Scribd
Upload
377 views35 pages

MATH 101 M-Relations Functions

This document discusses relations and functions. It defines relations as a correspondence between two sets that creates ordered pairs, with a domain and range. Functions are defined as a special type of relation where each domain value is paired with exactly one range value. The document discusses different types of relations like one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-one. It also covers evaluating and performing operations on functions. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like determining if a relation is a function and evaluating, adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, and composing functions.

Uploaded by

Daisy Marie A. Rosel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
377 views35 pages

MATH 101 M-Relations Functions

This document discusses relations and functions. It defines relations as a correspondence between two sets that creates ordered pairs, with a domain and range. Functions are defined as a special type of relation where each domain value is paired with exactly one range value. The document discusses different types of relations like one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-one. It also covers evaluating and performing operations on functions. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like determining if a relation is a function and evaluating, adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, and composing functions.

Uploaded by

Daisy Marie A. Rosel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

“Relations & Functions”

Prepared by: Noynay, Mary May M.


Objectives:
• Determine a relation & a function;

• Evaluate functions;

• Perform Operations on Functions;


Pic-Math Word Activity

D
+
O
-E

D O MA I N
Pic-Math Word Activity

+ GE
-I

R A N G E
Pic-Math Word Activity

- TO -

ONE- TO - ONE
Pic-Math Word Activity

+C+ +

FUNC T I ON
Pic-Math Word Activity

RE L AT I ON
Pic-Math Word Activity

- TO -
-N
ON E - T O - M A N Y
Pic-Math Word Activity

- TO -
-N

MANY- TO - ONE
RELATIONS

Parents and children


Teachers and Students
Employers and employees
Things bought and the cost
Amount paid and number of things bought
RELATIONS
• A correspondence between two things or
quantities.
• A rule that pairs each element in one set
called the domain, with one or more
elements from a second set called the
range.
• It creates a set of ordered pairs (x and y).

• Ex. R = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (5, 10)}
RELATIONS
Domain
- The set of first values (inputs) in
the ordered pair.
- usually represented as x.
Range
- The set of second values (outputs) in
the ordered pair.
- usually represented as y.
RELATIONS
Domain

{(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (5, 10)}

Range
Domain: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Range: {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
Relations
{(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8)}
Domain Range
(X) (Y)

1 2
2 4
3 6
4 8

Domain (X) 1 2 3 4
Range (Y) 2 4 6 8
Types of Relations
1. One-to-One Relation
This means that for every value
of domain (x), there will be a unique value
of range (y). Domain Range
(X) (Y)

Lapu-lapu
Mayor Ahong
City
Mayor Labella Cebu City

Mayor Cortes Mandaue


City
Types of Relations
2. One-to-Many Relation
- One element of the domain (x) is
paired more than one element of range (y).
Domain Range
(X) (Y)

1 4
6
8
Types of Relations
3.Many-to-One Relation
- More than one element of domain
(x) is paired to the same element of range
(y).
Domain (X) Range (Y)

1
2
3 6
4
Functions
• A relation such that each element of the
domain is paired exactly one element of
the range.

• No two ordered pairs have the same first


coordinate (x- values should not repeat).
Ex. 1. {(0, 1), (2, 4) , (3, 6)} Ex. 2. {(0, 1), (0, 4) , (3, 6)}
Domain: {0, 2, 3} Domain: {0, 3}
Range: {1, 4, 6} Range: {1, 4, 6}
One-to-One One-to-Many
Function Not a Function

Ex. 3. {(0, 1), (2, 1) , (3, 1)}


Domain: {0, 2, 3}
Range: {1}
Many-to-One
Function
Remember:
“All functions are relations but
not all relations are functions.”
One to one
Many to one FUNCTION
One to many NOT A
FUNCTION
Determine if the given is a function
or not a function.
1. 2.

Function Function
3. 4.

Not a Function Not a Function


Determine if the given is a function
or not a function.
5. {(4, 8), (5, 10), (6, 12)} Function
6.
Not a
Function
Determine all the graphs
that is a function.

Graph A and B
Functions Notation
y = f(x)
The notation y = f(x) defines a function named f.
This is read as “y is a function of x.” The
letter x represents the input value, or independent
variable. The letter y, or f(x), represents the output
value, or dependent variable.

y = 2x + 1
f(x) = 2x + 1
Evaluating Functions
• The functional notation y = f(x) allows to
denote specific values of a function.

• To evaluate a function is to substitute the


specified values of the independent variable in
the formula and simplify.
Evaluating Functions
Example 1. When f(x) = 2x – 3,
a. Find f(2).
f(2) = 2(2) – 3
=4–3
f(2) = 1
b. Find f(1/2).
1
f(1/2) = 2( ) –3
2
=1–3
f(1/2) = - 2
Operations on Functions
1. Sum : (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)
2. Difference : (f - g)(x) = f(x) - g(x)
3. Product : (f •g)(x) = f(x) • g(x)
𝑓 𝑓(𝑥)
4. Quotient : (𝑔)(x) = ; g(x)≠0
𝑔(𝑥)
5. Composition: (f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x))
Example: If f(x) = 8 – 3x and g(x) = 5 – x, find:
a. (f + g)(x) b. (f – g)(2) c. (f •g)(x)
𝑓
d. ( )(1) e. f(g(x))
𝑔

Solutions:
a. (f + g)(x) = 8 – 3x + 5 – x c. (f •g)(x) = (8 – 3x)(5 – x) 2
(f + g)(x) = 13 – 4x = 40 – 8x – 15x + 3𝑥
(f •g)(x) = 40 – 23x + 3𝒙
𝟐

b. (f – g)(2) = 8 – 3x – (5 – x) 𝑓 8 −3𝑥
= 8 – 3x – 5 + x
d. (𝑔)(1)= 5 −𝑥
= 3 – 2x 8 −3(1)
(f – g)(2) = 3 – 2(2) =
5 −(1)
=3–4 𝒇 𝟓
(f – g)(2) = -1 ( )(1) =
𝒈 𝟒
Continuation:

Example: If f(x) = 8 – 3x and g(x) = 5 – x,


find:
a. (f + g)(x) b. (f – g)(2) c. (f •g)(x)
𝑓
d. (𝑔)(1) e. f(g(x))

e. f(g(x)) = 8 – 3x
= 8 – 3(5 – x)
= 8 – 15 + 3x
f(g(x)) = -7 + 3x
Let’s Practice!
1. Evaluate the given function if f(x) = 2𝑥 2 - 3x + 5,
find: b.) f(-3) = 2(−3)2 - 3(-3) + 5
a. f(4) = 2(9) + 9 + 5
b. f(-3) = 18 + 14
f(-3) = 32
c. f(5)
a.) f(4) = 2(4)2 - 3(4) + 5 c.) f(5) = 2(5)2 - 3(5) + 5
= 2(16) -12 + 5 = 2(25) -15 + 5
= 32 – 7 = 50 – 10
f(4) = 25 f(5) = 40
Let’s Practice!
2. If f(x) = 8 – 2x and g(x) = 6 - 2𝑥 2 ,
find:
a. (f + g)(2) a. (f + g)(2) = 8 – 2x + 6 – 2𝑥 2

b. (f - g)(1) = 14 – 2x – 2𝑥 2

c. (f ∘ g)(x) = 14 – 2(2) – 2(2) 2

𝑓 = 14 – 4 – 8
d. 𝑔
(−1) (f + g)(2) = 2
b. (f - g)(1) = 8 – 2x – (6 – 2𝑥 2 )
= 8 – 2x – 6 + 2𝑥 2
= 2 – 2x + 2𝑥 2
= 2 – 2(1) + 2(1)2
=2–2+2
(f - g)(1) = 2
Continuation:

Let’s Practice!
2. If f(x) = 8 – 2x and g(x) = 6 - 2𝑥 2 , find:
a. (f + g)(2) c. f(g(x)) = 8 – 2x
b. (f - g)(1) = 8 – 2(6 - 2𝑥 2 )
c. (f ∘ g)(x) f(g(x)) = 8 – 12 + 4𝒙 𝟐

𝑓 8 −2𝑥
d. 𝑔
(−1) d.
𝑓
−1 =
𝑔 6 − 2𝑥 2
8 −2(−1)
=
6 − 2(−1)2
𝟖+𝟐
= 𝟔 −𝟐
𝑓 𝟏𝟎 𝟓
−1 = 𝒐𝒓
𝑔 𝟒 𝟐
Note:
Assignment will be posted on our LMS.

You might also like