BUILD YOUR FIRST OPENSTACK
APPLICATION
WITH OPENSTACK PYTHONSDK
VICTORIA MARTINEZ DE LA
CRUZ
SOFTWARE ENGINEER AT RED HAT
CO-FOUNDER LINUXCHIX ARGENTINA
WHAT IS OPENSTACK?
BRIEF OVERVIEW
OPENSTACK OVERVIEW
IAAS... AND MORE!
+
RUNNING APPS ON OPENSTACK
HOW IT WAS... A FEW YEARS BACK
OSD GRACE HOPPER CELEBRATION 2014
OSD GRACE HOPPER CELEBRATION 2014
Leveraging OpenStack scalability and resiliency in times of
need and disaster
Defining a cloud-ready architecture for an standard
application
Deploying the application in no-time by just running an script
IN PREPARATION FOR OSD GHC 2014
Architecture the app to be cloud-ready → 2 webservers + 1 db +
1 load balancer
Webserver
DB LB
Webserver
IN PREPARATION FOR OSD GHC 2014
Talk with an OpenStack cloud using python-*client
OPENSTACK PYTHON NOVA CLIENT
# List servers in Nova
from novaclient.v1_1 import client
conn = client.Client(user, password,
project, auth_url)
from server in conn.servers.list():
print(server.name)
OPENSTACK PYTHON GLANCE CLIENT
# List images in Glance
from glanceclient.v2 import client
conn = client.Client(auth_url, token)
from image in conn.images.list():
print(image["name"])
OPENSTACK PYTHON SWIFT CLIENT
# List containers in Swift
from swiftclient import client
conn = client.Client(auth_url, user, key,
tenant_name,
auth_version)
header, containers = conn.getaccount()
from container in containers:
print(container["name"])
OPENSTACK LIBRARIES & SDKS
COMMUNITY TOOLS FOR CLOUD DEVS
WHY?
There is no way to just talk to an OpenStack cloud
Lots of services. One lib per service, one ux per lib
Lots of libs * lots of ux == sad cloud dev
APACHE LIBCLOUD
Unified API
Talking to different clouds (lots of plugins!)
Third party
APACHE LIBCLOUD
from libcloud.compute.types import Provider
from libcloud.compute.providers import get_driver
import libcloud.security
libcloud.security.VERIFY_SSL_CERT = False
OpenStack = get_driver(Provider.OPENSTACK)
driver = OpenStack('your username', 'your password',
ex_force_auth_url='https://nova-api.trystack.org:5443',
ex_force_auth_version='2.0_password')
nodes = driver.list_nodes()
images = driver.list_images()
sizes = driver.list_sizes()
size = [s for s in sizes if s.ram == 512][0]
image = [i for i in images if i.name == 'natty-server-cloudimg-amd64'][0]
node = driver.create_node(name='test node', image=image, size=size)
OPENSTACK SHADE
Simplicity
OpenStack Infra subproject
Under development, it is expected to change
OPENSTACK SHADE
import shade
# Initialize and turn on debug logging
shade.simple_logging(debug=True)
# Initialize cloud
# Cloud configs are read with os-client-config
cloud = shade.openstack_cloud(cloud='epcloud')
# Upload an image to the cloud
image = cloud.create_image(
'fedora24', filename='fedora24.qcow2', wait=True)
# Find a flavor with at least 512M of RAM
flavor = cloud.get_flavor_by_ram(512)
# Boot a server, wait for it to boot, and then do whatever is needed
# to get a public ip for it.
cloud.create_server(
'my-server', image=image, flavor=flavor, wait=True, auto_ip=True)
OPENSTACK PYTHONSDK
Complete set of libraries, tools, documentation and examples
Aimed at all types of users
Users of OpenStack clouds (probably YOU!)
Operators of OpenStack clouds
Developers of OpenStack projects
Install once, run anywhere
OPENSTACK PYTHONSDK
THE COMMUNITY PYTHONSDK FOR CLOUD
DEVS
PYTHON OPENSTACKSDK
Write Python automation scripts that create and manage
resources in your OpenStack cloud
$ pip install openstacksdk
PYTHON OPENSTACKSDK
Connection
Application developer consuming an
OpenStack cloud
Connection Maintains your session, authentication,
transport, and profile
Resource Resource
OpenStack developer requiring finer-grained
control
SOME SNIPPETS
Establishing a connection with the cloud
from openstack import connection
# Connect
def create_connection():
conn = connection.Connection(auth_url=AUTH_URL,
project_name=TENANT_NAME,
username=USER_NAME,
password=USER_PASS)
return conn
SOME SNIPPETS
Creating a server
from openstack import connection
def create_server(conn):
print("Create Server:")
image = conn.compute.find_image(IMAGE_NAME)
flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor(FLAVOR_NAME)
network = conn.network.find_network(NETWORK_NAME)
keypair = create_keypair(conn)
server = conn.compute.create_server(
name=SERVER_NAME, image_id=image.id, flavor_id=flavor.id,
key_name=keypair.name, user_data=CLOUD_INIT)
server = conn.compute.wait_for_server(server)
SOME SNIPPETS
Creating a keypair
import os
from openstack import connection
def create_keypair(conn):
keypair = conn.compute.find_keypair(KEYPAIR_NAME)
if not keypair:
print("Create Key Pair:")
keypair = conn.compute.create_keypair(name=KEYPAIR_NAME)
try:
os.mkdir(SSH_DIR)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
raise e
with open(PRIVATE_KEYPAIR_FILE, 'w') as f:
f.write("%s" % keypair.private_key)
os.chmod(PRIVATE_KEYPAIR_FILE, 0o400)
return keypair
MAKING YOUR APP CLOUD-
READY
SOME GROUND RULES
CLOUD READY & CLOUD CENTRIC
Common classification
Cloud ready: Effectively deployed into either a public or
private cloud
Cloud centric: Built using different tools and runtimes than
traditional applications.
DYNAMIC APPLICATION TOPOLOGY
If the topology can change, it will change
Deploy your application to be as generic and stateless as
possible. This will allow to:
Selectively scale individual components
Simplify maintenance and reuse
Fault tolerance
E.g. Don't hardcore information about networking, delegate it
to the networking service
EPHEMERAL STORAGE
Don't assume the local file system is permanent
Use a remote storage for non-static data
Cache
Logs
E.g. You can use the block storage service volumes to store
data
STATELESS
Statefulness of any sort limits the scalability of an application
Remove or, if needed, store the session state in a HA store
external to your app server (cache or database)
E.g. You can use the databases service to spin up a DB
instance
STANDARDS
Use standards-based services and APIs for portability to cloud
environments
Avoid using obscure protocols
Don't rely on OS-specific features
AUTOMATION
Cloud apps need to be installed frequently and on-demand
Automate configuration setup
Minimize the dependencies required by the application
installation
THX!
[email protected] vkmc at Twitter
Q&A
vkmc at irc.freenode.org
OpenStack cloud native deployment for
application developers
D. Flanders
Thursday, 2pm at Room E
OpenStack Open Space
Wednesday, TBD
USEFUL RESOURCES
http://developer.openstack.org/firstapp-libcloud/
http://developer.openstack.org/sdks/python/
http://docs.openstack.org/user-guide/sdk_overview.html
