Learning Area ENTREPRENEURSHIP Grade Level 11 and 12

W2 Quarter 2nd/ 4th Date

I. LESSON TITLE The 4 M’s of Operations
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Demonstrate understanding of the 4 M’s of operations
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) (TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-IA2)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT • Explain 4 M’s of Operations
• Differentiate Value Chain vs. Supply Chain
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: 5 mins.)

4Ms is a powerful method for process improvement, but it's also the most important method you should apply during the
process design and/or product design phase, and in daily operation management. Identifying the problems of the business in
the future and in actual situation especially in the production process and marketing. The importance OF 4'MS of operations in
the business plan. Identifying the problems of the business in the future and in actual situation especially in the production
process and marketing.

Pre-test: Let’s check your prior knowledge about the topic. Directions: Read and answer the following questions below.

1. Have you ever asked yourself what processes do the products or services you buy have undergone before availing
them?
2. What are the elements of business operations?
3. Who are the persons involved in a business operation?
Now, you are ready for our new lesson. I hope that will enhance your knowledge and skills with this new topic.

D. Development (Time Frame: _50 mins.)

The 4Ms of operation about business opportunity means that the attributes manpower, method, machine, and materials
should work together in the process of executing the business. Manpower, as well as the other elements of 4Ms, is critical in
putting up an enterprise.

Manpower. This refers to the human workforce involved in the making of

products (Aduana, 2016). It does not only include labor but also creativity,
intellect, and other abilities of individuals that can contribute to the production
(Habaradas & Tullao, 2018).

Figure1.Manpower. https://bit.ly/2S57arn.

Method. The manner or the system of transforming raw materials into a finished
product is called method (Aduana, 2016). The said raw materials go through
several phases before a product is completed and becomes ready for delivery
to the target customers.
Figure 2. https://bit.ly/3u1mrHQ

Machine. This refers to the equipment used in the manufacturing of

goods or delivery of services.
- Refers to the devices and equipment used to perform a specific
type of work and usually uses energy (electricity) to perform a
task.
Figure 3.Machine. https://bit.ly/3t5eC2Q
 Materials. This simply refers to raw materials needed in the
manufacturing of goods. Materials are assembled to make a finished
product. For example, wood is a raw material used to produce a
cabinet or other furniture.

(For further reading, click the link) http://bit.ly/3btpKRu

Figure 4. Raw materials. https://bit.ly/3t3FjEJ

Value Chain vs. Supply Chain

Value Chain refers to the process where the business acquires raw materials, adds value to them through manufacturing and
other procedures to produce a finished product, and then sells it to consumers. Supply Chain, on the other hand, signifies the
phases and stages the product or service goes through to reach the consumers (Tarver, 2020).
The supply chain includes the flow of all information, products, materials, and funds between different stages of creating and
selling a product to the end. The concept of the supply chain comes from an operational management perspective.

(Click the link for more information)http://bit.ly/3rvQLcy

Figure 5. Value Chain vs. Supply

Chain. (http://bit.ly/3bWE98R)

Figure 6. Value Chain vs. Supply

Chain. (http://bit.ly/3eViWOz)

Five Steps in the Value Chain Process

1.Inbound Logistics: This involves receiving materials, storing them, and controlling inventory.
2.Operations: This involves activities wherein the entrepreneur adds value to the product through manufacturing and assembly
of merchandise that transforms raw materials into a finished product.
3.Outbound Logistics: This involves activities required in reaching end users. Examples are warehousing, recording of inventories,
order fulfillment, and delivery.
4.Marketing and Sales: This involves activities associated with convincing customers to procure the offered product.
5.Service: This involves activities that maintain and improve the value of the product, like customer assistance and warranty
provision.

Supply Chain Functions (Tarver, 2020):

• Product development
• Marketing
• Operations
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
• Distribution
• Finance
• Customer service

Developing Business Model

A company's plan for making a profit is referred to as a business model (Kopp, 2020). It identifies and explains the goods
and/ or services to sell, target market, and projected expenses. Business models are essential for new and established business
enterprises. They help new businesses to attract investment, hire talents, and encourage management and staff. Established
businesses should regularly update their plans to cope up with trends and challenges in the future.

Three Sections of Business Model (Parsons, 2020):

1.Resources - Everything it takes to make something: design, raw materials, manufacturing, labor, and so on.
2.Dissemination - Everything it takes to sell that thing: marketing, distribution, delivering a service, and processing the sale.
3.Rate - How and what the customer pays: pricing strategy, payment methods, payment timing, and so on.

(Click the link for further information) LINK: http://bit.ly/3rwsoey

E. Engagement (Time Frame: 10 mins.)
Learning Task 1. FISHBONE DIAGRAM: Enumerate the cause and effect of 4 M’s of Operations in a business venture using the
fishbone diagram. Copy the illustration below and write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.

D. Assimilation. (Time Frame: 10 mins.)

Learning Task 2: Jumbled Letters. Re-arrange the jumbled letters to identify the word/words being described in each number.
Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. T D O M H E - The manner or the system of transforming raw materials into the finished product.

2. P M N O E A W R - This refers to the human workforce involved in the making of products.

3. O T O E A P I N R - This involves activities wherein the entrepreneur adds value to the product through manufacturing
and assembly of merchandise that transforms raw materials into the finished product.

4. V S I E R E C - This involves activities that maintain and improve the value of the product, like customer assistance and
warranty provision.

5. U V L E A A H C N I - Refers to the process where the business acquires raw materials, adds value to them through
manufacturing and other procedures to produce a finished product, and then sells it to consumers.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
V. ASSESSMENT (Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Remediation or Assessment to be given on Weeks 3 and 6)
(Time Frame: 10 mins.)

Learning Task 3: Multiple Choice. Directions: Carefully read the questions below. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is considered as the input in the business operation?

A. 4Ms B. Advertisement C. Brand Name D. Product

2. What is considered the most significant factor of production?

A. Machine B. Manpower C. Materials D. Method

3. What is the manner of transforming raw materials into the finished product?
A. Machine B. Manpower C. Materials D. Method

4. What refers to the equipment used in the manufacturing of goods or delivery of services?
A. Machine B. Manpower C. Materials D. Method

5. What refers to the items assembled to create a finished product or deliver services?
A. Machine B. Manpower C. Materials D. Method

VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: 10 min.)

• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.

Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
✓ - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8

VII. REFERENCES Aduana, N. Entrepreneurship in Philippine Setting for Senior High School.
Reprint, Quezon: Vibal Group Inc., 2016.

Oliver. Peter, Operations Management (Business Success) (Volume 3) 1st Edition. ISBN-13: 978-
1539466437, pp. 81-83

The 4Ms of Operation in Relations to Business Opportunity". www. Brainly. Ph, 2019.
https://bit.ly/2R5psIC
Prepared by: Ronaldo Canta & Dhonabel A. Catelo Checked by: Erlito B. Orlinga
Flor I. Tomas
Joyce E. Advincula