FORM TECH-4 : APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN

4.1 UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROPOSED ASSIGNMENT

The consultant's methodology and work plan for the consulting services to the project are described in this
chapter. Our understanding of objectives and approach to carry out the tasks as per the Terms of
Reference are detailed with an aspect to reflect innovation to our proposal.
4.1.1 Project Background

Key to the success of making a healthy society in any country or region is the providing a good waste
water management system. Such system, which provides safe and easy facility to the every courtship of
houses through a network of sewers, is an essential element for the newly formed town. It is assumed that
about 80% of the water supplied through the water supply lines changed into the waste water after its
usage by human and the Government of Nepal has been seriously heading towards the management of
such water produced. Even the big city of Nepal like Kathmandu lacks the proper management of waste
water. Now a days there has been a huge demand for such sewerage management projects at the big
cities and other newly formed towns.

On this regard the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure Development, Water Supply and Sanitation Division
(WSSD), Province no. 3 has been developing various Waste Water Management Projects throughout the
province. Under the Fiscal Year 075/76 WSSD is implementing Naikap Waste Water Management
Project that will bring together all facets of the water cycle – water supply, sewage management,
treatment and safe disposal to achieve strong benefits to community.

4.1.2 Objective and Scope of work

We understand the objectives as setting out the overall process required by project – to design the
economically viable, technically feasible, socially acceptable and environmentally friendly Waste
Management Project. For the real achievement of the project objective, we the Consultant focuses on the
proper assessment of existing situation of the project site with care on adequacy of survey data acquisition
and proper analysis, identification of need-based work and design, following the design standards with
consideration for innovation and appropriate technology and environmental friendly design and
construction practices.

Broadly the services cover following scope of works as per the ToR
 Assess the current conditions of entire wastewater management infrastructure, identify zones for
wastewater, conveyance system and disposal stations.

 Clearly identify core areas, which are suitable for sewerage network system and rest by onsite
sanitation system. The onsite sanitation system should be accompanied by fecal sludge management
if seemed necessary. The appropriate system for collection, transport and emptying including fecal
sludge treatment should be proposed. The land for treatment should be determined with the active
participation of the Users Committee members. The written consent and commitment for the land
availability is the most. In the layout diagram, the land should be clearly marked.

 The consultant will analyze the past, present and future data regarding wastewater loading rate etc.
study and recommend the types of treatment need. The consultant shall determine the quantity and
quality of the Sewage to be received at Sewerage Treatment Plant (STP).The capacity of type of
treatment plant is governed by quantity of sewage and wastewater analysis report respectively.
Consultant shall suggest the process of STP, in such a way that the Sewage Parameters discharged
after treatment shall comply the prevailing standards. Consultant shall consider all the expected shock
loads entering from the industries, if any, wherever appropriate the consultant may also propose
DEWATS.

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 The report should include the detail study of waste water collection and conveyance, location of
disposal facility, sewer design parameter, waste water generation, design of sewer, its appurtenances,
design of manholes / scraper manholes / ventilating column etc.

 The consultant will study different possible options for sewage treatment / recycle plant and
recommend for the technically most feasible and financially viable option with detail and adequate
design and drawings to implement. The consultant should consider the following:

a) Preparation of design and drawings based on detail survey

The design should include waste water collection and conveyance, location of disposal facility, Sewer
design parameter, waste water generation, design of sewer, its appurtenances, design of manholes /
scraper manholes / ventilating column etc, observations, past, present and future data analysis and
projections, material of constructions, waste water loading rate , which includes determinations of
diameter of pipes, quality of pipes. etc.

b) Conveyance of the collected Sewage

Due consideration will be given to following features while finalizing the proposed alignment: i) Follows
the natural contours, ii) Capable to conveyance the effluent through gravity iii) Accessible through
existing infrastructure of roads / trails/ tracks iv) The minimum damages to local wells and other water
resources v) Least interference with the social setup of the area vi) Minimum social and environmental
impacts vii) Socially acceptable. The consultant will ensure that the prepared designs are
implementable on ground with the path of least disturbance to other utilities.

The design should include diameter of pipe and other appurtenances required including mode and
system of conveyance of the collected Sewage.

The complete design and detailed engineering drawing for these components shall be submitted
showing the size of the pipes, most economical cross section of pipe, invert level of pipes, route, flow
direction, ground levels, locations of sewer appurtenances, longitudinal sections including showing the
underground infrastructure if any comes across or along the route of the sewerage line, structural
details of general components and critical components and other required details deem fit to be
included with all the design calculations should be submitted.

c) Sewage Pumping Stations (SPS)

The use of SPS is not favorable. The consultant will carry out detail alignment study in order to identify
the most suitable alignment, as far as possible by gravity flow of effluent thus avoiding the use of
electricity and mechanical parts and equipment. If there are no other options then the following
considerations should carefully be noted:

Site selection for Sewage Pumping Stations (main and auxiliary) shall be done by the consultant with
respect to the technically, physically and financially viable options.

Detailed design of pumping station shall include the configuration and detail structural design of the
pumping station including the various civil, electrical and mechanical components in accordance with
prevailing civil engineering practices.

Proposed Civil, Mechanical and Electrical design should be economical and should meet the criteria of
prescribed design manuals. General arrangement drawings, pumps, motors, electrical panels' layouts,
power requirement calculations, Phase wise implementation schedule for installing the pumps motors
etc. shall be submitted. The design shall include the component of atomation of the operation of the
pumping stations.

d) Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)

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The consultant shall design the STP to treat the sewage up to the limit prescribed by the relevant Govt.
authority.

The treatment process option shall be selected by the consultant and presented to the client for
approval. Only after the approval the consultant will design in detail.

The consultant shall prepare the requirement of land and prepare a layout incorporating the complete
unit requires for the treatment process and to comply the norms prescribed by the Province
Government.

The consultant shall determine the quantity and quality of the Sewage to be received at STP.
Consultant shall suggest the process of STP, in such a way that the Sewage Parameters discharged
after treatment shall comply the norms. Consultant shall consider all the expected shock loads entering
from the industries, if any.

e) Treated Sewage Disposal (TSD)

The consultant shall determine the location of the disposal point with different alternatives in
accordance with the provisions made by Province Government.

The design should include diameter of pipe, and other appurtenances required including mode and
system of conveyance of the collected Sewage.

The complete design and detailed engineering drawing for these components shall be submitted
showing the ground levels, size of the pipes, invert level of pipes, route, flow direction and other
required details deem fit to be included.

f) Land requirement

Land requirement for SPS, STP, TSD and for any other options such as DEWATS and FSM, if
suggested, shall be as per and accommodating/ fulfilling all the statutory requirements. There should
be the written consent of the community to provide the land.

g) Other scope of the work

Without limiting the major scope of the work, the consultant will be responsible, but not limited, for the
following scope:

 Assess existing sewerage services in the project area. Undertake necessary surveys and
investigations including off-site information. Conduct detailed engineering survey of sewerage
systems suitable for the service area with due consideration of the existing facilities. The
scope also includes assessing existing sewerage structures in terms of their reuse in case of
rehabilitation, up-gradation, and extension of existing systems. Update maps and plans of
existing sewerage assets to assess existing sewerage structures in terms of their reuse in
case of rehabilitation, up-gradation, and extension of existing systems. This assessment shall
include the current conditions of entire wastewater management infrastructure, identify zones,
for wastewater, conveyance system (current routing of flows and flow monitoring, type of open
channel / pipe used, quality of system, identification of redundant conveyance system),
disposal stations (incoming and outgoing flow monitoring, current status of transformer,
electricity metering, pumps, panels, Diesel generators, screen chambers, wet wells, its
capacity, rising mains and final discharged points). Emphasis should be given to rehabilitation,
up-grading and improvements of existing systems to reduce losses, reduce costs, enhance
efficiencies and identify any critical activities to be executed in this regard and include that in
the project design. This also includes the reviewing available secondary data and reports
required for analyzing the existing infrastructure facilities before designing the project. Collect

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and update primary sources, as necessary. Collection of data (primary / secondary) would be
the responsibility of consultant.

 Plan an integrated sewerage system to convert existing disintegrated system (if any) into
integrated gravity based system as much as possible.

 To assess the house hold connections, commercial and industrial areas, disposal points,
nearby water bodies’ locations, possible sewer alignment routes, critical positions.

 To clarify the community or local body’s enthusiasm on the execution of the project and
willingness as well as affordability to contribute in cash as set by Province Government's plan
and policy and labour for construction and undertake operation and maintenance responsibility
upon commissioning.

 The survey should be reflected in GIS map with sufficient details of the project area showing
every remarkable feature with exact location and detail of the existing and proposed structures
for sewerage facilities.

 Prepare detailed design report of agreed technical options, technical specifications, cost
estimates, and bid documents for projects, which should be in accordance with the
Government’s procurement guidelines. The overall design would be for over 30 year's period
presently as medium level service standard with possibility of upgrading to higher level of
services. The designs shall confirm to relevant/ latest applicable National Standards.
Wherever such standards are not available, appropriate standards shall be followed in
discussion with Water Supply and Sanitation Division. The project cost should include
operation and maintenance including human resources and annual O&M cost. Recommended
design / technology / process should have simple and least expensive O&M.

 Perform socio-economic and financial analysis with appropriate tariff suggestion and cost
benefit analysis;

 Dissemination of agency’s implementation policies and strategies to the concerned

stakeholders;

 The consultant will make assessment to ensure that the issues of land acquisition,
compensation, resettlement and relocation are kept as minimum as possible. The expectation
is such issues do not exist, incase such issues exist prepare the resettlement plans according
to Province Government rules.

 Identify need and make consensus with the involvement of users on the type of sewerage
services to be developed.

 Selection of appropriate / suitable material type for structural member / sewer to withstand
against soil chemical condition.

 Study and recommend the options for re-use of treated wastewater.

4.1.3 Introduction to Study Area

Under the package, the project area consists of two wards of Chandragiri Municipality; Ward 14.
Chandragiri is a municipality in Kathmandu District in the Province No. 3 of Nepal that was established on
December 2014 by merging the former Village development committees; Baad Bhanjyang, Balambu,
Dahachowk, Mahadevsthan, Machhegaun, Matatirtha, Naikap, NayaBhanjyang, Purano Bhanjyang,
Satungal, Thankot and Tinthana. The urban administration is located in Old-Balambu.

According to census survey data of central bureau of statics carried out in 2011, households and
population status of the project area are tabulated below:
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Population
S.N. Ward Household
Male Female

1 Ward 14 1500 6,069 6,117

4.1.4 Potential problems, issues and solutions

Key issues vital to the project design are identified and detailed below:
Nuisance from implementation/construction of treatment plant
DWSS Standards
The Consultants are of the view that DWSS Design Guidelines for Community Based Water Supply
Schemes should be closely followed. But at exceptional places like built-up, environmentally and
geologically sensitive areas these standards may have to be relaxed depending on the environmental and
economic considerations.
Land acquisition and compensation issues
Land acquisition and associated resettlement can be a very sensitive and extended process, with the
potential to delay substantial components of the project. The availability of lands and free lands from the
local people waste water treatment plant has to be reviewed. This may necessitate further compensation
or resettlement, or both. It is essential that this process is commenced early in the implementation of the
programme to minimize the potential for delay.
The GoN, Land Acquisition Act, 2034 (1977) provides the legal guide to acquire land for any public
purposes, subject to the compensation. For this project, the entitlements and resettlement are derived from
above as if needed. Commitments by community to provide required land for project facilities (preferably
free of cost) will be collected through WUA in the legal agreement form.
4.2.3.3 Environmental Consideration
The Consultants will give careful consideration to environmental matters during the assessment,
investigation and design. The issues that require addressing include:
4.2.3.4 Cost Effectiveness of Design / Operation and Maintenances
Utmost care will be taken to the extent possible in the design to make the future maintenance of the
system least costly. The design techniques will be used appropriately by taking into consideration of overall
objectives of the project and also due consideration to aspects such as appropriate technology, economy,
environment, and construction methodology and future maintenance cost. The Consultant is well aware of
the problems of maintenance of the structural components in Nepal, which crop up due to
inadequate/insufficient resources allocation and resulting in poor maintenance and management.

For the economical operation and maintenance, consultancy will assess the commitment of the community
to pay for the services, contribution towards establishing a maintenance fund and free lands for project
facilities.

4.1.4 Applicable Guidelines, Standards, Regulations, Directives and Laws

The following acts, policies, regulation & guidelines that will be applicable during the feasibility study of the
Policies
Laws
 Environment Protection Act, 1997
 Land Acquisition Act, 1977
 Solid Waste (Management and Resource Mobilization) Act, 1987
Rules
 Environmental Protection Rules, 1997
 Kathmandu Valley Water Supply Management Board Regulations, 2007
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 Standard, guidelines, manuals and Codes

 NS
 Effluent Standard ƒ
 Public Works Directives, 2002 ƒ
 National Drinking Water Quality Standards, 2006

4.2 Methodology and Quality assurance plan

4.2.1 Introduction
We understand that the primary focus of the proposed consulting service is to formulate technically
feasible, economically viable, socially acceptable and environmental friendly Wastewater Management
Project which includes the task of preparing the Detailed Engineering Designs, Estimate, Drawings, Bill of
quantities (BOQ) and Specifications of the project.
The following sub-sections provide our approach & methodology to carryout the services as required by
the terms of reference to fulfill the objective of the proposed assignment.
Our team members’ experiences of the past have provided us a full understanding of the procedural details
of program implementation of DPR of waste water management schemes according to the Department of
Water Supply guidelines. Besides we intend to use our experiences in the similar projects for the benefit of
the project. We therefore propose more or less same approaches as suggested under the DWSS
guidelines. However, we have also proposed innovative approaches to achieve broader output from project
and also to get more efficient result. Thus the approach and methodology we have proposed for the
present assignment is a reflection of our full understanding of the program implementation. Should there
be any need of adjustment in the approach and methodology, we are open for discussion and adjust to
fulfill the objectives of the proposed assignment.
While formulating the methodology for the works, we have taken into account of the followings;
1. Stipulations of the Terms of Reference (TOR) issued through the Request of Proposal (RFP)
2. Consultant’s comment and suggestions on the Terms of Reference and on data service, and facilities
to be provided by the Client as presented in Chapter-3 B
3. Additional information collected by the Consultant from various sources
4. Previous experiences of Firm in the involvement of the similar projects
5. Previous experiences of the proposed personnel
6. Since client has already developed and provided Tasks and Methodology exhaustively, the main aim
of methodology stipulated here are not to copy the methodology provided in the TOR but how
to verify the information and obtain additional information correctly and methodically.
4.2.2 Approach
Our approach to the consulting assignment is based on information given in the Terms of Reference,
understanding of objectives, comments on Terms of Reference together with our experience gained in
waste water management in the last 8 years of working in the country. The Department of Water Supply
and Sewerage has developed strategy, policy, guidelines, directives and required expertise in this field.
Hence, the Consultant will adopt the following approaches:
General Approaches
Under the general approach the Consultant has included following consideration
 Proven practices and procedures;
 Consultation and effective coordination;
 Efficient Project management
 Liaison with other agencies
Proven Practices and Procedures
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The Consultant will focus and adopt an optimal combination of methods and technologies based on
practicality, project requirements and sound professional judgment. The procedures and practices of the
Consultant will also incorporate lessons learnt from review and assessment of past and the present
practices in the waste water management sector. Where innovative approaches are desirable, the
approaches will be discussed and agreed with the Client and concerned agency prior to their application.
Consultation and Effective Coordination
Consultation, exchange of information, coordination and sharing of experience of the past and ongoing
projects of similar nature will be an integral part of the Consultant’s approach. The Consultant and all
stakeholders involved in the project have to overview the activities in relation to each other and help each
other toward streamlining their works in the process to make them compatible to the whole.
Efficient Project Management
The assignment involves diverse range of tasks and activities to achieve the set objective. Each of these
tasks and activities is time related. The planning and programming of all the assignment components, that
includes a wide range of disciplines, will be carried out using efficient management model including
standard software. This will enable on establishment of desired links between individual tasks and activities
and time periods. This will ease the Consultant efforts to identify key tasks, critical paths, risks and overall
resources requirements, in turn enabling the comprehensive means of monitoring progress.
Liaison with other agencies
Liaison and linking with other agencies and stakeholders for their inputs and services to add further
benefits to the project will be the core strategy to be followed in implementation. Regular coordination
meeting and exchange of information system will be established between such projects.
Management Approach
o Clearly defined management roles and responsibilities.

o Clearly defined roles and responsibilities for each member of the proposed Team.

o Proactive approach to prevent or minimize occurrence of probable project risks

o In-depth knowledge of financial and management information systems at all times.

o Strict adherence to the work schedule.

o Sufficient flexibility to respond to desired changes and directions.

o Systematic procedures for quality control.

o Systematic monitoring of both processes and performance.

Community Participatory Approach

Consultant is well aware on the significance of community involvement in all the process of the projects
towards goal achievement. As such Community-Based Participatory Approach (CBPA) will be the critical
strategy in the field assessment, verification works and beneficiary assessment (BA) of the projects.
Regular coordination meeting and exchange of information system will be established between consultant,
Local users, WUA and WSSDO personnel at all level of the project process. CBPA is based on principles
that include:
o Recognizing the community as a unit of identity

o Building on collective strengths and shared resources

o Facilitating partnership and capacity building throughout the process

o Disseminating pertinent information, data and other findings to all participants

o Involving a long-term process and commitment

o Seeking balance between research and action

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4.2.4 Detailed Methodology

Based on the approach mentioned above, our methodology has been designed as a set of carefully
considered and interconnected series of tasks, whose outputs combine to achieve the project objectives,
as stated in the ToR.

The detailed activities of work to be performed by the consultant to fulfill the TOR requirement are given
below:

4.2.4.1 Management of the Team

The team leader of project will plan and manage the work making the schedule of tasks to complete the
assignment in stipulated time. We will establish mobilize staff immediately after signing of the contract and
receiving the notice to proceed from DWSS.

The Team Leader will work closely and in full cooperation with DWSS. He will maintain proper coordination
with project stakeholders and other authorities and bodies as required. Close coordination will be required
between the Consultant's team, DWSS staff, stakeholders, and other authorities and bodies required to
engage in approval or consultation on different aspects of the project.

4.2.4.2 Inception Phase/ Desk Study

Collection and Review of Relevant Information
Consultant will collect and get familiarize with the relevant documents including feasibility reports and
prepare observation checklists, semi structure questionnaire, data enumeration formats and other
documents related to the project. The study team will critically review and analyze these documents as
soon as the job is awarded. The reports, guidelines, Governmental policies, strategies, approach papers,
concept papers and relevant literatures will be reviewed thoroughly by the team leader and other experts.

There are several critical information items needed for selection and design of systems. Some of the
critical items, which shall be collected and reviewed, are listed as follows:

 Collection of past and present waste water loading rate

 Inventory of entire waste water management infrastructure and sanitary sewerage services, NMIP data

 Possible zones for waste water, conveyance and disposal stations

 Demographic data (household and population), and other waste water producers, institutions,
hospitals, schools and industries

 Hydrological data

 Meteorological data

 Topographical data, available maps, reports, etc.

 Existing water supply situation

 Collection of approved district rates of materials and labors;

 Other relevant information.

Preparation and Submission of Inception Report

Consultant will prepare the inception report and submit it to the client within 2 weeks from the date of work
order issued. The inception report will include detailed work plan, methodologies, questionnaires,
checklists, tools, structure of final project report and time schedule. Among other things it describes the
revised methodology, if any and concept proposal, which has to be reviewed and then approved by client,
if necessary.
Consultant will prepare necessary documents, checklists, and questionnaires along with other logistic
requirements for discussion. The checklists and questionnaires for fieldwork will have been prepared
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during this phase of desk study. Consultant will recruit an additional staff, if necessary, in the district to
support the team during the field visit.
4.2.4.3 Field Assessment
a) Orientation to the team
Before mobilizing the team to the tasks, orientation program with input from Experts will be organized to
the team members to impart the DWSS approaches/guidelines and TOR of the different tasks. The TOR
and the DWSS approaches /guidelines will also to be provided to the professionals for their self study.
b) Coordination
A strong coordination mechanism will be applied with the client in order to ensure the smooth sailing of the
assigned tasks. Before mobilizing to the field, a prior consultation with respective responsible persons of
the division office will be carried out to make the task more efficient and transparent.

The Consultants will maintain close regular liaison with the project -in-charge deputed by the client. Draft
design proposals for alignment, structures and other technical aspects of the design will be discussed with
him for approval prior to proceeding with the final design and drawings.
c) Field Assessment
Formation of Water User Association is essential for the project; this will also look after the sewerage.
Hence the consultant will assist the community to form the users committee in consultation and thorough
participation of the users, local body, existing WUA and WSSDO personnel, the consultant will conduct the
field assessment works focusing on the following activities:
i. Assessment of the beneficiary service area (project area);
Beneficiary Assessment Techniques
The consultant will assess the beneficiary area for the reliable, qualitative, in-depth information on the
social, economic, cultural conditions and perceptions as related to the quantity, general quality, hardship,
service level of sewerage facility within the the project's target group.
The approach relies primarily on following techniques:
 Conversational Interviews
Naturalistic interviewing of target people will be done to reveal their feelings, thoughts, and beliefs about a
particular issue. The conversational interview is structured around a number of themes or topics directly
related to planned or ongoing interventions targeting the community being interviewed. This is a
particularly important concern in interviewing politicians, women and the poor.
 Focus Group Discussions
Focus Group Discussions with target communities, persons from the same neighborhoods, or those
involved in making the same livelihoods will be conducted for the precise attribution of findings.
 Direct Observation and Participant
It involves counting, noting behavior traits and patterns, and other notable facets of a sewerage and
sanitary situation. The potential for quantifying observed phenomena is major and immediate.
Scope of beneficiary service area Assessment
For the detail engineering study report of the project, the consultant will conduct following assessment
based on the above discussed techniques of beneficiary assessment.
 Socio-economic Assessment
The socio-technical profile will be prepared on the basis of socio-economic field study carried out by
consultant team. The purpose of socio-technical profile will be to collect and analyze data that served the
basis for the Feasibility Study design and sub-project's economic and financial analyses.

Data will be collected from both structural questionnaire sample survey as well as participatory appraisal
method. Field observations, mass meeting, focus group discussion will be used as the principle tools for
collection of data.

For the qualitative information, group interview will be undertaken on the need of quality piped water
system, women and children related issues, household level income expenditure pattern and agricultural
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income. Participant observation method will be employed for triangulation of collected information on
personnel, domestic and environmental behaviors.

Focus group discussions will be conducted with WUA members, if any, key informants, woman and
different groups including CBO members of scheme areas.

During this survey, the consultant will assist the users/beneficiaries and VDCs to identify land and other
assets to be acquired for the water supply system construction. To the extent possible the pipe line
alignments and designed (proposed) structures will avoid high value lands, single land ownership,
buildings and structures.

 Demographic Assessment
Population determines the amount of water that scheme has to satisfactorily supply during the design
period. It is hence important to establish population accurately for designing a water supply scheme. In
addition, water requirement of school, health post, and other establishments that are located within the
community should also be met. This population also needs to be established.

For this, ward wise population of the community will be obtained from the offices of the Village
Development Committee. During the population survey, the number of houses and population of the ward
that would be served by the scheme will be confirmed. If parts of the wards are excluded from the scheme,
then the figure would be appropriately adjusted. This figure will be used to estimate the preliminary design
populations and determine the approximate number of stand posts.
ii. Situational analysis Assessment
Under the situational analysis, the present condition or situation of the sewerage system in the study area
will be assessed. The existing sewer networks and its appurtenances, possible demand, appurtances,
disposal stations, of the study will be assessed.
An Inventory Study of existing sewer pipe alignment, civil structural components, and hydraulic structures
will be prepared and an assessment of their adequacy will be examined. Requirement of additional
structures will also be examined. In general work and element related to sewerage system condition will be
covered during the inventory survey.

The inventory survey will cover:

o Sewer Pipe alignment
o Sewer pipe conditions
o Civil structures (retaining, breast, toe wall, slope protection River training structures and other
structures
o Hydralulic Structures
The assessment work will be done with the help of standard form. All above information will be recorded
and condition of existing structure damages will be also recorded. All structures will be properly numbered
and coded which will indicate chainage and dimensions.

4.2.4.2 Engineering Field Survey

a) Alignment Survey
The purpose of alignment survey is to get the ground profile of the sewerage reticulation. The data is used
to prepare sewer network layout, hydraulic design of the sewers, drawings and estimates. The consultant
will carry out alignment study in order to identify the most suitable alignment for gravity flow of effluent. Due
consideration will be given to following features while finalizing the proposed alignment: i) Follows the
natural contours, ii) Capable to conveyance the effluent through gravity iii) Accessible through existing
infrastructure of roads / trails/tacks. iv) The minimum damages to local Dug wells and other water
resources v) Least interference with the social setup of the area vi) Minimum social and environmental
impacts vii) Socially acceptable.

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Topographical Survey
Topographical survey of the possible sites for disposal point and treatment plant will be carried out by
traverse survey. The survey will be carried out with total station. Topographical survey of the site will be
conducted to have details about the land boundary, natural features and general terrain of the site.

The methodology to be adopted for traverse survey will follow the standard surveying procedures.

Timber pegs will be driven at all intersection points (IPs), with a central nail at the top. A sketch of the IP
will be drawn, showing its position relative to at least two permanent objects. This would enable a missing
IP to be reinstated later on, if required. Recovery pegs or markers will be established for pegs which
cannot be tied to permanent objects. Temporary timber pegs shall be used at all points on the traverse line
where cross-sections need to be taken.
Longitudinal and Cross Section Survey
Longitudinal profile and cross-sections at suitable intervals are necessary for the proper design of drains.
This part of the survey will be done using an automatic level and measuring tapes. Cross -sections will be
taken where possible at right angles to the traverse line, at intervals not exceeding:
 25 meters in built up areas
 And or at crucial points like bends, culverts, drops, etc.

The width of the cross-section survey will extend up to the property line in built up areas (if any) on either
side of the traverse line and extend to approximately 5 - 10 meters in open areas, depending upon the
importance and relevance of the cross-section to the survey.

Longitudinal profile of the drain alignment will be done accurately with an automatic level. The points of the
L-profile will be tied with the traverse line. Levels at different points along the L-profile and cross-section
will be closed at permanent bench marks or established bench marks along the traverse line with accepted
closing error.
Miscellaneous Survey
Miscellaneous details will be provided in layout plan, e.g., road crossings, drainage crossings, sub-sewers,
culverts, other infrastructure facilities etc. These details may be picked up by tacheometric methods and
will be tied with IPs or traverse lines by horizontal angles and distances.

The survey will be recorded properly in survey field books and commercially available level and recording
books following the standard or convenient procedures.
Survey Technology
The survey can be carried out by using optical instruments like the total stations. Of these options, the
consultants propose:
 traditional method of alignment survey with total station and levels for alignment survey
complemented by programmable pocket calculators which allows calculation of curves, survey
accuracy check at any survey location itself;
 electronic measuring equipment, such as (EDM) for control base line survey as large distance
measurements to national geodetic points as well as coordinates calculation could be undertaken
reliably and quickly, so as not to delay other detailed survey works..
Preliminary alignment plotting of horizontal plan and vertical profile will be done at field for checking and
determining cross-section locations. Cross-sectional data will be recorded in special sheets designed for
easy input into consultant's microcomputer. The consultants are also fully aware of using self-reducing
alidades, which allow map preparation with accuracy at field itself but with somewhat increased field
survey time.
b) Hydrological Study
We will carry out the hydrological investigation and information to determine or design, cross drainage and
drainage structures, rainfall data for the project area will be collected from relevant rainfall stations
established by the department of Hydrology and Metrology based on rainfall data and catchments area, the
design flow for various return periods will be estimated to design the adequate size of drainage system.
The method of design employed will be the Rational Method, which relates run-off to the catchments
characteristics, time of concentration and rainfall intensity for particular storm recurrence intervals. For the
larger catchments (in excess of 15 sq km) the Hydrograph Method of analysis will be used.
Besides, the yielding of the sources will be studied.

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FORM TECH-4 : APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN

c) Material Availability Survey

In order to determine appropriate and available materials sources we will use our local knowledge of those
areas to test prospective materials extraction sites. Construction material survey will identify, investigate,
test and define the source and availability of construction material to satisfy engineering requirement
accessibility land rights and environmental aspects of material extraction.
Preparation of the field Report
Consultant will prepare a short and concise field visit report reflecting the details of the places visited,
groups interacted and persons met including other relevant activities. This will also incorporate comments
and suggestions made during the field visit.
d) Water/ Sewerage Quality Study
The Consultant will also assess the Sewerage quality. The analysis will include, amongst other factors,
water temperature, dissolved oxygen, B.O.D, C.O.D, sewage chemistry (pH, nitrate, etc.) and nutrient
status. Consultant will collect total 3 samples in each lake for sewage quality study at the time of field
investigation.
Sample of sewage from the source will be taken for its laboratory test in order to determine physical,
chemical and biological properties of the sewage through laboratory tests.
Standard methods will be adopted in sample collection and transportation of samples to laboratory for
waste water quality analysis. Quality test will be conducted in the accredited laboratory.
4.2.4.3 Detailed Analysis, Designing and Report Preparation
a) Data Interpretation and Analysis

It is essential that the data collected be turned into information that is useful to the design professionals.
The designers do this by carefully going over all the data they have collected to determine what it means to
each of them. The consultant have Geographic Information System (GIS) capabilities that could be very
useful if you see the need to layer sets of information about study area.
After the completion of the fieldwork, the consultant will enter the data in the developed computer program,
analyze these data and information obtained from the fieldwork and prepare the output tables.
The detailed measurement procedure will be described clearly in the report including if there is ambiguity in
the information presented. A standardized method of technique will be developed and implemented for all
the schemes in case of ambiguity.
Comments and suggestions, which are gathered during field work will also be taken into considerations.
b) Flow and Load Estimation

Accurate estimation of sewage discharge is necessary for hydraulic design of the sewers. Far lower
estimation than reality will lead inefficient, inadequate, similarly very high discharge estimation lead
uneconomical hydraulically inefficient design. Actual measurement of the discharge is not possible if the
sewers do not exist; and where the capacity of the existing sewers is inadequate and need to be
increased, still actual present discharge measurement may not be accurate due to unaccounted overflow
and leakages that might be occurring in the existing system. Since sewers are design to serve for some
more future years, engineering skills have to be used to accurately estimate the sewage discharge
Apart from accounted water supplied by the water authority that will be converted into waste water
following quantities are considered while estimating the wage quantity

Addition due to unaccounted private water supplies

Addition due to infilatation
Substration due to water loss

Net quantity of sewage: The net quantity of sewage production can be estimated by considering the
addition and subtraction as discussed above over the accounted quantity of water supplied by water
authority as below:

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FORM TECH-4 : APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN

Net quantity of sewage = Accounted quantity of water supplied from the water works + Addition due to
unaccounted private water supplies + Addition due to infiltration- Subtraction due to water losses
-Subtraction due to water not entering the sewerage system

Generally, 75 to 80% of accounted water supplied is considered as quantity of sewage produced.

c) Prepare a conceptual Sewerage Layout plan

Based on the review and analysis of previous study, recent field investigations, Feasibility level design of
project components. The optimization of the facility will include determining the optimum size in conjunction
with the economic evaluation and the findings of the environmental study taking into account the optimal
capacity, transportation constraint and manufacturing capability.
d) M&E framework along with environmental management plan (EMP)

Review and analyze all the data and prepare conceptual plan for multi-year interventions for managing
pollution together with M&E framework along with environmental management plan (EMP).
d) Economic / Financial analysis

The economic / financial analysis of the scheme will be evaluated as per the results of the following
terminology.

 Calculation of internal rate of returns FIRR and EIRR

 Derivation of Average Incremental costs, AIEC and AIFC

 Calculation of ENVP on the project investment

 Estimation of tariff structure applying IBT system based on the affordability and willingness to pay to
meet the loan repayment.

For the analysis, the costs and benefit streams will be considered as follows: capital costs, replacement
cost, O & M costs, loan repayment costs, connection costs in cost streams and resource cost saving in
terms of time saving to collect water, incremental domestic sale, value of non-revenue water and other non
quantifiable benefits, water tariff revenues etc. in benefit streams.

The increasing block tariff (IBT) system will be applied in tariff structure so as to make poor community
more beneficial. The IBT system can be applied in various locations and communities such as urban, semi
urban and rual areas. The IBT system is also applicable for cross subsidy from high-income group to low-
income group indirectly. The analysis of the sub project will been prepared for cash flow streams projection
for 15 years excluding construction period of 3 years. The loan repayment will be annualized at annuity
payment for the period of 12 years with three years grace period accumulating interest at 6-10 percent with
annuity payment.

The tariff structure will be based on household, incomes and consumer’s ability and willingness to pay. The
method of determining tariffs considers the affordability within the range of 3 to 5% household incomes
e) Survey Plotting
The survey plotting will be carried out to prepare plans and longitudinal profile of the pipe-line alignments.
The plans will show name of place, streams and river crossing, chainage, location of public utilities and
other features etc.
The profile survey plot will show existing ground level, soil and rock nature, stream and river crossings and
other drainage crossings, name of place, problematic area etc.

f) Preparation of Engineering Design

During the design of a scheme a number of issues will be considered. These relate to the type of system;
whether it is to be open or closed whether the supply is to be continuous or intermittent and whether to
provide provisions for future expansion. The strategy would be to provide decentralized storage tanks
(more than one) to supply water to smaller population groups via public standpost. The designs will
emphasis on a) optimal use of the available resources and b) detailing on designs to minimize operation

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FORM TECH-4 : APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN

and maintenance requirements. A main strategy will be to provide smaller water supply schemes catering
to smaller population. Even in one scheme, it is suggested that more than one storage tank be provided to
supply smaller group of standpost users.
All components of the lift water supply scheme are important. However, special care will be taken while
surveying and designing the sump-well.
Design of the pipe-line details and other structures like Sedimentation Tank, Storage Tank, Break Pressure
Chamber, Interruption Chamber, Distribution Chamber, Standpost, Suspended Crossing, Gully Crossing
etc; System Appurtenances like , Air Valve, Washout , Branch Valve, Valve Chamber will be done as per
DWSS Guideline.
In order to improve the quality of water to accepted limit, appropriate treatment technology will be provided.
While designing the pipeline alignment as well as other structures, the consultant will predict damages to
the environment and attempt to mitigate or minimise such damages and suggesting appropriate measures
in design. The consideration will be more specific particularly considering the environment friendly
approach for construction that needs to be adopted.
g) Prepare Cost Estimates and Rate Analysis
The quantities of work will be calculated based on Work norms and technical specifications prepared by
DWSS will be adopted. For analysis of rates, the district labour and materials rates for the current fiscal
years will be adopted.
Cost of engineering works and other structures for stabilization works will be worked out.
Total cost estimate of the project will be prepared for each phase of the construction programme.
Land area of each parcel within the right-of–way will be calculated with the name of the landowner

h) Preparation of Engineering drawings

Consultants will use computers and appropriate software (Auto CAD) with prior approval of the client
Further, the reports will contain adequate information on methodology adopted in the programme,
summarized flow diagram, description of formula used in the programme, data required for input and
results obtained in output etc. It will not however apply to word processing software, but formula used in
spreadsheet will be described. The consultant will submit the softcopy of the data of alignment; plan, profile
& of cross section drawings, detail cost estimate compatible in a format acceptable to the client.
The Consultant will prepare the following plans and working drawings on suitable reproducible materials
using the format and title sheets as required by the client.
The layout plan of the service area including the sump-well will be prepared. It should show all the
components as they exist in the design. It will show chainage, ground elevation, nature of soil/terrain
along the alignment.
After the pipeline design is completed, the following details will be added on to the longitudinal profile.
 hydraulic grade line, static line, residual head.
 pipe type (materials) and diameter, pressure.
 flow velocity, and flow in each section.
 location of lntake, storage tank,BPCs, ICs and DCs, standposts, crossings,location of valves (Gate
valve, Air valve, Washouts), partial distance, cumulative distance, and branch points.

The following drawings in the scales as shown will also be included in the design:
All engineering design will be shown with calculation. The format will be described properly declaring the
meaning and source of variable constants and multiplication factors will be referenced and justified. A
separate engineering design report will be prepared and submitted.
i) Preparation of Draft Report and Submission
After the accomplishment of above tasks consultant will finalize the draft report based on the outcome of
the data interpretation, analysis and field work. The two copies of draft report (hard and electronic copy in
English) will be submitted to client for comments within ten weeks of agreement.

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j) Presentation of Draft Report

Consultant will organize a workshop to share the findings to the client and stakeholders after submission of
the draft report. This will assist finalization of the Draft Report.
k) Finalization Design, Drawing and Rate Analysis and Submission
Consultant will finalize and prepare the final report by incorporating all the comments and suggestion made
by the client and suggestion received during workshop upto practice extent.
Three copies of final report (hard and electronic copy in English) will be submitted to the client within one
week after receiving comments from client.

4.2.4.5 Reporting
Consultant will submit each of the reports in following stages:
 Inception Report: two week after singing contract in two copies

 Field Report: 7 days after signing contract in two copies

 Draft Report including design, drawing, rate analysis: three and half months after approval of inception
report

 Final Design Project Report: 4 months after receiving the comments on the draft report comments
received from the client in three copies

4.3 ORGANIZATION, WORK PROGRAM AND STAFFING

4.3.1 General
The organization structure including activity and staffing schedules have been prepared to concur with the
requirements of the proposed approach and methodology described in Sections 4.2 above. The Consultant
has prepared its strategic approach in carrying out the assignment for successful implementation of the
Project. This approach has been formulated based on the RFP guidelines, project management and
administrative experience of the Consultant.
4.3.2 Project Organization
The Consultant will establish a strong management and administrative support for the successful project
development so that its personnel will perform their duties in efficient and timely manner. In this line, the
Consultant proposes a project management structure for the proposed assignment with a clear line of
command as well as the working relation between the stakeholders concerned, as illustrated in Figure 3-9.
4.3.3 Work Program
The work schedule, presented in Form Tech 3H: Activity (Work) Schedule, has been prepared based on
the instruction given in the RFP. The proposed schedule presents logical sequence of tasks on which the
inputs of the proposed professional staffs are based, and their respective task responsibilities. In order to
optimize use of the Consultant's inputs, the reporting schedule is also shown in the work schedule.
It is proposed that the whole job be finished in 4 months and the schedule has been prepared accordingly .
4.3.4 Proposed team composition and task assignments
The Consultant proposes a very competent and experienced team of professional staffs to undertake this
assignment, as listed in Form Tech 3E. The proposed staffs possess outstanding quantitative and
qualitative backgrounds.

4.3.5 Staffing Schedule

To execute the services in line with the proposed work schedule, the Consultant has proposed key
professional staffs to the project according to the staffing schedule shown in Form Tech 3G. The allocated
time for each staff has been logically distributed.

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FORM TECH-4 : APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND WORK PLAN

4.3.6 Curriculum Vitae

The Curriculum Vitae of professional staffs proposed for this Project in the format suggested by the RFP
with their proposed position, name, detail tasks assigned, key qualifications, education, employment
records, detail professional experience with particular reference to kind of experience required for this
Project and language proficiency are presented in Form Tech Form 3F.

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