Paper
and
Paperboard
Packaging
Specifications
Product
considerations:
• Type/nature
of
the
product:
solid,
liquid,
etc.
• Quantity/weight/volume
to
be
packed
• Critical
attributes/characteristics
of
product
• Filling/packing
method
and
conditions
• Product
protection
requirements
-‐ physical,
climatic,
biological,
security,
etc.
Commercial
Considerations:
• Quantities
required/ordered
• Delivery
required/agreed
• Packing
and
shipping
instructions
• Pricing,
if
agreed
• Delivery
clauses/insurance/terms
of
payment
Technical
Considerations:
• Designation
of
the
pack
(type,
style,
if
known)
• Pack
raw
material(s):
grade,
quality,
weight
• Construction
of
pack,
if
known
• Relevant
dimensions
and
tolerances
• Special
features/properties/accessories
• Graphic
design/printing/decoration
required
• Applicable
standards
and
test
methods
Paper
and
Board
Specification
Concerns
• Cellulose
fibre sources
and
significance
of
fibre length
• Fibre direction
and
related
physical
properties
• Common
paperboard
grades
• Paperboard
properties
• Paperboard
packaging
styles
• Measuring
paperboard
Properties
of
Paper
and
Paperboard
Packaging
Weigth and
Size
• Paper
is
classified
by
weight
in
gsm (grams
per
square
metre),
with 80
gsm being
the
weight
of
average
copier
paper.
• Board
is
measured in
microns
(micrometers,
or
1000ths of
a
millimetre).
The
thickness
of a
board
can
be
gauged
by
the
number
of
ply
(layers)
it
is
made
up
of.
• Paper
and
board
are
most
commonly
available
in
metric
‘A’
sizes
(A5
through
to
A0).
a packaging laminate. Paper
The choice of
Common
thicknesses
of
paper
and
board
presented. Ch
involves a com
Number of ply Microns client. In gene
2 200 the design r
of the clien
3 230 durability, s
4 280 colour, text
the demand
6 360
printing pro
8 500 decoration,
10 580 printing ink
lithography
12 750 quality finis
Table 1.1: Common thicknesses of paper and any econom
board
A2
(420 × 594 mm)
A1
(594 × 841 mm)
he A4
(210 × 297 mm)
et A3
(297 × 420 mm)
A5 A5
(148 ×
210 mm)
ons, Figure
1.
Common
‘A’
sizes
of
paper
and
board
Figure 1.1: Common ‘A’ sizes of paper and board
Physical
Properties of
Paperboard
Paper Structure
Stiffness
in
the
sheet
at
different
Stiffness in the sheet at different
drying
strategies
drying strategies
Shringkage in
CD
Shrinkage in CD
5
Double-tier dryer
CD shrinkage / %
Si l ti dryer
Single-tier d
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Position across the paper web, CD / m
Reference: T. Wahlström
Paper Structure
Fiber orientation means that paper is stronger in the machine
direction than in the cross machine direction.
Stiffness
and
Grain
Direction
Paper
is
stiffer
when
bent
across
the
grain
(MD)
than
along
the
grain.
Tube-‐Style
Cartons
-‐ Grain
Direction
Grain
crossing
the
corner
creases
contributes
to
panel
flatness
Folding
and
Grain
Direction
Paper
is
stiffer
folded
across
the
grain
(MD)
than
along
the
grain
Tearing
and
Grain
Direction
Tear
strength
across
the
grain
(MD)
is
higher
than
along
the
grain.
Longer
fibre length
increases
cross-‐grain
tear
strength
Hygroscopic
Behaviour
of
Paperboards
• Papers
gain
or
lose
moisture
due
to
ambient
humidity
• All
paper
properties
change
with
moisture
content
• Paper
expands
with
moisture
changes à typically
0.8%
in
MD
and
1.6%
in
CD
• Dimensional
changes
can
cause
register
problems
• Paper
is
always
tested
under
standardized
conditions à 23°C and
50%
R.H.
Paper
Moisture
Content
Humidity
Change
&
Paper
Curl
Large deformation bending of plates and its
influence on deflection of paper and board
Unstable at large
deflection
Stable at large
deflection
(Nordström et al.
al 1998)
Large deflection is typically larger than the sheet thickness!
Double-curved surfaces in general possible only for very small deflections!
Contact
of
light
and
paper
Types
of
Paper
Packaging
Paper
types
Cartridge
Paper
Tracing
Paper
Kraft
Sack
Paper • Dari
pulp
sulfat kayu daun
jarum,
• Ketahanan tarik 250-‐1150
kg/m,
gramatur 70-‐300,
• Kuat,
dapat dipucatkan,
dapat
dibuat kuat kondisi basah,
atau
anti
air
• Untuk tas,
kantong,
kantong
berdinding rangkap,
liner
pada
papan gelombang
Kertas Sulfit
Dari
campuran pulp
kayu
daun jarum dan daun lebar
yang
dipucatkan, bersih,
cerah,
cocok untuk
kemasan yang
dicetak
(print).
Ketahanan tarik
sangat bervariasi,
gramatur
35-‐300,
untuk tas kecil,
amplop,
pouch,
kertas
berlilin,
label,
dan pelapis
foil
Vegetable
Parchment
Kertas tanpa sizing
agent
diberi
treatment
dengan asam sulfur
pekat.
Ketahanan tarik 215-‐1450
kg/m,
gramatur 12-‐75.
Kuat kondisi
basah,
tahan minyak dan lemak.
Untuk produk berlemak,
berminyak
atau produk yang
basah.
• Dari
pulp
yang
dibeating
dengan kuat
Greaseproof
• Ketahanan tarik 70-‐150
kg/m,
gramatur 180-‐450,
• Tahan lemak
• Untuk kemasan produk
berlemak dan pangan yang
dipanggang
Seperti greaseproof,
dGlassine
iberi
Glassine
perlakuan super calendering, tahan
minyak dan lemak.
Ketahanan tarik
140-‐535
kg/m,
gramatur 40-‐150,
sebagai barrier
odor
pelapis tas,
kotak,
dan untuk pangan berlemak
Tissue
Paper
Kertas yang
ringan dari pulp
yang
kebanyakan.
Ketahanan tarik 20-‐
50
kg/m,
gramatur rendah.
Sebagai pembungkus yang
bersifat lembut.
VCI
paper
(Volatile
Corrosion
Inhibitor)
