Covid 19

The document provides instructions for making hand sanitizer by mixing ethanol or isopropyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide and glycerol in a 10 liter bottle or tank, then dividing the solution into smaller bottles. Proper sanitization requires allowing at least 72 hours after filling the smaller bottles before use to destroy any spores present. The World Health Organization recommends this formulation and process for small volume production of hand sanitizer.

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Covid 19

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Egi Likardo

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Nama: Dita Cahayani Septiriana

Npm : 1926010008
Kelas :Keperawatan 1A

Try to keep information simple and remind them that health and school officials are working hard to
keep everyone safe and healthy.

What is COVID-19?

COVID-19 is the short name for “coronavirus disease 2019.” It is a new virus. Doctors and scientists are
still learning about it.
Recently, this virus has made a lot of people sick. Scientists and doctors think that most people will be
ok, especially kids, but some people might get pretty sick.
Doctors and health experts are working hard to help people stay healthy.

What can I do so that I don’t get COVID-19?

You can practice healthy habits at home, school, and play to help protect against the spread of COVID-
19:
Cough or sneeze into a tissue or your elbow. If you sneeze or cough into a tissue, throw it in the trash
right away.
Keep your hands out of your mouth, nose, and eyes. This will help keep germs out of your body.
Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Follow these five steps—wet, lather
(make bubbles), scrub (rub together), rinse and dry. You can sing the “Happy Birthday” song twice.
If you don’t have soap and water, have an adult help you use a special hand cleaner.
Keep things clean. Older children can help adults at home and school clean the things we touch the
most, like desks, doorknobs, light switches, and remote controls. (Note for adults: you can find more
information about cleaning and disinfecting on CDC’s website.)
If you feel sick, stay home. Just like you don’t want to get other people’s germs in your body, other
people don’t want to get your germs either.

What happens if you get sick with COVID-19?

COVID-19 can look different in different people. For many people, being sick with COVID-19 would be a
little bit like having the flu. People can get a fever, cough, or have a hard time taking deep breaths. Most
people who have gotten COVID-19 have not gotten very sick. Only a small group of people who get it
have had more serious problems. From what doctors have seen so far, most children don’t seem to get
very sick. While a lot of adults get sick, most adults get better.
If you do get sick, it doesn’t mean you have COVID-19. People can get sick from all kinds of germs.
What’s important to remember is that if you do get sick, the adults at home and school will help get you
any help that you need.
If you suspect your child may have COVID-19, call the healthcare facility to let them know before you
bring your child in to see them.
How to make hand sanitizer by WHO

Materials required (small volume production)

REAGENTS FOR REAGENTS FOR FORMULATION 1: FORMULATION 2:
• 10-litre glass or plastic bottles with screw-threaded stoppers ( 1 ), or
• 50-litre plastic tanks (preferably in polypropylene or high density
polyethylene, translucent so as to see the liquid level) ( 2 ), or
• Stainless steel tanks with a capacity of 80–100 litres
(for mixing without overflowing) ( 3 , 4 )
• Wooden, plastic or metal paddles for mixing ( 5 )
• Measuring cylinders and measuring jugs ( 6 , 7 )
• Plastic or metal funnel
• 100 ml plastic bottles with leak-proof tops ( 8 )
• 500 ml glass or plastic bottles with screw tops ( 8 )
• An alcoholometer: the temperature scale is at the bottom and the ethanol concentration (percentage
v/v) at the top

Step by step preparation:

FORMULATION 2
1. The alcohol for the formula to be used is poured into the large bottle or tank up to the graduated
mark.
2. Hydrogen peroxide is added using the measuring cylinder.
• Ethanol 96%: 8333 ml
• Hydrogen peroxide 3%: 417 ml • Glycerol 98%: 145 ml
• Isopropyl alcohol 99.8%: 7515 ml
• Hydrogen peroxide 3%: 417 ml • Glycerol 98%: 145 ml
3. Glycerol is added using a measuring cylinder. As glycerol is very viscous and sticks to the wall of the
measuring cylinder, it should be rinsed with some sterile distilled or cold boiled water and then emptied
into the bottle/tank.
4. The bottle/tank is then topped up to the 10-litre mark with sterile distilled or cold boiled water.
5. The lid or the screw cap
is placed on the tank/bottle as soon as possible after preparation, in order to prevent evaporation.
6. The solution is mixed by shaking gently where appropriate or by using a paddle.
7. Immediately divide up the solution into its final containers (e.g. 500 or 100 ml plastic bottles), and
place the bottles in quarantine for 72 hours before use. This allows time for any spores present in the
alcohol or the new/re-used bottles to be destroyed.