Rockfall Protection Snow Barriers: Maccaferri
Rockfall Protection Snow Barriers: Maccaferri
SNOW BARRIERS
MACCAFERRI MAC.RO™ SYSTEMS 01 01
MAC.RO™ SYSTEMS
NATURAL HAZARD &
ROCKFALL MITIGATION
Rockfall protection and natural hazard mitigation With over 60 years’ experience in rockfall protection Covered in this brochure:
systems are key elements in the security and systems and natural hazard mitigation, Maccaferri
Mesh Systems:
safety of roads, railways, mining operations and offers a wide range of systems to stabilise rock faces,
infrastructure networks. Even small rockfalls soil slopes and snow masses, reducing risks to people, Rockfall Netting
or debris flows can obstruct infrastructure and buildings and infrastructure. Steelgrid® HR
have far-reaching economic effects beyond
Maccaferri’s philosophy is to offer a logical graded HEA Panels
the immediate disruption. This also applies to
range of engineered systems working together with
buildings or other installations at risk of damage Ring Nets
each other, to reduce overdesign and unnecessary
from rockfalls, debris flows or avalanches*.
cost. Testing & Design
Certified and tested by leading institutes and in Dynamic Rockfall Barriers
accordance with the latest standards, Maccaferri
solutions are designed using state-of-the-art Debris Flow and Shallow Landslide Barriers
modelling software and techniques. Rockfall Embankments
Developed in conjunction with contractors, Maccaferri Snow Fences and Avalanche Protection
Mac.RO™ Systems are simple to install, durable and
effective. Components have been selected to reduce Soil Nailing and Surface Protection
contractor workload; a global network of factories
offers local product availability.
Maccaferri Mac.RO™ Systems are installed daily,
worldwide, in demanding applications, reassuring
clients with safe, cost effective and reliable natural
*Please note that deep-seated slope instability is covered hazard protection.
in other Maccaferri literature.
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There are many factors to consider when Product Detachment Zone Transit Zone Impact Zone Runout Zone
selecting appropriate interventions to
mitigate natural hazards. Understanding the Snow Fences
suitability and effectiveness of the systems Mesh Systems
and where they offer optimal performance is
Rockfall Barriers
important.
Debris Flow Barriers
Combinations of systems often provide the most
cost-effective solutions, where a balance is found Rockfall Embankments
between technical performance, risk, client value and
Soil Nailing
ease/safety of installation; one product cannot solve
all natural hazard problems.
Maccaferri offers a complete range of mesh polymer coated mesh, Steelgrid® HR and HEA panels
are available. The performance of these are often
systems for rockfall protection. Selection
necessary, especially in coastal applications.
of the optimum solution is based upon
the analysis of the project site conditions Solutions
(geology, topography, environment, static
Mesh is hung down the slope face
and dynamic loading conditions) and client from a secure top rope. Rock debris
requirements (design life, maintenance). Drapery
falling from the slope is contained
safely behind the mesh and collects
Maccaferri technical software MACRO 1, MACRO 2 at the toe of the slope. Periodic
and BIOS, enable designers to select the appropriate removal of collected debris is needed.
system and product type.
Like drapery, but the mesh system
Often the Serviceability Limit State sets the design Secured Drapery is enhanced by anchors (with or
criteria, in this case deformations and not breaking without face ropes) securing the
Surface
loads are to be considered, so stiffness is the key mesh back to the slope. Loads in the
Stabilisation
design parameter. Another important parameter is the system are transferred back to these
Pinned Drapery anchors, enhancing the stability of
punching resistance, which defines the resistance of
the slope.
the system to the pressure of a punching body.
Maccaferri’s wide variety of systems offer a range System Stiffness Strength
of values for both stiffness and punching resistance,
allowing designers to select the optimum solution. DT Mesh Moderate Moderate
Steelgrid® HR Very High High
Corrosion resistance of Maccaferri mesh systems is
provided by heavily galvanised steel with optional HEA Panels Extreme Very High
polymer coatings. For aggressive environments, the Ring Nets Low Extreme
strain performance with the lowest possible This reduces installation time on the rock face, and Multi-axial Multi-directional stress /
minimises material wastage. configuration strain performance
deformation.
Single rope
HEA Panels are used in secured drapery applications Low number of connections
architecture of main
where a low deflection and high strength system is provides robust product
Resistance Resistance to panel
required. Due to the multi-axial performance of the Type of junction
to tear (kN) pull apart (kN) Excellent containment of debris
panel, loads are transferred effectively to the anchors Flexible in 3 dimensions
and easy to install on site
on the slope face regardless of the anchor layout. HEA Panel 24.4 11.9
High tensile steel wire Market leading, lowest possible
High resistance cable construction deflection under load
13.5 8.0
clips Heavily galvanised
Long design life to suit project
Low resistance cables with optional
4.6 1.3 requirements
clips polymer coating
3 Soil box compression and tensile testing are carried out to simulate the action of anchor plates bearing upon the mesh and soil beneath.
When commercial, safety, access or other the barriers include features to make the installation
conditions prohibit the implementation of faster and safer, reducing time on site.
a solution within the Detachment Zone, Selection of the appropriate barrier is based upon
design and commercial analysis considering the type
barriers within the Transit or Impact
and volume of material to impact the barrier, the
zones can be very effective at protecting geological characterisation of the slope above and the
infrastructure. infrastructure to be protected.
This procedure enables the type, location, height and
capacity of the barrier to the determined.
Maccaferri offers a range of barriers to suit most
project problems;
Debris Flow barriers
Dynamic Rockfall barriers
Maccaferri dynamic rockfall barriers are available with
energy absorption capacity up to 8,600kJ.
The barriers are designed to progressively deflect
under loads absorbing the impact. A key feature
enabling this is the patented “compression brake” Limited slope space?
within all Maccaferri barriers; under impact the
Maccaferri can deliver dynamic rockfall barriers
brake is compressed, dissipating energy by plastic
deformation. without uphill anchors, saving costs and time
on site.
Maccaferri’s barriers have been developed in
conjunction with specialist contractors. Therefore,
Maccaferri’s dynamic rockfall barriers are A dynamic rockfall barrier system which has been
tested and certified in accordance with the tested in accordance with ETAG 027 provides
confidence to clients and designers that the rockfall
European Test and Approval Guideline 27
protection kit has been independently tested
(ETAG 27) of the European Organisation for and assessed, in accordance with a rigorous set
Technical Approvals (EOTA). of guidelines to ensure standards of quality and
performance.
Maccaferri has been awarded European Technical
Approval (ETA) for its range of barriers from 100kJ
to 8,600kJ energy absorption capacities. Subsequent
detailed verification of manufacturing, supply and
assembly systems has permitted the award of the
CE mark for the barrier systems.
During an impact a barrier deforms plastically. The
residual height of a barrier, after the maximum energy
level impact, is an important parameter to consider,
as a second (and a third...) rock could impact the Feature Benefit
barrier before maintenance; this is a direct indication Compression Brakes
of the residual capacity of the barrier to withstand Aluminium Easy to inspect for minor
The patented aluminium compression brakes
subsequent impacts. All Maccaferri rockfall barriers compression brakes impact
form a fundamental part of the energy
have been awarded the Class A classification absorption capability of the barrier. They are Aluminium Corrosion free and easy to
regarding residual height in accordance with ETAG 27. lightweight, corrosion resistant, easy to replace compression brakes replace post-impact
Barrier performance data, collected during the full and very simple to inspect visually for evidence Steps on posts Simple contractor access
scale impact tests required for ETAG 27, are used by of impacts, however minor.
Support struts on Easy to elevate posts to
engineers during the design process. post foot-plate vertical
Debris flows are highly mobile flows of mixed During a debris flow impact the barrier deforms,
dissipating the hydraulic pressure leaving the water
material and are triggered by the rapid build-
to pass through it whilst retaining the solid part of
up of water within the slope, saturating the debris flow. The main parameter of the process
the ground. Debris flows can travel at high is the pressure (dynamic and static) exerted upon the
speeds and contain huge volumes of material barrier by the impacting debris flow. Maccaferri offers
different barriers, able to withstand different levels
and consequently pose a high risk to people, of pressure, maintaining the structural integrity and
property and infrastructure. securing the downstream infrastructure.
The DF Barriers are customised to suit the dimensions The cost of replacing components is a minor
of the project, the anticipated debris material and the consideration compared to emptying the debris from
expected volume of the flow. the barrier, or cleaning up after a debris flow event
which has not been stopped by a barrier.
When the capacity of dynamic rockfall FEM analysis has been used to design Maccaferri
reinforced soil embankments offering a capacity of
barriers is not sufficient, earth embankments
20,000kJ.
and bunds are commonly used as protection
Given enough space, almost unlimited energy
from natural hazards; landslides, rockfalls, absorption capacities are achievable.
avalanches and more.
Maccaferri soil reinforcement systems
Until recently, the dimensions of the footprint of these Terramesh®
embankments have been limited by the geotechnical
Green Terramesh®
parameters of the material used to construct the
embankment. With over 30 years of geogrid and Paragrid® & Paradrain®
geosynthetic knowledge, Maccaferri has significant MacGrid® WG
expertise in the use of soil reinforcement. Using Duna® System
Maccaferri’s soil reinforcement solutions to construct
rockfall embankments has numerous advantages: Embankment benefits
Our snow fences up to 4.5m high have been approved by the Swiss Federal Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research in Davos – SFISAR
“Swiss Guidelines for avalanche control structures in the starting zone”, 2006.
Soil nailing is a technique that can be used Maccaferri’s numerous rockfall mitigation and erosion Functions of the facing system;
protection systems provide solutions (either stand-
both on natural and excavated slopes, where
Protects the exposed surface from erosion
alone or in combination) for the local surface stability
the slope is reinforced by the insertion of including;
Provides stability while vegetation grows
tendons.
Reinforcing flexible facings: DT mesh, HEA Panels,
Connects the unstable surficial layers with the
stabilised deep slope
These nails address the global slope stability and are SteelGrid® HR, MacMat® R, MacMat® HS.
connected to a facing system which provides surficial Functions of the soil nailing system;
To prevent ongoing erosion of the slope face between
stability. The facing system can be rigid, flexible the soil nails, it is important to vegetate the slope
Enhance the deep-seated stability of the slope
or even a structural revegetating system such as with appropriate indigenous plant species. Once
Provide long-term reinforcement of the slope
MacMat® R. established, vegetation will continue to provide
Be connected to the suitable facing system
The facing system restrains the superficial portion of surface erosion protection. Due consideration must
the slope which can mobilise between the anchors, be given to the capability of the slope to sustain
vegetation in terms of nutrients, moisture content and Slope with nails and mesh
potentially destabilising the overall slope.
aspect (facing direction). The growth of vegetation will
Where high performance and revegetation are also be able to increase the slope superficial stability.
required, the innovative MacMat® HS, combines
the reinforcing benefits of Steelgrid® HR and a Maccaferri has also developed a range of products
(bolts, facing accessories) to fulfil the specific
ACCESSORIES STEP 1
Available in a variety of diameters, steel strengths and
corrosion protection treatments including electrolytic
Bar strength, steel type or hot dipped galvanised, epoxy coated or with
& corrosion protection double corrosion protection. Couplers, perforated
drill liners and plates are available to suit the project
Maccaferri also offers a variety of requirements.
accessories, specifically selected for their Mac.RO™ Double Corrosion Protection bars (in
compatibility with the range of rockfall accordance with EN 1537) feature high resistance
STEP 2 continuous threaded bars protected with a cement
mitigation solutions. Clients can select Various drill bits mortar layer encapsulated within a 1.2 mm thick
whether they require a package solution, or to suit ground corrugated HDPE sheath.
individual components to suit the project and conditions
local relationships.
STEP 4
Plates & Nuts
Not all accessories are available in all Maccaferri companies worldwide. Please consult your local Maccaferri office for more information.
+ In 2014, Maccaferri and Bekaert entered a global sales and distribution joint venture: Bekaert Maccaferri Underground Solutions serves all markets except China, Hong
F: +44 (0) 1865 774550 F: +(39) 051 643 6201
E: [email protected] E: [email protected]
www.maccaferri.com/uk www.maccaferri.com
Kong, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. In these countries the companies act independently.
OFFICINE MACCAFERRI GROUP PROFILE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
Founded in 1879, Officine Maccaferri soon became a technical Officine Maccaferri is at the heart of the Maccaferri Industrial Group,
reference in the design and development of solutions for hydraulic a corporation with revenues of €1.2B, operating in mechanical
works and retaining structures. engineering, real estate & construction, energy, food & agro-industry
and tobacco.
Since then, through technological innovation, geographical
expansion and focussed diversification, Maccaferri now offers Officine Maccaferri’s vision is to become a leading international provider
solutions at a global level for a wide range of civil, geotechnical and of advanced solutions to the civil engineering and construction market.
environmental engineering applications. With nearly 3000 employees, over 30 manufacturing facilities and local
operations in 100 countries around the world, Maccaferri can truly claim
to have a global presence with local focus.
MACCAFERRI APPLICATIONS
RETAINING WALLS SOIL STABILISATION
DRAINAGE OF STRUCTURES FENCING & WIRE
& SOIL REINFORCEMENT & PAVEMENTS