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Hydrocephalus Pathophysiology

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of non-communicating congenital hydrocephalus. It begins by outlining predisposing and precipitating factors. It then describes how obstruction of CSF flow between ventricles leads to increased pressure and ventricle dilation. If left untreated, this causes brain damage and complications that can lead to death. Treatment involves ventricular shunting or endoscopic procedures, but carries risks of complications. With treatment, outcomes include learning disabilities and neurological deficits, while untreated the condition will continue to damage the brain until death.

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Rose Lyn Camarista Velasco
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224 views3 pages

Hydrocephalus Pathophysiology

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of non-communicating congenital hydrocephalus. It begins by outlining predisposing and precipitating factors. It then describes how obstruction of CSF flow between ventricles leads to increased pressure and ventricle dilation. If left untreated, this causes brain damage and complications that can lead to death. Treatment involves ventricular shunting or endoscopic procedures, but carries risks of complications. With treatment, outcomes include learning disabilities and neurological deficits, while untreated the condition will continue to damage the brain until death.

Uploaded by

Rose Lyn Camarista Velasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS: PRECIPITATING FACTORS:


-Genetics -Prematurity - Infection
- Age -Hemmorhage – Tumor
- Idiopathic

CSF forms in the Choroid


plexus of the lateral ventricles

CSF flows from the Foramen of


Monro to the third ventricle

Obstruction in the aqueduct of


Sylvius due to incomplete
formation of the lateral and
medial foramina

Dilatation of the third and


lateral ventricles

Obstruction of CSF flow Increased intraventricular


through the ventricular system pressure and dilatation of
pathways proximal to the site
of obstruction

Ventricles enlarge at the


expend of brain parenchyma

Continued enlargement
disrupts the ventricular
lining and then the
underlying white matter
Increase in water content
due to transpendymal flow
of CSF from elevated Bulging and protrution of
intraventricular and the eyes ; sunset eyes
intracranial pressure

Edematous
parenchyma
becomes spongy

Interhemispheric fissure
become elongated and
thinned out

Expansion of the
skull and thinning Axonal and myelin
and atrophy destruction

Contraction of the
cerebral blood Enlarged head, bulging
volume fontanelle, shiny scalp,
dilated scalp veins

Alteration of
cerebral circulation

Irritability, lethargy,
sleepiness, reduced CSF circulation is
activity, drowsiness altered

Diagnostic
Exams
Level II CT Scan
Ultasonography
MRI
NON-
COMMUNICATING
CONGENITAL
HYDROCEPHALUS

Complications may arise after


Surgical Management shunting :

Obstruction
a.)Ventricular shunting Overdrainage
b.) Endoscopic Third Infection
Ventriculostomy
And if not treated by the
physician…

IF TREATED: IF UNTREATED:
PROGNOSIS
-Learning disabilities -Decompensatory
mechanisms may continue
-Memory deficits to occur:

-Psychological
deficits
a. Decreased Cerebral
-Motor Skill Perfusion
disabilities b. Decreased PO2 leading to
Hypoxia
-Vision problems c. Brain Damage

-Hearing difficulties,

-Seizures, and

-Hormonal
imbalances

DEATH

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