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Introduction of Project Management

The document discusses project management and defines key terms. It outlines that project management is a structured approach that requires planning and control techniques. It also discusses that projects today are complex, so the ability to plan and control projects is critical for organizational success.

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TSULIS IQ'BAL KHAIRUL AMAR
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228 views25 pages

Introduction of Project Management

The document discusses project management and defines key terms. It outlines that project management is a structured approach that requires planning and control techniques. It also discusses that projects today are complex, so the ability to plan and control projects is critical for organizational success.

Uploaded by

TSULIS IQ'BAL KHAIRUL AMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

PM = Structured approach
2. Outline planning and control techniques
• Software
• PMBOK
3. Projects today are more complex - therefore
the ability to plan and control projects has
become critical to an organization's success
4. Requires a toolkit:
• PC; Org charts; WBS; Bar charts; Histograms;
Cash flow; Etc.
5. PM = Single point of responsibility
Definitions:
❑ PMI - 'a temporary endeavour undertaken to
create a unique product or service. Temporary
means that every project has a definite end.
Unique means that the product or service is
different in some distinguishing way from all similar
products or services'

❑ Turner - 'an endeavour in which human, or


machine, material, and financial resources are
organised in a novel way, to undertake a unique
scope of work, of given specification, within
constraints of cost and time, so as to deliver
beneficial change defined by quantitative and
qualitative methods'
❑ Burke - 'a beneficial change which uses the special
project management techniques to plan and
control the scope of work in order to deliver a
product to satisfy the client's and stakeholder's
needs and expectations'
-Start and finish
-Life cycle
-Budget
-Non-repetitive (unique tasks)
-Resources from various allocations
-Single point of responsibility
-Team roles & relationships
Project management is
“the application of knowledge, skills,
tools, and techniques to project
activities to meet the project
requirements” (PMBOK Guide)
❑ Make a project happen!
❑ Needs and expectations invariably
involve balancing:
-scope
-time
-cost
-quality
-stakeholders’ requirements
❑Every project is constrained in different
ways by its
➢Scope goals

➢Time goals

➢Cost goals

❑It is the project manager’s duty to


balance these three often competing
goals
❑Phases of the project
➢ Called project life cycle
➢ Consists of (amongst others): WBS, CPM, Resource
leveling, Earned value, Configuration control
❑Fundamental to:

➢ Establish who the stakeholders are


➢ Analyze their needs and expectations
➢ Define the project scope
➢ Define the project objectives
❑ Management-by-projects
-More organisations are achieving goals
through project orientated management
-The approach encourages:
➢ organisational flexibility
➢ decentralised management
responsibility
➢ an holistic view of problems
➢ goal-orientated problem solution
processes
❑General management
-The successful project manager must be
a good general manager
-Skills: leadership, communication, team
building
-Support skills
❑Technical management
-Technical aspects must also be managed
in order for a project to be successful
❑The environment influences the project and the
management thereof
❑Projects don't take place in a vacuum

❑Projects affect/are affected by:

➢stakeholders

➢clients

➢organizational structure

➢market requirements

➢market structure

➢competitors

➢technology

➢rules and regulations

➢economy
❑ Knowledge areas describe the key competencies
that project managers must develop
➢4 core knowledge areas lead to specific project
objectives (scope, schedule, cost, and quality)
➢5 facilitating knowledge areas are the means
through which the project objectives are achieved
(resources, communications, risk, procurement and
stakeholder management)
➢1 knowledge area (project integration
management) affects and is affected by all of the
other knowledge areas
Ten key areas:
➢ Project Integration
➢ Project Scope Management
➢ Project Schedule Management
➢ Project Cost Management
➢ Project Quality Management
➢ Project Resources Management
➢ Project Communications Management
➢ Project Risk Management
➢ Project Procurement Management
➢ Project Stakeholder Management
❑Scope
➢Schedule

➢Cost

➢Quality

❑Means of achieving the deliverable objectives:

➢Integration

➢Human Resource

➢Communication

➢Risk

➢Procurement
❑Enables the development of work standards and procedures
which are specific to the project
❑Estimating

-Forms basis of the project plan


-If you cannot estimate and measure it, then how can you
manage it?
-Current project performance = estimate for future projects
-Project data must be collected for future estimation
purposes
❑Data capture

-Accurate data is paramount to the success of the project


❑Integration

-Co-ordinates all resources


❑Response Time
-Performance feedback that is timely is vital for effective project
control
-Frequency is addressed to meet the demands and requirements of
the project
❑Trends

-projects are best measured through determining the trends of:


Time; Cost; Performance
❑Reporting Interfaces

- Project reporting : WBS


-Corporate reporting : OBS
❑Client

-Project manager is the client's single point of contact


-Provides all info pertaining to the project
❑ The selection of the project manager is key to the success
of the project
❑Outlined in the project charter

❑Some roles:

➢leadership,

➢operational flexibility

➢ability to ; anticipate problems; integrate project


stakeholders; get things done; negotiate and persuade;
review, monitor and control; manage within an
environment of constant change; keep the client happy
❑understand the environment within which the project is
being managed
❑Stakeholders are the people involved in or
affected by project activities
❑Stakeholders include

➢the project sponsor and project team

➢support staff

➢customers

➢users

➢suppliers

➢opponents to the project


❑Project management tools and techniques
assist project managers and their teams in
various aspects of project management
❑Some specific ones include
➢Project Charter and WBS (scope)
➢Gantt charts, PERT charts, critical path
analysis (time)
➢Cost estimates and Earned Value Analysis
(cost)
➢Agile and Scrum
❑ Bosses, customers, and other stakeholders do not
like surprises
❑Good project management (PM) provides

assurance and reduces risk


❑PM provides the tools and environment to plan,
monitor, track, and manage schedules, resources,
costs, and quality
❑PM provides a history or metrics base for future

planning as well as good documentation


❑Project members learn and grow by working in a

cross-functional team environment


❑Much of the knowledge needed to manage
projects is unique to PM
❑However, project managers must also have

knowledge and experience in


➢general management

➢the application area of the project

❑Project managers must focus on meeting specific

project objectives
Source: Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® guide).
2017, Project Management Institute Project Management Institute (PMI)

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