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Buitems: Environment and Safety Management

This document provides an introduction to the environment presented by Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan of the Petroleum & Gas Department at BUITEMS. It defines the environment, discusses the importance of environmental management, describes the types and components of the environment, and outlines the main segments of the environment including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.

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Shehzad khan
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53 views21 pages

Buitems: Environment and Safety Management

This document provides an introduction to the environment presented by Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan of the Petroleum & Gas Department at BUITEMS. It defines the environment, discusses the importance of environmental management, describes the types and components of the environment, and outlines the main segments of the environment including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.

Uploaded by

Shehzad khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BUITEMS

Environment and Safety


Management

Instructor: Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan


Petroleum & Gas Department

Introduction to environment
Learning Objectives
 How we define environment?
 What are the components and types of
environment?
 Environmental segments

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


2
Department, BUITEMS
Environment
 Simple definition according to “Merriam-
Webster”
 The circumstances, objects or conditions by which
one is surrounded.

3
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G
Department, BUITEMS
Environment
 Another definition according to “Merriam-
Webster”

 The complex of physical, chemical, and abiotic


factors that act upon an organism or an ecological
community and ultimately determine its form and
survival.

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


4
Department, BUITEMS
Environment

 It is also defined as the sum total of all living


(biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components.
In fact, environment creates favorable
conditions for the existence and growth of
living organisms.

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


5
Department, BUITEMS
Environment
 Environment is not constant and changes
 Change may be harmful or beneficial
 Extinction of dinosaurs (unfavorable)
 Some tiny animals ate the eggs of dinosaurs
(favorable)
Effect of various human activities on
environment
 Cutting of trees for wood and cultivating land
 Killing of animals for food or due to safety
 Industrial revolution polluting water bodies,
atmosphere
 Incidence of London smog, nuclear bombing etc.
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G
6
Department, BUITEMS
Environmental management
 Objectives of environmental management
 Maintenance of environmental quality
 Regulating and restricting the exploitation of
natural resources
 Preventing the degradation of environment
 Renewing natural resources as far as possible
 Preventing or at least regulating environmental
pollution
 Formulation of laws and regulations to achieve
above objectives

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


7
Department, BUITEMS
Environmental management
 In the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in
1992, it was declared that “education” is most
critical in “promoting suitable development "and
improving the capability of people for
“environmental issues”.
 Environmental education
 Awareness (Basic understanding of environment)
 Attitude (To develop values and feeling and
commitment to participate)
 Action (To acquire skills for identifying and
investigating the environmental problem)
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G
8
Department, BUITEMS
Components of Environment
 Components of environment
 Biotic or living components
 Abiotic or non-living components
 Energy components

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 9


Department, BUITEMS
Biotic or living components
 The living components of an environment comprise
plants, animals, and microorganisms (Bacteria and
Fungi). They carry out different functions and based
on their role they are classified into three main
groups. They are:
 Producers
 Consumers
 Decomposers

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 10


Department, BUITEMS
Abiotic or non-living components
 Temperature
 Water
 Sunlight
 Wind
 Rock and Soil
 Climate
 Humidity

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


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Department, BUITEMS
Energy component
 It includes
 Solar energy
 Energy from fossil fuels
 Geothermal energy
 Nuclear energy
 Energy from radiation sources

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 12


Department, BUITEMS
Types of Environment
 Two types
 Natural environment
 Air
 Water
 Soil
 Forest
 Wild life
 Flora Mateen
2016-09-03 12:12:57
--------------------------------------------
Flora=Plants
 Fana Fana=Animals

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 13


Department, BUITEMS
Types of Environment
 Two types
 Man-made environment
 Industries
 Housing
 Dams
 Transportation

Dept.
14
Segments of Environment
Atmosphere

Biosphere Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

 Discussion about each segment is provided in next slides.

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 15


Department, BUITEMS
Atmosphere
 Atmosphere is the cover of air that envelops
the earth. It is responsible for sustaining life.
 Benefits of atmosphere
 Protection from harmful ultraviolet rays
 Provide life supporting gases like oxygen and CO2

 Pollution of
Atmosphere due to
Human activities.
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 16
Department, BUITEMS
Hydrosphere
 It covers about two third of earth’s surface.

 Discharging of waste materials into water


bodies.
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 17
Department, BUITEMS
Lithosphere
 Upper most layer of earth surface that covers
around 400 km is named as lithosphere.
 Interaction with other segments.
 Benefits of lithosphere (provide necessary
minerals and soil for plants).

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G 18


Department, BUITEMS
Biosphere
 It is defined as the region where lithosphere,
hydrosphere and atmosphere all are present
and where life can exist.

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Biosphere
 Biosphere is also defined as thin layer of soil,
rock, water and air that surrounds the earth
along with living organisms.
 It is a region where all other segments are
present and also life can exist.
 It extends from floor of ocean below the sea
level to highest mountain above the sea level.
 Energy comes from sun and nutrients from air,
water and soil.
Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G
20
Department, BUITEMS
Summary
• Define environment
• Why environmental management
• Types of environment
• Segments of environment

Engr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, P&G


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Department, BUITEMS

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