8
Mathematics
Quarter IV-Week 1
Learning Activity Sheets (LAS)
Illustrating Theorems on Triangle Inequalities
(Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem, Triangle
Inequality Theorem, Hinge Theorem)
Applying Theorems on Triangle Inequalities
Writer:
FLORAME A. MELANO
San Isidro National High School
SDO-Siargao
GOVERNMENT PROPERTY
NOT FOR SALE
Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)
Illustrates theorems on triangle inequalities (Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem,
Triangle Inequality Theorem, Hinge Theorem).
Applies theorems on triangle inequalities.
Learning Objective:
After going through this Learning Activity Sheet (LAS), you are expected to:
1. States and illustrates properties of inequalities both for real numbers and
geometric figures (line segments and angles);
2. States and illustrates Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem;
3. Illustrates Triangle Inequality Theorem and generates its related theorems,
4. Explains Hinge Theorem and its converse,
5. Uses Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem in solving problems related to triangle
inequalities,
6. Applies Triangle Inequality Theorem in solving problems related to triangle
inequalities,
7. Solves problems involving triangle inequalities using Side – Angle and Angle
– Side Inequality theorems; and
8. Evaluates problems on triangle inequalities using Hinge Theorem and its
converse.
Time Allotment: 5 hours
Key Concepts
Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the
measure of either remote interior angles. This rule is satisfied by all the six
external angles of a triangle.
In the image above, we can see that angle ACD is an external angle. So,
m∠ ACD> m∠ CAB and m∠ ACD> m∠CBA
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Triangle Inequality Theorem
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the
length of the third side.
a+ b>c
a+ c> b
b+ c> a
Let us investigate if the statement above is true based on the given
illustration.
Assuming that the measure of each side are the following: a = 3, b = 4, and
c=6
Then a + b ¿ c 3+4¿6 True
a + c ¿b 3+6¿4 True
b+c¿a 4+6¿3 True
(https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/triangle-inequality.html#inequality)
Now let us learn how to solve problems related to triangle inequalities using
exterior angle inequality theorem.
Find the values of x and y in the following triangle.
Solution:
x + 50° = 92° (sum of opposite interior angles = exterior angle)
x = 92° – 50° = 42°
y + 92° = 180° (interior angle + adjacent exterior angle = 180°.)
y = 180° – 92° = 88°
(https://study.com/academy/lesson/theorems-of-inequality.html#:~:text=The%20 ex
terior%2angle20inequality%20theorem,external%20angles%20of%20a%20triangle.)
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Angle-Side Relationship Theorem states that:
In a triangle, the side opposite the larger angle is the longer side.
In a triangle, the angle opposite the longer side is the larger angle.
Example : Compare the lengths of the sides of the following triangle.
Solution:
Step1: We need to find the size of the third angle. The sum of all the angles in
any triangle is 180º.
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
⇒ ∠A + 30° + 65° = 180°
⇒ ∠A = 180° - 95°
⇒ ∠A = 85°
Step 2: Looking at the relative sizes of the angles.
∠B < ∠C < ∠A
Step 3: Following the angle-side relationship we can order the sides
accordingly. Remember it is the side opposite the angle.
Answer:
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/triangle-inequality.html
The Hinge Theorem and Its Converse
-Hinge Theorem: If two triangles have two congruent sides, then the
one with the larger included angle has the longer side.
-Converse: If two triangles have two congruent sides, then the one with the
longer third side has the larger included angle.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/comparing-triangles-with-the-hinge-theorem.html
3
Example: Based on the diagram, which angle is bigger, ∠1 or ∠2?
Since 36 ¿ 34, then m∠1 ¿ m∠2
ACTIVITY 1: MAKE ME COMPLETE
Directions: Complete the following proof by adding the missing statement or reason.
T
5
V 4
2
6
1 3
S E
Given: ∆SET, VE bisects ∠SET
Prove: ET ¿ TV
Statement Reason
1. ∆ SET, VE bisects ∠SET 1. Given
2. 2. An angle bisector divides an angle
into two congruent parts.
3. m∠4= m∠1 +m∠3 3.
4. m______¿ m∠3 4. The whole is greater than its part
5. m∠4¿ m∠6 5.
6. ET¿ TV 6.
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ACTIVITY 2: PROVE IT!
Directions: Draw the diagram of the given problem and write a proof by applying
exterior angle inequality theorem. Use two column proof in proving.
Given: ∆ ABC with exterior angle ∠CBD
Prove: m∠A + m∠C = m∠CBD
Statement Reason
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
ACTIVITY 3: WHAT ARE MY VALUES?
Directions: Answer the given problem using Hinge Theorem.
Given the diagram, write an inequality, or set of inequalities, to describe the possible
values of x.
1.
2.
Reflection:
5
Write three (3) to five (5) sentences of what you have learn in this activity.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
ANSWER’S KEY
Activity 3: WHAT ARE MY VALUES?
Activity 1: MAKE ME COMPLETE
1. 1< X > 8
2. 1.5 ¿ X >17
Statement Reason
1. ∆ SET, VE bisects 1. Given
∠SET Activity 2: PROVE IT!
2. ∠3 ≅∠6 2. An angle bisector
divides an angle
into two congruent
parts.
3. m∠4= m∠1 +m∠3 3.Exterior angle of a
triangle is equal the Statement Reason
sum of two non- 1. ∆ ABC with 1. Given
adjacent interior exterior angle ∠CBD
angles 2. m ∠A + m ∠C + m 2.Triangle Sum
∠ABC=180⁰ Theorem
4. m_∠4 ¿ m∠3 4. The whole is
3. m ∠ABC + m 3.Definition of
greater than its part
∠CBD=180⁰ Linear Pair
5. m∠4¿ m∠6 5. Transitive Property 4. m ∠A + m ∠C + m 4.Transitive
6. ET¿ TV 6. Triangle Inequality ∠ABC=. m ∠ABC + Property
Theorem (Ss-Aa) m ∠CBD
5 m ∠A + m ∠C = m 5.Subtraction
∠CBD Property
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References for the Learners
Abuzo, Emmanuel P, et al. Mathematics 8 Learner's Module. First Edition. Quezon
City: Book Media Press, Inc., 2013.
Website links as References and Learning Activities.:
https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/properties-of-
equalityhttps://www.avc.edu/sites/default/files/studentservices/lc/math/properties_of_
equality.pdf
https://calcworkshop.com/reasoning-proof/properties-equality/
https://slideplayer.com/slide/9567253/
https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/properties-of-equality
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/SegmentsAnglesTriangles/SATHinge.html#:
~:text=If%20we%20return%20to%20the,1.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/comparing-triangles-with-the-hinge-theorem.html
