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Equine Repro Notes

Horses have been domesticated as beasts of burden, companions, and means of transportation. Their reproduction involves estrus cycles in mares that can last from 21-24 days, with ovulation occurring at the end of estrus. A variety of hormones regulate the mare's reproductive cycles and ability to breed. Successful breeding programs require understanding the stallion and mare reproductive anatomy and processes, as well as managing factors like nutrition, health, and exercise that impact fertility.

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David Johnson
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172 views1 page

Equine Repro Notes

Horses have been domesticated as beasts of burden, companions, and means of transportation. Their reproduction involves estrus cycles in mares that can last from 21-24 days, with ovulation occurring at the end of estrus. A variety of hormones regulate the mare's reproductive cycles and ability to breed. Successful breeding programs require understanding the stallion and mare reproductive anatomy and processes, as well as managing factors like nutrition, health, and exercise that impact fertility.

Uploaded by

David Johnson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Since their domestication, horses have served mankind as beasts of burden, _________
animals, and means of _____________.
2. The ______________horse has tremendous speed over short distances while the thorough
bred has the ____________ to run longer distances.
3. One characteristic that has not been exposed to strong selection practices is ____________
____________.
4. Speed, ______________, and appearance have been the major criteria for selection in the
past.
5. Color, age, and sex should be a matter of ___________ ___________.
6. Horses are very receptive to _____________ and have a strong desire to please.
7. ______________ in the mare is very complicated.
8. The ____________ is a well developed muscular ring with many folds.
9. Following urination or during estrus the muscles in the __________will contract and expose
the clitoris.
10. The normal estrus cycles lasts approximately ________ to _________ days.
11. These mares have a definite _________ season and a definite anestrus or nonbreeding
season.
12. ______________ occurs at the end of estrus rather than at the beginning.
13. ____________ ____________ hormone causes the follicles on the ovaries to grow and
produce the female hormone estrogen.
14. The __________ will allow the stallion to sniff and nuzzle her and even bite her neck, flank,
and perennial region.
15. The ____________ is the most important part of successful breeding program.
16. The ______________ are the site of sperm production. 17. The accessory glands include
the _____________ glands, the bulbourethral glands, and the ____________ glands.
18. The process of sperm production takes about ___________ days from initial formation of
the sperm cell until the cells are mature and ready to fertilize the egg.
19. Season of the year has an important effect on __________ production.
20. ____________ involves the exposure of the mares to a stallion.
21. The optimal breeding time is just prior to ___________.
22. After collection, the semen is evaluated for ____________, ___________ and
______________.
23. The most common method for determination of pregnancy is _________ __________.
24. The mare should be kept in an area where she can get ______________ exercise.
25. The ____________ begin forming at the top and bottom and grow together.
26. There may be complications during gestation that can result in __________ _________ or
even ___________.
27. The sex of the foal can have a significant effect on the __________ of gestation.
28. This first milk provides the foal with __________ to the diseases to which the mare has
been exposed.
29. A basic understanding of the processes involved in equine reproduction should allow
producers to increase _____________ ______________in their herds.

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