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Evac of Casualties Without Equipment

This document outlines emergency methods for evacuating casualties without equipment. It describes carrying techniques that can be used depending on factors like injury severity, casualty weight, and available rescuers. General surface techniques include the fireman's lift, cradle carry, and fore/aft carries. Confined space techniques include the forward drag, cross-chest method, collar pull, and leg pull. Safety precautions like using protective gear and working in pairs are also discussed. The goal is to quickly evacuate casualties while preventing further injury to rescuers or casualties.

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JOKO LELUR
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
207 views20 pages

Evac of Casualties Without Equipment

This document outlines emergency methods for evacuating casualties without equipment. It describes carrying techniques that can be used depending on factors like injury severity, casualty weight, and available rescuers. General surface techniques include the fireman's lift, cradle carry, and fore/aft carries. Confined space techniques include the forward drag, cross-chest method, collar pull, and leg pull. Safety precautions like using protective gear and working in pairs are also discussed. The goal is to quickly evacuate casualties while preventing further injury to rescuers or casualties.

Uploaded by

JOKO LELUR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EMERGENCY

METHODS
OF
EVACUATING
CASUALTIES
WITHOUT
EQUIPMENT

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
1
INTRODUCTION
Non-Risky situation
• Package casualties wherever possible
• evacuate casualties with stretchers
• ensures comfort or minimize the suffering of the
casualties
Emergency or risky situation
• No time for stretchers or construct improvised
stretchers
• The casualties must be removed quickly
• Manual carrying techniques must be used
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
2
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Understand the correct technique to
be applied on the casualty

• Execute the correct method of


carrying the casualty

• Demonstrate the necessary safety


measures taken to prevent injury to
the rescuers
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
3
SCOPE
• Introduction
• Factors influencing methods used
• Demonstration of Emergency methods of
evacuating casualties without equipment:
Part 1 - General surface region
Part 2 - Confined spaces
• Safety
• Conclusion

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
4
FACTORS INFLUENCING
THE METHODS USED
The methods employed will depend on a
combination of the following factors:
a. Type and severity of the injuries
b. Casualty’s status
• conscious
• unconscious
c. Weight of the casualty
d. Availability of rescuers
e. Distance and route

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
5
GENERAL RULE
• Search should commence at the point of the
greatest survival rate
• In multi-story buildings, search should start
from the top and work your way down
• Common places where casualties are found:
a) Near doors
b) Near windows
c) At staircases
d) In the restrooms
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
6
Part 1 - Emergency casualty evacuation
from surface area
One Man Operations
Fireman’s Lift
•Light casualty
- unconscious

Fore Method
•Casualty of similar weight or
heavier than rescuer
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
7
The Cradle
Light-weight
casualties or
children

The Pick-a-back

Casualty is able to hang on


Will not lose consciousness
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
8
Backward drag
• Casualty too heavy
to be lifted

The Human Crutch

•Casualty can walk


with assistance

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
9
2-man operations

The Human Crutch


•Casualty can walk with assistance

The Fore & Aft

•Casualty is unable to walk


10

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
Two Handed Seat

• Casualty need to be carried rather


than dragged
• Casualty’s weight beyond the
capability of 1 rescuer
3-Handed Seat

Useful when rescuer needs a free


hand
Can support casualty’s injured 11leg

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
4-Handed Seat

 casualties need to be carried rather than dragged


 Casualty’s weight beyond the capability of 1
person

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
12
Part 2 - Emergency casualty evacuation
from confined spaces

a) Forward Drag (Rescue Crawl or Neck Drag)


b) Cross Chest Method
c) Collar Pull
d) Leg Pull

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
13
Forward Drag or Rescue Crawl
or Neck Drag - (casualty without hand injury)
•Tie casualty’s
arms securely
at both wrists with
triangularbandages
•Kneel astride
•pass head through
casualty’s arms
•straighten arms
to lift casualty
•drag out casualty
by crawling
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
14
Forward Drag or Rescue Crawl
or Neck Drag - (casualty with hand injuries)

•Pass belt, rope or


triangular bandage
under casualty near
armpits.
•Kneel astride
•Pass loop over head.
•Straighten arms.
•Drag casualty forward
by crawling
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
15
Cross-chest method
Casualty is unconscious
with minor injuries
•Lift casualty to sitting
position
• sit behind casualty with
both leg apart •Place casualty’s hands
crossed across chest with
fingers on shoulders
•insert arm under the
casualty’s armpit and hold
the outer arm of casualty
•Drag out casualty backward
16

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
Collar pull method
•Employed when earlier methods cannot be
used.
•Casualty’s head is positioned in direction of
exit
Leg pull method
•Last resort in very confined spaces under life
threatening situation.
•Leg in direction of exit and casualty cannot be
repositioned.

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
17
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
• Put on all safety gears
• Always work in pairs
• Bring along a torch
• Attach a life line to the rescuer
• Take extra care when using edged tools
• Ensure the the proper placement of the feet for
the selected techniques
• The correct method of lifting and gripping
must be adhered
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
18
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Ensure that the method selected does not


suffocate the casualty
• Put on breathing apparatus set, if
necessary
• Provide spare oxygen tanks
• Obey all instructions

Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
19
CONCLUSION
•Rescuing of casualties may be conducted under
any conceivably adverse conditions.
•Methods employed will depend location and type
of injury sustained.
•Remember objective of rescue operations is to save
and prevent further loss of lives.
•Speed is essential, but must be consistent with
safety and proper handling of casualties.
•Ensure personal safety, as accidents and injuries to
rescuers may jeopardise the whole operations.
Building
We SetCapacity • Enhancing Capabilities • Globally
The Standards
20

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