Learning Activity Sheet in General Physics 1
Lesson 8: ROTATIONAL MOTION
Name of Learner: ________________________________ Date: __________________________
Grade Level: ____________________________________ Section: _______________________
CONTENT STANDARDS:
ROTATIONAL MOTION: The learners demonstrate an understanding of...
1. Moment of inertia
2. Angular position, angular velocity, angular acceleration
3. Torque
4. Torque-angular acceleration relation
5. Static equilibrium
6. Rotational kinematics
7. Work done by a torque
8. Rotational kinetic energy
9. Angular momentum 10. Static equilibrium experiments
11. Rotational motion problems
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
Solve multi- concept, rich context problems using concepts from rotational motion,
fluids, oscillations, gravity, and thermodynamics
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
1. Calculate the moment of inertia about a given axis of single-object and multiple- object systems
(STEM_GP12RED-IIa-1).
2. Exploit analogies between pure translational motion and pure rotational motion to infer rotational motion
equations (e.g., rotational kinematic equations, rotational kinetic energy, torque-angular acceleration
relation) (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-2).
3. Calculate magnitude and direction of torque using the definition of torque as a cross product
(STEM_GP12RED-IIa-3).
4. Describe rotational quantities using vectors (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-4).
5. Determine whether a system is in static equilibrium or not (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-5).
6. Apply the rotational kinematic relations for systems with constant angular accelerations
(STEM_GP12RED-IIa-6).
7. Apply rotational kinetic energy formulae (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-7).
8. Solve static equilibrium problems in contexts such as, but not limited to, see- saws, mobiles, cable-hinge-
strut system, leaning ladders, and weighing a heavy suitcase using a small bathroom scale
(STEM_GP12RED-IIa-8).
9. Determine angular momentum of different systems (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-9).
10. Apply the torque-angular momentum relation (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-10).
11. Recognize whether angular momentum is conserved or not over various time intervals in a given system
(STEM_GP12RED-IIa-11).
12. Perform an experiment involving static equilibrium and analyze the data— identifying discrepancies
between theoretical expectations and experimental results when appropriate (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-
12).
13. Solve rotational kinematics and dynamics problems, in contexts such as, but not limited to, flywheels as
energy storage devices, and spinning hard drives (STEM_GP12RED-IIa-13).
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS:
ROTATIONAL MOTION: Understand the Angular Measure, Angular Speed,
Rotational Kinetic Energy, Moment of Inertia, Combined Translation and Rotation,
Angular Acceleration, Torque, Work and Power, Angular Momentum.
Until now we have been looking at translational motion, motion in which something shifts
in position from one moment to the next. But rotational motion is just as common. The
sun, the moon, planets, stars, and galaxies of stars all rotate as they weep through space.
Down on the earth, wheels, pulleys, propellers, drills, and audio disks rotate in order to
do their jobs. In the atomic world, protons, neutrons, and electrons all rotate, and their
rotations affect how they form atoms and how atoms from molecules, liquids, and solids.
Here our concern is mainly with the rotational motion of a rigid body, one whose shape
does not change as its spins. Strictly speaking, there is no such thing, but in practice
many rotating bodies distort too little to matter. As we will find, all the formulas that
describe rotational motion are exact analogs of the formulas we have been using to
describe translational motion.
Brief Discussion
1.0 ANGULAR MEARURE:
The radian is the most convenient unit.
We are accustomed to measuring angles in degrees, where 1 degree is 1/360 of a full
rotation. That is, a complete turn represents 360 degrees.
A better unit for our present purposes is the radian (rad). The radian is defined with the
help of a circle drawn with its center at the vertex of the angle in question. If the circle’s
radius is r and the arc cut by the angle is s as in:
2.0 ANGULAR SPEED
Round and round it goes.
If the rotating body turns through the angle in the time, its average angular
speed ω (Greek letter omega) is:
3.0 ROTATIONAL KINETIC ENERGY
A spinning body has KE even though it may be going nowhere.
4.0 MOMENT OF INERTIA.
The rotational analog of mass.
Where the symbols of “sum of” states that the kinetic energy of a rotating rigid
body is equal to that half the sum of the mr^2 values of all its particles multiplied
by the square of its angular speed.
5.0 COMBINED TRANSLATION AND ROTATION
The total KE is the sum of translational KE and rotational KE.
When a rigid body is both moving through space and undergoing rotation, its total
KE is the sum of its translational and rotational Kes. The translational KE is
calculated on the basis that the body is a particle whose linear speed is the same
as that of the body’s center of mass. The rotational KE is calculated on the basis
that the body is rotating about an axis that passes through the center of mass.
Thus,
Where m is the body’s mass, v is the velocity of its center of mass, I is its
moment of inertia about an axis through the center of mass, and omega is its
angular speed about that axis.
6.0 ANGULAR ACCELERATION
The formulas for accelerated rotation have the same forms as those for
accelerated linear motion.
6.1 COMPARISON WITH LINEAR MOTION.
The formulas we obtained in module1-3 for the linear motion of a particle
under constant acceleration all have counterparts in angular motion.
Because the derivations are the same.
7.0 TORQUE
The rotational analog of force.
According to Newton’s second law of motion, a net force applied to a body gives
it a linear acceleration.
Everyday experience can guide us here. When we want to turn a bolt, we exert a
force F on a wrench whose jaws are on the bolt’s head. The stronger the force,
the greater the turning effect. Also, the longest the perpendicular distance L from
the line of action of the force to the pivot point O, which is the bolt, greater the
turning effect. The distance L is called the moment of arm of the force
8.0 WORK AND POWER
No surprises here.
Mechanical energy is usually transmitted by rotary motion. The power output of
almost every modern engine emerges via a rotating shaft, and more often than
not this power is expended in some form of rotation as well. The tires of a car,
the propeller of a shift, the bit of a drill, the vanes of a centrifugal pump, kand the
rotor of a dynamo all function by turning.
Exercises
DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice. One (1) point for each number. Select the correct
answer from the given choices. Shades your answer on the answer sheet provided.
1. In a rigid object undergoing uniform circular motion, a particle that is a distance
R from the axis of rotation.
A. Has an angular speed B. Has an angular speed inversely
proportional to R. proportional to R.
C. Has an linear speed proportional D. Has an linear speed inversely
to R. proportional to R.
2. The centripetal acceleration of a particle in circular motion.
A. Is less than its tangential B. Is equal to its tangential
acceleration acceleration
C. Is more than its tangential D. Maybe moe or less than its
acceleration tangential acceleration
3. The rotational analog of force in linear motion is?
A. Moment of inertia B. Angular momentum
C. Torque D. Weight
4. The rotational analog of mass in linear motion is?
A. Moment of inertia B. Angular momentum
C. torque D. Angular speed
5. A quantity not directly involved in the rotational motion of an object is?
A. Mass B. Moment of Inertia
C. Torque D. Angular Speed
6. The number of radians in half a circle is?
A. π/2 B. π
C. 2π D. 4π
7. An angle of 20 degrees is equivalent to?
A. 0.17 rad B. 0.20 rad
C. 0.35 rad D. 3.18 rad
8. An angle of 540 degrees is equivalent to?
A. 2 π/3 rad B. Π rad
C. 3 π/2 rad D. 3 π rad
9. An angle of π/6 rad is equivalent to?
A. 15 degrees B. 30 degrees
C. 60 degrees D. 90 degrees
10. A wheel is 1m in diameter. When it makes 30 rev/min, the linear speed of a
point on its circumference is?
A. π/2 m/s B. Π m/s
C. 30π m/s D. 60 π m/s
11. A wheel that starts from rest has an angular speed of 20 rad/s after being
uniformly accelerated for 10s. The total angle through which it has turned in
these 10S is?
A. 20 π rad B. 40 π rad
C. 100 rad D. 200 rad
12. A flywheel rotating at 10 rev/s is brought to rest by a constant torque in 15 s. In
coming to a top, the flywheel makes?
A. 75 rev B. 150 rev
C. 472 rev D. 600 rev
13. A constant torque of 50 lb.ft acts on a 40 lb flywheel whose moment of inertia is
10 slug.ft^2. The time needed for the flywheel to reach 75 rad/s starting from
rest is?
A. 5.5 s B. 15 s
C. 19 s D. 600 s
14. A torque of 30 N.m acts on a 5 kg wheel of moment of inertia 2kg.m^2. If the
wheel starts from rest, after 10s it will be turned through?
A. 750 rad B. 1000 rad
C. 3000 rad D. 6000 rad
15. A tangential force of 10N acts on the rm of a wheel 80 cm in diameter. The
wheel takes 1.5s to complete its first revolution starting from rest. The wheel’s
moment of inertia is?
A. 0.72 kg.m^2 B. 0.96 kg.m^2
C. 1.8 kg.m^2 D. 4.5 kg.m^2
Note: This will be your answer sheets for all the exercises that you need to answer in the
succeeding lessons. You are allowed to photocopy this.
Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Give one situation that apply rotational motion in our everyday life. And
why is it significant to know and study about this topic?
Rubrics
Short 4 3 2 1
Answer All the key Most of the 2 of the key 1 of the key
Essays words are key words are words are words is
presented, presented, presented, presented,
and each are and each are and are and is
explained. explained. explained. explained.
References
Crisostomo, A.L. and Reyes, S.B. (2015). Physics Laboratory Manual. Revised
Edition. National Bookstore
MODERN TECHNICAL PHYSICS. 6th Edition. Arthur Beiser
Giambattista, A.,Richardson, B. and Richardson, R. (2007). College Physics. 2nd
Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Companies, Inc.
Prepared by:
RONIE B. SARCOS
Checked and Reviewed by:
WILNELIA C. BALINGTON
Master Teacher I-SGH-Science
