Top 150 Civil Engineer Interview Questions Asked in Top Companies
Top 150 Civil Engineer Interview Questions Asked in Top Companies
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2020-09-25
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1. What Do You Understand by M25 Concrete?
According to IS 456 : 2000, M refers Mix and 25 refers the characteristic compressive.
2. What is the maximum allowable fresh concrete temperature until used as per ASTM ?
32 OC
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3. what are the skills required to become an architect ?
4. What is guniting ?
It is a process in which mixture of cement & sand in proportion of 1:3 is shooted on concrete
surface with the help of cement gun under pressure of 2 to 3 kg/cm2. It is a highly effective
process for repairing concrete walls or damaged surfaces.
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5. For filling cracks in masonry structures, the type of bitumen used, is
Building Construction (2)
Plastic bitumen
civil Basic Topic (21)
Plastic bitumen
8. What is the process of covering of concrete placed on the exposed top of an external wall ?
Categories
Coping
ABOUT
9. A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling, is known as
GOVERNMENT JOBS
Retaining wall
IMPORTANT TOPICS
IS CODES
IS 456 – 2000 recommends that curing duration of concrete must be at least 7 days in case of
NON-TECHNICAL JOBS
Ordinary Portland Cement, at least 10 days for concrete with Mineral admixtures. It also
recommends that the curing duration should not be less than 10 days for concrete of OPC PRIVATE JOBS
exposed to dry and hot weather conditions and 14 days for concrete with mineral admixtures in SPECIFICATIONS
hot and dry weather. YOUTUBE TOP VIDEOS
11. What is the minimum weight of fine aggregate for sieve analysis as per ASTM C136 ?
300 g
96 Hrs
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Bearing capacity is the capacity of soil to support the loads applied to the ground by the
foundation of the structure.
Honeycomb, also known as air pocket, is nothing but the air voids in concrete. It is usually
formed during concrete casting.
15. What field tests are required for quality check of cement?
Quality of cement can be checked with color, physical properties, etc. Cement should have grey
color with light greenish shade. It should feel smooth when rubbed between fingers. If hand is
inserted in a heap of cement or its bags, it should feel cool. When pinch of cement is thrown in
Water then cement should float for some time before it sink. Also, it should be lump free.
There are various types of cement which are: Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), White Portland
Cement (WPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Low Heat Portland Cement, Coloured Portland
Cement, Hydrophobic cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, Portland Slag Cement, Sulphate
resisting Portland Cement, etc.
17. what is the difference between built area and super built up area?
• Built up area: It includes your carpet area plus area covered by walls, pillars and ducts. It is
usually 10% more from the carpet area
• Super built up area: It includes your built up area plus the area that you use as building
amenities like passage to lift, stairs and lifts, gym, club, etc.
18. What is Water-Cement Ratio and How it is related to the strength of concrete?
The water-cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a
concrete mix. A lower ratio leads to higher strength and durability, but may make the mix
difficult to work i.e. low workability of Concrete Mix. Workability can be increased with the use of
admixtures.
Hybrid Foundation is usually used for high rise building, it contains both soil supported mat and
piles. This type of foundation is helpful in reducing the amount of the settlement.
Steps In Concreting:
1. Batching: The process of measuring different concrete materials such as cement, coarse
aggregate, sand, water for the making of concrete is known as batching.
2. Mixing.
3. Transportation:
4. Compaction.
5. Curing.
Flashing is an extended construction that is done to seal and protects joints in a building from
water penetration. Flashing is installed at the intersecting roofs, walls and parapets.
Tensile stresses are induced during prestressing operation and the maximum bursting stress
occurs where the stress trajectories are concave towards the line of action of the load.
Reinforcement is needed to resist these lateral tensile forces.
23. What are the major problems in using pumping for concreting works?
In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between
concrete and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing
concrete above the pumps. In fact, as only water is pump-able, it is the water in the concrete that
transfers the pressure.
The main problems associated with pumping are the effect of segregation and bleeding. To
rectify these adverse effects, the proportion of cement is increased to enhance the cohesion in
order to reduce segregation and bleeding. On the other hand, a proper selection of aggregate
grading helps to improve the pump-ability of concrete.
• Cost Estimates
• Analysis of proposals
• Construction supervision
Shear slump implies that the concrete mix is deficient in cohesion. Consequently, it may
undergo segregation and bleeding and thus is undesirable for durability of concrete.
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Under tension, the aggregates are trying to pull away from each other, and the glue is what
holds the whole system together. Since it is significantly weaker than the aggregates, it is where
the failure starts at much lower stresses.
75 to 125 mm
30 to 35 kg/cm 2
30. What are the specifications of tamping rod used in cube filling for cube test ?
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Ans :- According to the IS code 2386, a 16 mm steel rod with rounded edge
IS 456 – 2000 recommends that curing duration of concrete must be at least 7 days in case of
Ordinary Portland Cement, at least 10 days for concrete with Mineral admixtures.
It also recommends that the curing duration should not be less than 10 days for concrete of OPC
exposed to dry and hot weather conditions and 14 days for concrete with mineral admixtures in
hot and dry weather.
Column is a vertical member in building whose Primary function is to support structural load and
transfer it through beams. Upper columns transfers the load to the lower columns and finally to
the ground through footings.
They prevent, or slow down erosion, and stop the longshore drift. This, however, can have bad
knock-on effects somewhere near.
34. What is the initial and final setting time of ideal cement mix?
Initial setting time for ideal cement mix is around 30 minutes for almost all kind of cements. For
masonry cement it can be 90minutes. Final setting time of ideal cement mix should be 10 hours
at max. For masonry cement it shouldn’t exceed 24hours
Bat
Spalling Reinforcement: The spalling stresses leads to stress behind the loaded area of the
anchor blocks. This results in the breaking off of the surface concrete. The most likely causes of
such types of stresses are Poisson`s effects strain interoperability or by the stress trajectory
shapes.
Bursting Reinforcements: These kinds of stresses occur in cases where the stress trajectories are
concave towards the line of action of load. In order to reduce such stresses, reinforcements in
the form of bursting are required.
• Hydro-demolition
• Pressure Bursting
• Dismantling
38. What are the main reasons for conducting pull-out tests for soil nails?
1. To check and verify the bond strength between soil and grout adopted during the design of
soil nails. This is the main objective of conducting soil nail pull-out test.
2. To determine the bond strength between soil and grout for future design purpose. However,
if this target is to be achieved, the test nails should be loaded to determine the ultimate
soil/grout bond with an upper limit of 80% of the ultimate tensile strength of steel bars.
3. To check if there is any slippage or creep occurrence.
4. To check the elastic and plastic deformations of test nails. This is observed during the
repeated loading and unloading cycles of soil nails.
39. Explain QA&QC ?
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Quality Assurance (QA): Quality Assurance is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the
processes by which works are done. Quality Assurance is the process of managing for quality.
Quality Control (QC): Quality Control is a set of activities for ensuring quality in works. The
activities focus on identifying defects in the actual products produced. Quality Control is used to
verify the quality of the output.
40. What Is The Ratio Of Grades M5, M7.5, M10, M15, M20, M25, M30, M35, M40?
M5 – 1:5:10
M7.5 – 1:4:8
M10 – 1:3:6
M15 – 1:2:4
M20 – 1:1.5:3
M25 – 1:1:2
457.2mm
It is a process in which mixture of cement & sand in proportion of 1:3 is shooted on concrete
surface with the help of cement gun under pressure of 2 to 3 kg/cm2
44. It is a highly effective process for repairing concrete walls or damaged surfaces
Flat bearing
Distribute the pressure over wider area,eliminate the adzing of wooden sleepers,preventing the
widening of gauge of curves
Cement soundness can be described as a property which ensures that the cement does not go
through any appreciable expansion pr experience any chance in volume once it has been set.
This process helps get rid of any possibilities of the mortar or concrete from getting disrupted.
Anchors
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In sailing, the ropes used to move the sails around so the boat will move in the right direction
when the wind blows.
There are many gravity dams constructed of compacted earth. High dams are generally concrete.
All dams require a spillway to be safe. The spillway must be armored.
I Decided to become a civil engineer because of my father who is a Math teacher. As a child he
shared his great love for solving mathematical equations and other types of puzzles with me. He
was always asking me to look outside the box to solve each dilemma. He encouraged me to have
a quizzical mind and to always explore not only how something was built but also how it worked.
He inspired me to figure out if the design could be improved upon by utilizing a different means.”
50. what The Purpose Of The Gap In The Road On This Bridge?
Purpose of the gap in the road is to allow the road to expand and contract with temperature
changes without causing damage or deformation to the road
51. On Indian railways , minimum formation width in embankment for a single line of board
gauge ,is
6.1m
53. The device used for changing the direction of the engines is called
Turn table
54. The device provided to prevent the vehicles from moving beyond the end of rail at terminals
is called
Buffer stops
55. What Are Moment Of Inertia And Its Importance In Civil Engineering?
The moment of inertia measures the opposition any kind of body will have against a certain
momentum (along that same axis) trying to rotate that body.
56. The distance between the running edge of the stock and switch rails at the switch heel ,is
called
Heel clearance
We can use water absorption test, hardness test, shape & size, crushing strength test, soundness
test, etc. to check the brick quality. In water absorption test, we dip the brick for 16 hours in
water. If weight of brick after dipping in water doesn’t exceed by 20%, it can be considered as
first class brick, if below 22.5% it can be considered as second class brick, if below 25% it can be
considered as third class brick. In crushing test, it crushing strength should be minimum of 10
N/mm2 for first class brick, 7.5 N/mm2
for second class bricks. In hardness test, we scratch the brick with nails. It should be scratch free.
In soundness test we check the metallic sound by striking two bricks with each other
58.The distance between the adjacent faces of the stock rail and the check rail , is called
61.The switch angle is the angle subtended between the gauge faces of the
Critical Path Method is strategy and method of representing the respective tasks and activities
involved in the construction through a symbolic diagram.
Cement is usually purchased as a powdery substance that is mixed with sand, aggregate, gravel,
and water to form concrete. Since the cement itself is usually a powder, it is hard to measure a
standard value for its specific gravity. In addition, since cement is usually not used by itself,
knowing its specific gravity is not Particularly useful.
A more useful question is “What is the typical density of concrete?” A rule of thumb answer is
that normal cured concrete has a density of about 150 pounds per cubic foot. This includes the
weight of the cement, sand, aggregate, and that PArt of the water that chemically binds with the
cement to form the concrete. Since water weighs about 62.4 pounds per cubic feet, concrete is
about 2.4 times as heavy. Thus, the specific gravity of concrete is about 2.4. If you took cement
and mixed it with water, you would eventually have a hard lump of useless cement and it would
also have a specific gravity of between 2 and 2.4.
64. The distance between the running face of the stock rail and toe of the tongue rail is known as
Throw of switch
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65. The maximum value of throw of switch for a broad gauge track is
95mm
12
Outer signal
68.
Proceed
Concreting
Masonry work
Plastering work
Flooring work
Formwork
Steel cutting and Bending
The volume of concrete is calculated by Multiplying its Length, Width, and Thickness together.
For Example – 1m x1m x1m = 1 m³ of volume of concrete.
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Concrete cover for reinforcement is required to protect the rebar against corrosion and to
provide resistance against fire.
I will check the level on construction site by Spirit level, Dumpy Level and Leveling Pipe.
75. What is the accuracy of the dumpy level or minimum reading we can take?
With the help of a dumpy level we can take up 5mm accurate reading or minimum reading.
76. How do you calculate the weight of 12m long and 10mm dia. Steel on-site?
= 7.2 kg
77. Which is the equation used for calculating unit weight of steel bar?
(D²/162)
15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm
79. What do you do if any concrete cube fails in 28 days compressive strength test?
If the concrete cube fails in strength test, I will conduct a core cutter test on concrete and send a
report to higher authorities.
1: 1.5: 3
0.89 kg/m
A floating concrete foundation is a type of mat foundation that consists of the hollow mat
formed by a grid of thick reinforced concrete walls between two thick reinforced concrete slabs.
7850 kg/m³
Tensile Strength
A kerb is a structure used to separate pavement and median, pavement and shoulder, pavement
and footpath. In low kerb height is restricted to 100mm only.
0.035 m³
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900 mm
89. What is the function of shear keys in the design of retaining walls?
In determining the external stability of retaining walls, failure modes like bearing failure,
sliding and overturning are normally considered in design. In considering the criterion of
sliding, the sliding resistance of retaining walls is derived from the base friction between
the wall base and the foundation soils. To increase the sliding resistance of retaining walls,
other than providing a large self-weight or a large retained soil mass, shear keys are to be
25- 40º
91. What are the major problems in using pumping for concreting works?
In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between
concrete and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing
concrete above the pumps. In fact, as only water is pumpable, it is the water in the concrete
The main problems associated with pumping are the effect of segregation and bleeding. To
rectify these adverse effects, the proportion of cement is increased to enhance the cohesion
in order to reduce segregation and bleeding. On the other hand, a proper selection of
12 mm
93. What are the disadvantages of curing by ponding and polythene sheets?
The purpose of curing is to reduce the rate of heat loss of freshly placed concrete to the
atmosphere and to minimize the temperature gradient across concrete cross section.
Moreover, curing serves to reduce of the loss water from freshly placed concrete to the
atmosphere.
Ponding: This method of thermal curing is readily affected by weather condition (cold
wind). Moreover, a large amount of water used has to be disposed off the construction sites
after curing.
Polythene sheet: This method of curing is based on the principle that there is no flow of air
over the concrete surface and thereby no evaporation can take place on top of the freshly
concreted surface by provision of polythene sheets. However, it suffers from the demerit
that polythene sheets can be easily blown off in windy condition and the performance of
curing would be affected. Moreover, for water lost due to self-desiccation, this method
19 cm x 9 cm x 9 cm
2500 kg/ m³
96. Explain what are the problems one might face while having a Cantilever balcony?
Cantilever balcony are usually unsupported and extend outwards, so the problem with
Cantilever balconies are
• Can’t use the balcony for gardening or other purposes as it is not designed to lift excess amount
of weight
3 month
IS :456
10.76 Sq. ft
103. What are the standard American codes for steel and concrete
IS :800
3.85 kg/m
2.47 Acres
101.97 KG
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Span / 325
1000 KG
1.5 m
Dumpy Level
Ast/b*d = 0.85/ fy
0.04*b*d
0. 8% of area
4%
6 Nos.
Bitumen
12
75 mm
0.45 X D
5mm
Renault KIGER
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20 %
2 Shrinkage of concrete
3 Creep of concrete
Consistency test
Soundness test
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500 Nos.
25 %
Soundness Test
12
Friction piles transfer the loads by friction between surface of pile and soil.
28 Days
0.035 m³
M – 20
150. What is the initial and final setting time for cement?
Soundness test
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