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Physics Exp 4

This experiment aims to determine the specific resistance of a wire using a meter bridge. The meter bridge operates using Wheatstone's principle to balance resistances and measure an unknown resistance. Readings are taken of the wire's diameter and balancing lengths on the meter bridge for known resistances at both gaps. The specific resistance is then calculated using the wire's dimensions and measured resistance values, finding a value close to the standard value with low error.

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Samia Jahan
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65 views4 pages

Physics Exp 4

This experiment aims to determine the specific resistance of a wire using a meter bridge. The meter bridge operates using Wheatstone's principle to balance resistances and measure an unknown resistance. Readings are taken of the wire's diameter and balancing lengths on the meter bridge for known resistances at both gaps. The specific resistance is then calculated using the wire's dimensions and measured resistance values, finding a value close to the standard value with low error.

Uploaded by

Samia Jahan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name of the Experiment: DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF A WIRE

BY USING METER BRIDGE

Theory: The meter bridge is operates under Wheatstone’s principle. Here, four resistors P, Q, R,
and S are connected to form the network ABCD Shown in Wheatstone bridge. In the balancing
condition, there is no deflection on the galvanometer. Then, the four resistors of Wheatstone
connection can be replaced with R, X, l and 100-l in the meter bridge respectively.
1 1

If we interchange R and X in the position of the meter bridge. In the balancing condition, there is
no deflection on the galvanometer. Then, the four resistors of Wheatstone connection can be
replaced with X, R, l2 and 100-l2 in the meter bridge respectively.

1
When known resistance, R at left gap of the meter bridge

When known resistance, R at right gap of the meter bridge

Apparatus:

1. Galvanometer

2. Resistance box

3. Shunt

4. Battery

5. Meter Bridge

6. Plug Commutator

7. A piece of wire which resistivity to be measured

8. Connecting wire

9. Screw gauge

Experimental Data:

Length of the wire, L = 20 cm

Table-1: Reading for the radius of the wire

Obs No Main Scale Reading Vernier Scale Diameter Mean Diameter Radius, r
(mm) (mm) (mm) (cm)
1 1.5 50 × 0.01
2 1.5 45 × 0.01
3 1.5 48 × 0.01

2
Table-2: Data for the balancing length of the meter bridge

Obs No Position of Value of Balancing length, l1 (cm) 100 - l


known known Direct Reverse Mean (cm)
resistance resistance (Ω)
1 L 2 67.5 66
2 L 3 77.5 77
3 L 4 79 79.5

Table-3: Data for the balancing length of the meter bridge

Obs No Position of Value of Balancing length, l2 (cm) 100 - l


known known Direct Reverse Mean (cm)
resistance resistance (Ω)
4 R 2 31.5 31
5 R 3 25.5 25
6 R 4 22.5 21

Calculation:

When known resistance, R at left gap of the meter bridge

X =?
1
X =?
2
X =?
3
When known resistance, R at right gap of the meter bridge

X =?
4
X =?
5
X =?
6
Average resistance of the given wire

3
Specific resistance of the given wire

[Standard Value = 1.3x 10-6 Ω-cm]

Result:

The value of the specific resistance of the given wire is found ……….Ω-cm with an error …….%

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