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Advance Computer Networks: Spring 2020-21 Lect. #08

The document discusses the components of Internet Protocol design including the header adding module, processing module, forwarding module, reassembly module, reassembly table, routing table, MTU table, fragmentation module, and reassembly module. The header adding module adds IP headers, the processing module handles packet processing, the forwarding module determines the next hop, and the fragmentation and reassembly modules handle packet fragmentation and reassembly.

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71 views

Advance Computer Networks: Spring 2020-21 Lect. #08

The document discusses the components of Internet Protocol design including the header adding module, processing module, forwarding module, reassembly module, reassembly table, routing table, MTU table, fragmentation module, and reassembly module. The header adding module adds IP headers, the processing module handles packet processing, the forwarding module determines the next hop, and the fragmentation and reassembly modules handle packet fragmentation and reassembly.

Uploaded by

Ishwar Mht
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advance Computer Networks

Spring 2020-21
Lect. #08

Prof. Suchismita Chinara


Dept. of Computer Science Engg.
National Institute of Technology Rourkela-769008
Email: [email protected]
18-01-2021 Advance Computer Networks 1
Internet Protocol Design

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The IP involves the following components:
• Header-adding module
• Processing module
• Forwarding module
• Reassembly module
• Reassembly table
• Routing table
• MTU table

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Header Adding Module
• The Header Adding Module receives data from an upper layer
protocol along with the destination IP address.
• It encapsulates the data in an IP datagram by adding the IP
header.

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Processing Module
• The processing module receives the datagram from an Interface
or from the Header-adding module and does the following:
1.Remove a datagram from one of the input queues.
2.If the destination address matches loopback address or local
address, Send the packet to Reassembly module.
3.If the machine is a router,
• decrease TTL.
4.If TTL is less than or equal to 0,
• discard the datagram.
• else send the datagram to the forwarding module

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The input queue / The output queue
• The input queues store the datagrams coming from the datalink
layer or the upper layer protocols.
• The output queues store the datagrams going to the datalink
layer or the upper layer protocols.
• The processing module removes datagrams from the input
queues.
• The fragmentation and reassembly modules add the datagram
into the output queues.

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Forwarding module
• The forwarding module receives an IP packet from the
processing module.
• The module finds the IP address of the next-hop along with the
interface number to which the packet should be sent.

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MTU Table
• The MTU table has two columns Interface number and MTU.

• The MTU table is used by the fragmentation module to find the


maximum transfer unit of a particular interface.
• Fragmentation module consults the MTU table to find the MTU
of the specific interface number.
• If the length of the datagram is larger than the MTU, the
fragmentation module fragments the datagrams, adds a header
to each fragment and sends them to the ARP package for
address resolution and delivery.

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Fragmentation Module
1.Extract the size of the datagram.
2.If size is greater than the MTU of the corresponding network.
3. If “D” bit is set, a discard the datagram. Else, divided the
datagram into fragments, add header to each fragment. Add
required options to each fragment. Send the datagram.
4. Else send the datagram.

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Reassembly Module
1.If offset value is 0 and the “more fragment” bit is 0, send the
datagram to the appropriate queue.
2.Else search the reassembly table for the corresponding
entry.(Same D.I. and S.A.)
3.If not found, create a new entry.
4.Insert the fragment at the appropriate place in the linked
list.(based on the offset)
5.If all fragments had arrived (“M”-bit and offset), reassembly the
fragments, deliver the datagram to the upper layer protocol.
6.Check the T.O., if the T.O. expired discard all fragments.

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