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Macromolecule Summary Chart - Completed

The document provides a summary chart of macromolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. For each macromolecule, it lists the monomer subunits and type of bond between monomers, examples of different types, and their main functions. Carbohydrates are made of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds and include monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Lipids are made of glycerol and fatty acids linked by ester bonds, including fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes. Proteins are made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds and have globular or fibrous structures with diverse functions. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides

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Layma Rashid
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278 views2 pages

Macromolecule Summary Chart - Completed

The document provides a summary chart of macromolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. For each macromolecule, it lists the monomer subunits and type of bond between monomers, examples of different types, and their main functions. Carbohydrates are made of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds and include monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Lipids are made of glycerol and fatty acids linked by ester bonds, including fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes. Proteins are made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds and have globular or fibrous structures with diverse functions. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides

Uploaded by

Layma Rashid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACROMOLECULE SUMMARY CHART

Macromolecule Monomer(s) / Types of this Functions


Subunit(s) macromolecule and (make sure they correspond
and example(s) for each type. to the type)
Name of bond between
adjacent monomers

Carbohydrates -Monosaccharides 1) Monosaccharides Energy molecules


(glucose, galactose)

2) Disaccharides Energy molecules


-Glycosidic linkage (sucrose, lactose)

(aka ether linkage)


3) Polysaccharides
Starch / Glycogen Long-term energy storage

Cellulose Structural component of


plant cell wall

Chitin component of
exoskeletons and cell
walls of fungi

Lipids 1) Fats Long-term energy storage.


- Glycerol and fatty Insulation, protection and
(triglycerides:
acids cushioning of organs.
vegetable oil, animal
fat)

-Ester linkage 2) Phospholipids Amphophilic nature allows


them to form membranes.

3) Steroids Maintains fluidity of


-Cholesterol membrane,

-Hormones cell signaling molecules


(Estrogen / (communication between
Testosterone) cells)

4) Waxes Reduce water loss


Macromolecule Monomer(s) / Types of this Functions
Subunit(s) macromolecule and (make sure they correspond
and example(s) for each type. to the type)
Name of bond between
adjacent monomers

Proteins Amino Acids 3D SHAPE


DETERMINES FUNCTION!

Extremely diverse
1) Globular molecules. With a huge
(Enzymes and variety of different
Peptide bonds molecular machines) functions from chemical
catalysts to structural
building blocks.

Enzymes regulate nearly


all cell functions

2) Fibrous Diverse array of molecules


-Keratin often used for structure
-Fibrinogen
-Actin/Myosin
-Silk

Nucleotides
Nucleic Acids 1) DNA Genetic code/ heredity
(phosphate group,
N-containing base,
sugar) 2) RNA Protein synthesis

mRNA Copy of a genes


3’-5’
phosphodiester
bonds tRNA Delivers AAs to ribosome

rRNA Part of ribosomes

snRNA modifies mRNA in nucleus

3) ATP Cellular Energy molecule

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