Name: Leah Hartsock
Energy Skate Park – Intro to Energy and Work PhET Lab
Introduction:
When Tony Hawk wants to launch himself as high as possible off the half-pipe, how does he
achieve this? The skate park is an excellent example of the conservation of energy. The law
of conservation of energy tells us that we can never create or destroy energy, but we can
change its form. In this lab, we will look at the conversion of energy between
gravitational-potential energy, work, and kinetic (or moving) energy. This conversion is
work. (Realize though, that in real life, skateboard wheels have friction. In our experiments,
we ignore friction) Energy is measured in units of Joules.
Important Formulas:
Part I Basics ~ Procedure: PheT Simulations Play With Sims Energy Skate Park
● Take some time and play with the skater and his track.
● Click on the buttons to show the energy graphs and the pie graphs. These graphs show
the conversion between kinetic energy (green) and potential energy (blue). If any
energy is lost, it will be shown with a red bar (thermal energy lost).
● Reset the skater to the standard half-pipe and observe the energy bars as he moves back and forth (without friction).
● As the skater descends his kinetic energy (green) increases and his potential energy (blue) decreases. The change in
kinetic energy is always equal to the change in potential energy.
● Change the skater with . Is the law of conservation of energy affected by the mass of the skater? no
● Does mass of the skater affect the magnitudes of the kinetic and potential energy? yes
Reset and drag the bottom on the half pipe to the bottom of the grid to set the lowest height to zero.
● Turn on the grid. Set the PhET skater (75kg) at 5.0m above the zero and allow him to skate.
● How much potential energy does he have at 5.0m? 3675 J How much kinetic energy at 0.0m? 3675 J
● A 20.0 kg skater that starts his skate 10m high (on the earth) would have a potential energy of 1960 J and a kinetic
energy of 0J before his skate. At the lowest point, the skater would have a potential energy of 0J and a kinetic energy
of 1960 J. (hint: use the important formula for potential energy)
Create the skate paths as shown. If the skater starts on the left side, will he have enough energy to make it
all the way to the right side? no Why? / Why not? E is changed to thermal energy.
If the skater starts on the left on the path here, match the letter
here with the following conditions:
1. Maximum kinetic energy B
2. Maximum potential energy A
3. Two locations where the skater has about the same speed
C,E
Part II: Gravity’s Effect on Energy
Reset the skater and turn on the pie chart to show kinetic and potential energy.
● Move the skater to Jupiter, where acceleration due to gravity is 26m/s2! Describe what happens to the skater’s
potential and kinetic energy. They change much faster
● he force of G is low so it allows him
Move the skater to the moon (g = 1.6 m/s2). Why is he moving like he is? T
to travel higher
● Zoom out , increase the size of the ramp, and move the skate to SPACE! Press the arrow keys on your
keyboard. Zoom out some more. Have fun.
Is there potential (mgh) energy in space? No Why / Why not? No gravity
Is there kinetic (½mv2) energy in space? Yes Why / Why not? Constantly moving
Part II Calculations: Use g = 9.8 m/s2
Complete the table of kinetic and potential energies:
Mass of skater (m) height (h) velocity (v) Kinetic Energy (KE) Potential Energy (PE)
20. kg 14 m 12 m/s 1400 J 2800 J
60. kg 0.0 m 7.0 m/s 1470 J 0J
0.20 kg 18 m 0.0 m/s 0J 36 J
10 kg 6.0 m 5.0 m/s 130 J 600. J
5.0 kg 17 m 8.0 m/s 160 J 850 J
Part III: Conclusion Questions: Use g = 9.8 m/s2
1. At the highest point kinetic energy is zero / maximum while the potential energy is zero / maximum. (Highlight correct
answers.)
2. aximum while potential energy is zero / maximum. (Highlight correct
At the lowest point kinetic energy is zero / m
answers.)
3. Mass affects / d oes not affect the conservation of energy. (Highlight correct answer.)
4. How much potential energy does the 60. kg skater have before she starts her ride, 12 m above the ground?
(60*12)(9.8)= 7056J
5. How much kinetic energy does a 60.0 kg skater have traveling with a velocity of 4 m/s?
(½)(60)(4^2)= 480J
6. How fast must a 20. kg skater travel to have a kinetic energy of 360 Joules?
9.8e^2=360= 6.06 J
7. How high must a 2.0 kg basketball be thrown so it has a potential energy of 160 J?
160= 2*9.8*h =8.16n
8. How fast must the 2.0 kg basketball be thrown upward to achieve the same 160 J?
160=lv^2= 12.65 m/s
9. If a 75kg skater starts his skate at 8.0m, at his lowest point, what will be his velocity?
75*9.8*8= 5880J
5880J= (½)(75)(v^2)
10. In the above question, all the potential energy became kinetic energy. How much work was done?
75*9.8*8= 5880J
