 433 U.S. 186, 97 S.Ct. 2569, 53 L.Ed.2d 683 (1977).

Page 2
IV. Classification/Characterization

A. Meaning of Classification or Characterization

B. Classification of the Cause of Action

• e.g. Articles 14, 15, 16 and 17, Civil Code of the Philippines

C. Classification of the Rule of Law

• Substantive v. Procedural

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett, pages
41-50.

Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides, pages
120 - 137.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 135 - 152.

Gibbs v. Government of the Philippine Islands, 59 Phil. 293 (1933).

Griffith v. United Air Lines, Inc., 416 pa. 1, 203 A.2d 796 (1964).

D. The Incidental Question

• Dépeçage

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 51-55.

V. Choice of Forum

• Principle of Forum Non Conveniens

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 56 - 63.

Page 3
 Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides,
pages 492 - 502.

• Application of Internal or Domestic Law

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 63 - 66.

Cases:

Sweet Lines, Inc. v. Teves, et al., G.R. No. L-37750 (19 May 1978)

HSBC v. Jack Robert Sherman, et al., G.R. No. 72494 (11 August 1989)

Gulf Oil Corporation vs. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501 (1947)

K.K. Shell Sekiyu Osaka Hatsubaisho and Fu Hing Oil Co., Ltd. v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
Nos. 90306-07 (30 July 1990)

Communications Materials and Design v. Court of Appeals, 260 SCRA 673 (22 August
1996)

First Philippine International Bank v. Court of Appeals, 252 SCRA 259 (1996)

Manila Hotel Corp v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120077 (13 October 2000)

Pacific Consultants v. Schonfeld, G.R. No. 166920 (19 February 2007)

VI. Choice of Law

A. Different Theories or Approaches to Choice of Law

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 20 – 37.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 67 - 95.

B. Substance and Procedure

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 75 – 80.

Page 4
 Bellis v. Bellis, G.R. No. L-23678 (6 June 1967)
Tayag Renato vs. Benguet Consolidated, Inc., G.R. No. 23145 (29 November 1968)
Pakistan International Airlines vs. Ople, 190 SCRA 1990, G.R. No. 61594 (28 September
1990)
Zalamea vs. Court of Appeals and Transworld Airlines, Inc., G.R. No. 104235 (18
November 1993)
United Airlines Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 124110 (20 April 2001)
Cadalin vs. POEA Administrator, 238 SCRA 721, 774-775 (1994)
Asiavest Merchant Bankers vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 110263 (20 July 2001)
Garcia vs. Recio, G.R. No. 138322 (2 October 2001)
Corpuz v. Sto. Tomas, G.R. No. 186751 (11 August 2010)
Raytheon International v. Rouzie, G.R. No. 162894 (26 February 2008)

C. Renvoi

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 57 – 73.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 217 – 237.

Aznar v. Christensen-Garcia, G.R. No. L-16749 (31 January 1963)

VII. Foreign Law

A. Proof of Foreign Law

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 111 – 119.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 96 – 109.

Sy Joc Lieng v. Sy Quia, 16 Phil 137 (1910)

In re Estate of Johnson, 39 Phil. 156 (1918)
Fluemer v. Hix, 54 Phil. 610 (1930)
Williamette v. Muzzal, 61 Phil. 471 (1935)
CIR v. Fisher, G.R. Nos. L-11622 (28 January 1961)
Pardo v. Republic, 85 Phil. 323 (1950)
Philippine Commercial and Industrial Bank v. Escolin, 56 SCRA 266 (1974)
Zalamea vs. Court of Appeals and Transworld Airlines, supra
Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co. v. Guerrero, G.R. No. 136804 (19 February 2003)
Crescent Problem v. M/V “Lok Maheshwari”, G.R. No. 155014 (11 November 2005)
EDI-Staff Builders International Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 145587 (26 October 2007)

B. Exclusion of Foreign Law/Exceptions to Application of Foreign Law

Page 5
 Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 110 – 134.

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 121 – 151.

Dacanay v. Florendo, R.R. No. L-2071 (19 September 1950)

Yao Kee, et al. v. Sy-Gonzales, G.R. No. L-55960 (24 November 1988)
Bank of America v. American Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 133876 (29 December 1999)
Philippine Export and Foreign Loan Guarantee Corporation v. V.P. Eusebio
Construction, Inc. G.R. No. 140047 (13 July 2004)

VIII. Common Areas of Conflict

A. Obligations and Contracts

Articles 14, 15, 16, 17, Civil Code

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 336 – 385.

Private International Law (Fourteenth Edition), Chesire, North & Fawcett,

pages 665 – 667.

Molina v. dela Riva, 6 Phil. 12 (1906)

Insular Government v. Frank, 13 Phil. 236 (1909)
Ibanez v. Hongkong & Shanghai Bank, 30 Phil. 228 (1915)
Companie de Commerce v. Hamburg-Amerika, 36 Phil. 590 (1917)
King Mau Wu v. SyCip, 94 Phil. 784 (1954)
Shewaram v. Philippine Airlines, 17 SCRA 606 (1966)
Ong Yiu v. CA, 91 SCRA 223 (1979)
Pan American World Airways v. IAC, 164 SCRA 268 (1988)
Pakistan International Airlines v. Ople, 190 SCRA 90 (1990)
Triple Eight Integrated Services v. NLRC, G.R. No. 129584 (3 December 1998)

B. Family Law

1. Marriage

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 255 – 275.

2. Legal Consequences of Marriage

Page 6
 Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 305 – 318.

Articles 10, 21, 26, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 80, Family Code.

C. Property

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 474 – 502.

Laurel v. Garcia, G.R. No. 92013 (25 July 1990)

Holy See v. Rosario, G.R. No. G.R. No. 101949 (December 1, 1994)
Salvacion v. Central Bank, G.R. No. 94723 (21 August 1997)

E. Torts and Crimes

Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides, pages
711 – 726 and 759 – 770.

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 388 – 425.

In re Estate of Ferdinand Marcos, 1994 U.S. App. Lexis 14796 (9th Circ., 16 June 1994)
Trajano v. Marcos, 113 S. Ct. 2959 (1993)
Saudi Arabian Airlines v. CA, G.R. No. 122191 (8 October 1998)

Act of State Doctrine

Republic v. Marcos, 862 F.2d 1355, 1361 (9th Cir. 1988) (en banc), cert. denied, 490 U.S.
1035, 109 S.Ct. 1933, 104 L.Ed.2d 404 (1989)
Presidential Commission on Good Government v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 124772 (14
August 2007).

F. Citizenship, Persons and Family Relations

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 153 – 172.

Article IV, Section 1 to 5, 1987 Philippine Constitution

Republic Act No. 9225, Retention and Reacquisition of Citizenship Act (2003)

Page 7
IX. Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments and Foreign Arbitral Awards

Private International Law (1995 Edition), Jovito Salonga, pages 535 - 560.

Conflict of Laws (Fourth Edition), Scoles, Hay, Borchers, & Symeonides,

pages 1258 – 1272.

1958 Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral

Awards

Republic Act No. 9285, The Alternative Dispute Resolution Act of 2004, Sections
19, 20, 22, 42, 43, 44, and 45.

UNCITRAL Model Law, Articles 34, 35 and 36.

Sulamérica Cia Nacional de Seguros SA and others v Enesa Engelharia SA and others,
[2013] 1 WLR 102
Enka Insaat Ve Sanayi A.S. v. OOO Insurance Company Chubb, [2020] UKSC 38
Korea Technologies Co. Ltd. v. Lerma, 542 SCRA 1 (7 January 2008)
Koppel, Inc. v. Rotary Club Foundation, Inc., 705 SCRA 142, (4 September 2013)
Tuna Processing, Inc. v. Philippine Kingford, Inc., G.R. No. 185582 (29 February 2012)
Mabuhay Holdings Corporation v. Sembcorp Logistics Limited, G.R. No. 212734,
5 December 2018

Page 8