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Module 1 - Lecture 2

The document describes a 10-step methodology for conducting a detailed energy audit. The steps include: 1) planning and organizing an audit team, 2) conducting a walkthrough and gathering initial data, 3) gathering primary energy usage data through surveys, monitoring, and experiments, 4) analyzing energy use, 5) identifying potential energy conservation opportunities, 6) conducting cost-benefit analyses of opportunities, 7) reporting findings and recommendations to management, 8) assisting with implementation of recommendations, 9) ongoing monitoring, and 10) periodic review. The goal is to comprehensively evaluate current energy usage, identify savings opportunities, and assist in implementing and tracking measures to reduce energy consumption and costs.

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56 views

Module 1 - Lecture 2

The document describes a 10-step methodology for conducting a detailed energy audit. The steps include: 1) planning and organizing an audit team, 2) conducting a walkthrough and gathering initial data, 3) gathering primary energy usage data through surveys, monitoring, and experiments, 4) analyzing energy use, 5) identifying potential energy conservation opportunities, 6) conducting cost-benefit analyses of opportunities, 7) reporting findings and recommendations to management, 8) assisting with implementation of recommendations, 9) ongoing monitoring, and 10) periodic review. The goal is to comprehensively evaluate current energy usage, identify savings opportunities, and assist in implementing and tracking measures to reduce energy consumption and costs.

Uploaded by

jbb_sit
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUBJECT: ENERGY MANAGEMENT & AUDIT

CODE : EE 801C

Module 1 : Energy Management & Audit


Lecture 2
Energy Audit Methodology

Procedure for doing the energy audit varies according to the type of the audit. The methodology adopted
for the energy audit is presented below.

Ten Steps Methodology for Detailed Energy Audit

Step no. Plan of Action Purpose / Results

Phase I - Pre-audit Phase


 Resource planning, Establish / organize a
Energy audit team
 Plan and organise
 Organize Instruments & time frame
Step 1  Walk through Audit
 Macro Data collection (suitable to type of
 Informal Interview with Energy Manager,
industry.)
Production / Plant Manager
 Familiarization of process/plant activities
 Building up cooperation
 Conduct of brief meeting / awareness
Step 2  Issue questionnaire for each department
programme with all divisional heads and
 Orientation, awareness creation
persons concerned (2-3 hrs.)

Phase II - Audit Phase


 Historic data analysis, Baseline data collection
Step 3  Primary data gathering, Process Flow  Prepare process flow charts
Diagram, & Energy Utility Diagram  All service utilities system diagram (Example:
Single line power distribution diagram, water,
compressed air & steam distribution.)
 Design, operating data, and schedule of
operation
 Annual Energy Bill and energy consumption
pattern (Refer manual, log sheet, name plate,
interview)
 Measurements :
Motor survey, Insulation, and Lighting survey
Step 4 with portable instruments for collection of
 Conduct survey and monitoring
more and accurate data. Confirm and compare
operating data with design data.
 Trials/Experiments:
- 24 hours power monitoring (MD, PF,
kWh etc.).
- Load variations trends in pumps, fan
Step 5  Conduct of detailed trials /experiments
compressors etc.
for selected energy guzzlers
- Boiler/Efficiency trials for (4 – 8 hours)
- Furnace Efficiency trials
Equipment’s Performance experiments etc
 Energy and Material balance & energy
Step 6  Analysis of energy use loss/waste analysis
 Identification & Consolidation of Energy
Conservation (ENCON) measures
 Conceive, develop, and refine ideas
 Review the previous ideas suggested by unit
personal
Step 7  Identification and development of Energy
 Review the previous ideas suggested by
Conservation (ENCON) opportunities
energy audit if any
 Use brainstorming and value analysis
techniques
 Contact vendors for new/efficient technology
 Assess technical feasibility, economic viability
and prioritization of ENCON options for
Step 8 implementation
 Cost benefit analysis
 Select the most promising projects
 Prioritise by low, medium, long term measures
 Documentation, Report Presentation to the top
Step 9  Reporting & Presentation to the Top
Management.
Management

Phase III - Post-Audit Phase


Assist and Implement ENCON recommendation
measures and Monitor the performance
Step 10  Implementation and Follow up
 Action plan, Schedule for implementation
 Follow-up and periodic review
Energy management (audit) approach
Business, industry, and government
organizations have all been under tremendous
economic and environmental pressures in the
last few years. Being economically
competitive in the global marketplace and
meeting increasing environmental standards to
reduce air and water pollution have been the
major driving factors in most of the recent
operational cost and capital cost investment
decisions for all organizations. Energy
management has been an important tool to
help organizations meet these critical
objectives for their short-term survival and
long-term success.

For successful implementation of Energy Management program All the components of a comprehensive
energy management program are depicted in Figure above. These components are the organizational
structure, a policy, and plans for audits, education, reporting, and strategy. It is hoped that by
understanding the fundamentals of managing energy, the energy manager can then adapt a good
working program to the existing organizational structure. Each component is discussed in detail below.

Organizational Structure
The organizational chart for energy management shown in Figure is generic. It must be adapted to fit
into an existing structure for each organization.

Energy Manager
One important part of an energy management program is to have top management support. More
important, however, is the selection of the energy manager, who can among other things secure this
support. The person selected for this position should be one with a vision of what managing energy can
do for the company.

Energy Team
The coordinators shown in Figure represent the energy management team within one given
organizational structure, such as one company within a corporation. This group is the core of the
program. There should be a representative from the administrative group such as accounting or
purchasing, someone from facilities and/or maintenance, and a representative from each major
department.
This energy team of coordinators should be appointed for a specific time period, such as one year.

Employees
Employees are shown as a part of the organizational structure and are perhaps the greatest untapped
resource in an energy management program. A structured method of soliciting their ideas for more
efficient use of energy will prove to be the most productive effort of the energy management program. A
good energy manager will devote 20% of total time working with employees. Too many times employee
involvement is limited to posters that say, “Save Energy.”
Energy Policy
A well written energy policy that has been authorized by management is as good as the proverbial
license to steal. To be effective, the policy should be short—two pages at most containing the following
items as a minimum:
 Objectives—this can contain the flag statements about energy, but the most important is that the
organization will incorporate energy efficiency into facilities and new equipment, with emphasis
on life cycle cost analysis rather than lowest initial cost.
 Accountability—This should establish the organizational structure and the authority for the
energy manager, coordinators, and any committees or task groups.
 Reporting—Without authority from top management, it is often difficult for the energy manager
to require others within the organization to comply with reporting requirements necessary to
properly manage energy.
 Training—If training requirements are established in the policy, it is again easier to include this
in budgets. It should include training at all levels within the organization.

Many companies, rather than a comprehensive policy encompassing all the features described above,
choose to go with a simpler policy statement.

Figure shows typical energy policy statement of an organisation.

Planning
Planning is one of the most important parts of the energy management program. It has two major
functions in the program. First, a good plan can be a shield from disruptions. Second, by scheduling
events throughout the year, continuous emphasis can be applied to the energy management program and
will play a major role in keeping the program active.

Audit Planning
A detail planning should be prepared prior to the actual audits. The planning should include types of
audits to be performed, team makeup, and dates.
By making the audits specific rather than general in nature, much more energy can be saved. Examples
of some types of audits that might be considered are:
• Tuning-Operation-Maintenance (TOM)
• Compressed air
• Motors
• Lighting
• Steam system
• Water
• Controls
• HVAC
• Employee suggestions

Educational Planning
A major part of the energy manager’s job is to provide some energy education to persons within the
organization. In spite of the fact that we have been concerned with it for the past two decades, there is
still a sea of ignorance concerning energy.
A systematic approach for involving employees should start with some basic training in energy. This
will produce a much higher quality of ideas from them. Employees place a high value on training, so a
side benefit is that morale goes up.

Strategic Planning
Developing an objective, strategies, programs, and action items constitutes strategic planning for the
energy management program. It is the last but perhaps the most important step in the process of
developing the program.

Reporting
There is no generic form to that can be used for reporting. The reporting system has to be customized to
suit individual circumstances. And, while reporting is not always the most glamorous part of managing
energy, it can contribute to the program by providing the bottom line on its effectiveness. It can be a tool
for promoting the program.

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