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- Indirect speech is when someone reports or repeats what another person said without using their exact words. - When reporting indirect speech, the tense of the verbs changes to the past tense and pronouns, adverbs of time and place, and demonstratives are adjusted. - Questions are reported without question marks and the subject comes before the verb rather than after. Quotation marks are not used in indirect speech.

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85 views5 pages

English Presentation

- Indirect speech is when someone reports or repeats what another person said without using their exact words. - When reporting indirect speech, the tense of the verbs changes to the past tense and pronouns, adverbs of time and place, and demonstratives are adjusted. - Questions are reported without question marks and the subject comes before the verb rather than after. Quotation marks are not used in indirect speech.

Uploaded by

Afíá Híñfúl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP MEMBERS

Herbet Nkansah 10274131

Alexandra Kinney 10278311

Maame Efua Gardiner 10277432

Maame Ama Dadzie 10279996

Margaret Asante 10271936

Chelsea Baiden 10277797

Sandra Kwaah 10276262

Isaac Mensah 10277798

Bernice Green 10279202

Susan Ashiley 10278805

Emmanuella Sade 10279818

Claudia Kevi 10277446

Patricia Laryea 10271961

INDIRECT SPEECH

Indirect speech is reporting or repeating what one said without without coating the exact words.

EXAMPLES

• Stephen said that he would travel to Kumasi.

• She said she was seeing her brother the following day.

• He said he met her yesterday .

FEATURES OF INDIRECT SPEECH

• The reported speech is not placed in quotation marks.

• The position of the subject cannot be changed.

• The reported statement is not placed in quotation marks


CHANGES OF THE TENSE OF THE VERB

1. Direct

• I told him,”I am going home.”

Indirect

• I told him that I am going home.

2. Direct

• “I am always happy”

Indirect

• She said that she was always happy.

Example:

He says,”I speak Spanish”

He says that he speaks Spanish.

CHANGE ADVERBIAL TO TIME

Direct indirect

• Today That day

• Here There

• Now Then

Example:

She said:”Kwaku will visit me tomorrow

She said that Kwaku will visit me the next day.

CHANGE DEMONSTRATIVES

Direct indirect

• This day That day

• This week That week

• These years Those years


• These months Those months

Example:

She says:”I am buying this house.”

She says that she is buying that house.

CHANGE OF PRONOUNS

Direct

• She says,”I stole the book.”

Indirect

• She says that She stole the book.

 When the main idea of a speaker’s words is reported by another person and the exact

words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech.

Example: He said that he was going to school.

 Quotation marks or ‘inverted commas’ are used for direct speech.

Example: ‘I have cut my finger!’ cried Mrs Sharma.

 Quotation marks are not used for indirect or reported speech.

Example: Mrs Sharma cried that she had cut her finger.

 Question marks and exclamation marks are not used in reported speech.

Examples: ‘Is it bleeding very much?’ Mr Sharma asked. (direct)

Mr Sharma asked if it was bleeding very much. (indirect)

 In reported speech, the reporting verbs like asked/enquired, commanded/

ordered/requested, advised/suggested, exclaimed/shouted, etc are often used

in place of the reporting verb ‘said’ to convey the mood of the spoken words.

Examples: Ramesh said, ‘How hot the soup is!’ (direct)


Ramesh exclaimed that the soup was hot. (indirect)

‘Stir it with your spoon,’ his sister said. (direct)

His sister advised him to stir it with a spoon. (indirect)

The son said to his mother, ‘I shall never be rude to you.’ (direct)

The son promised his mother that he would never be rude to her.(indirect)

‘Why has the clock stopped?’ thought Peter. (direct)

Peter wondered why the clock had stopped. (indirect)

 The tense of the verb in the reported speech is in the past tense. However, if

the verb in the reported speech is stating a universal truth, a habit, a constant

situation, the tense of that verb does not change:

Examples: The boy said, ‘I brush my teeth every day.’ (simple present tense)

The boy said that he brushes his teeth every day. (simple present tense)

The teacher said, ‘The Sun rises in the east.’ (direct)

The teacher said that the Sun rises in the east. (indirect)

She said, ‘My son wants to be an actor.’ (direct)

She said that her son wants to be an actor. (indirect)

 In an indirect or reported question, the subject comes before the verb, not

after it. You do not use the helping verb ‘do’ to form reported questions.

Example: Paul said, ‘What time does the bus come?’ (direct)

Paul asked what time the bus came. (indirect)

Sarah said, ‘When does the show begin.’ (direct)

Sarah asked when the show began. (indirect)

 The pronouns are also changed in reported speech.

Pronouns of the first person are changed as below:

Examples: He said, ‘I am bored.’ (direct)

He said that he was bored. (indirect)


Mira said, ‘We are going to the movies.’ (direct)

Mira said that they were going to the movies. (indirect)

Rinki said, ‘My friends gave me a treat.’ (direct)

Rinki said that her friends gave her a treat. (indirect)

Pronouns of the second person are changed as below:

Examples: He said to her, ‘You are beautiful.’ (direct)

He said to her that she was beautiful. (indirect)

‘You must write neatly,’ the teacher told her pupils. (direct)

The teacher advised her pupils that they must write neatly.(indirect)

Pronouns of the third person do not change:

Examples: I said, ‘They have gone out.’ (direct)

I informed that they had gone out. (indirect)

Leela said, ‘These books are theirs.’ (direct)

. Leela said that those books were theirs. (indirect)

Conclusion:

In Indirect speech that words will be reported in the past tenses.

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