LAB REPORT # 3
DIGITAL SIGNALS PROCESSING
INSTRUCTOR: SIR MUBEEN SABIR
DATED: 25/10/2020
SUBMITTED BY: ZARYAB RAUF
CIIT/FA17-ECE-046/ISB | EEE-5B
TASK 1:
Write a Matlab code to decompose a sequence into its even and odd
components. Take help from Pre-Lab work.
clc
clear all;
close all;
n = -10:2:10;
x = @(n) n.*(n>=0);
xe = ( x(n)+x(-n) )/2;
xo = ( x(n)-x(-n) )/2;
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(n,x(n));
title('Original Signal')
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(n,xe);
title('Even Part')
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(n,xo)
title('Odd Part')
OUTPUT:
TASK 2:
You should have noticed that ‗conv‘ command calculates convolution
assuming both input sequences are starting from origin (i-e no values on –ve t-
axis). This is not always the case, we do have sequences which have values for
t<0. Write a code conv_m that would remove this limitation in the code conv.
function[y,x] = conv_m(x,h,n1,n2)
n= n1(1)+n2(1) : n1(end)+n2(end)
y=conv(x,h) ;
stem(n,y)
end
OUTPUT:
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TASK 3:
Convolve following sequences using MATLAB Function ―conv‖ and
―conv_m‖ and plot the input, impulse response and output in one figure
using ―subplot‖:
A) X[N] = [1 2 1], N=[0 1 2] H[N] = [1 1 1], N= [0 1
2]
B) X[N] = [-1 4 -3 -2 1 0 2], N=[-2:4] H[N] = [1 1 1], N= [-1 0 1]
A)
%conv command
clc
close all
clear all
n =0:2;
x=[1 2 1]
h=[1 1 1]
a=conv(x,h)
stem(a)
OUTPUT:
4
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
0
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
USING conv_m function
function[y,x] = conv_m(x,h,n)
n= 0:2;
y=conv(x,h) ;
stem(y)
end
command window:
>>x = [1 2 1];
>>h = [1 1 1];
a =
-1 3 0 -1 -4 -1 3 2 2
OUTPUT:
4
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
0
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
B)
clc
clear all
close all
x=[-1 4 -3 -2 1 0 2];
n1=[-2:4];
h=[1 1 1];
n2=[-1 0 1];
a=conv(x,h)
stem(a)
OUTPUT:
3
-1
-2
-3
-4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
USING FUNCTION CONV_M:
function[y,x] = conv_m(x,h,n1,n2)
n1 = -2:4;
n2 = -1:1;
y=conv(x,h) ;
stem(y)
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> X = [-1 4 -3 -2 1 0 2];
>> H = [1 1 1];
>> CONV_M(X,H,N1,N2)
ANS =
-1 3 0 -1 -4 -1 3 2 2
>> CONV_M(X,H,N1,N2)
OUTPUT:
3
-1
-2
-3
-4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
TASK 4:
Write a function convolution in MATLAB that performs 1D linear
convolution by the steps mentioned above. You can use any method.
close all
clear all
x=input('Enter x: ')
h=input('Enter h: ')
m=length(x);
n=length(h);
X=[x,zeros(1,n)];
H=[h,zeros(1,m)];
for i=1:n+m-1
Y(i)=0;
for j=1:m
if(i-j+1>0)
Y(i)=Y(i)+X(j)*H(i-j+1);
else
end
end
end
Y
stem(Y);
ylabel('Y[n]');
xlabel('n');
title('Convolution of Two Signals');
OUTPUT:
Convolution of Two Signals
4
3.5
2.5
2
Y[n]
1.5
0.5
-0.5
-1
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
n
CRITICAL ANALYSIS:
In this lab the following things were learned:
1. Decomposing a signal to its even and odd parts using the basic properties. It is given by the
following equation:
x(n)=xe(n)+xo(n)
2. Using the properties of addition, multiplication, scaling and shifting some operations were
performed on the signals. The following relations give a better idea.
1
xe ( n) = [ x ( n ) + x (−n ) ]
2
1
x o (n)= [x (n)− x(−n)]
2
3. Since the conv command can’t provide results for negative length, so for that a function was
created in order to get results for negative values which basically multiplies the number with -1
with the numbers and also gives results for all of the values, the function created was named as
conv_m. The function gave same values as seen in task 3 for different value of x(n) and h(n).
4. 1D linear convolution was performed in task 4.
