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PANDIAN SARASWATHI YADAV ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SUBJECT CODE / NAME: ME6602 / AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
UNIT I
VEHICLE STRUCTURE AND ENGINES
Part A

1) What are the components of an automobile? (May 10)

The main units are
a) The Basic structure
b) The power plant
c) The transmission system
d) The auxiliaries
e) The controls
f) The super structure
2) What are the advantages of frameless construction over the conventional framed Construction? (Nov 09)
a) Reduced weight and consequent saving in fuel consumption.
b) Lower manufacturing cost
c) During collision the body crumbles, thereby absorbing the shock due to impact and thus providing
safety to the passengers.
d) Compared to framed construction lower body position may be obtained, thus resulting in increased
stability of the automobile.
3) Classify the automobiles based on use. (May 09)
a) Auto cycles
b) Motor cycles
c) Cars, jeep
d) Buses and trucks
4) Classify the automobiles based on capacity. (May 13)
a) Heavy transport vehicles Examples trucks and buses
b) Light transport vehicles like cars, jeeps etc.
5) Write the firing order of 4cylinder and 6cylinder I C engines. (May 10)
4 CylinderEngine
1-3-4-2 or 1-4-3-2
6 CylinderEngine
1-5-3-6-2-4

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6) What is the difference between dry liners and wet liners? (May 14)
Dry liners
a) Cooling water is not in contact with the dry liner.
b) This type of liner is machined very accurately and pressed into the cylinder block.
Wet Liners
a) Cooling water is in contact with the wet liner.
b) The liner is machined only on the inside and outside surface.
7) What is the function of piston rings? (Nov 09)
a) Prevention of leakage of gas into the crank case.
b) Prevention of lubricating oil film.
c) Prevention of lubricant entry into the combustion chamber above the piston.
d) Balancing of side thrust of the piston.
8) Name any two materials used for connecting rods.
a) Forged steel
b) Graphite cast iron
9) Define indicated power and brake power. (May 13)
Indicated Power
It is the power developed in the cylinder measured by a form of pressure indicator connected to
the cylinder head.
Brake power
It is the useful power available at the crank shaft of the engine for doing external work.
10) What is the function of gasket in an engine? (May 09)
Gasket is used for providing a tight fitting joint between two surfaces.
11) What are the two types of balancing of IC engines? (May 08)
1) Power Balance
2) Mechanical Balance
12) What are the types of mufflers? (Nov 09)
a) Baffle type
b) Wave cancellation Type
c) Resonance Type
d) Absorber type
e) Combined resonance and absorber type.
13) What is meant by over hauling of engines? (Nov 06)
This is a general process consisting of cleaning, inspection, diagnosis,
readjustment, minor replacement, and turning up of engines.

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14) What are the disadvantages of gas turbines? (May 14)

a) There is no engine breaking and acceleration.
b) Since the speed various from 25,000 to 50,000 rpm breaking is not effective.
c) Difficult to obtain an effective transmission speed on road.
d) A high speed self starter with a large battery is required.
15) What are the main sources of automobile pollutants? (May 13)
a) Fuel tank – Gasoline vapour
b) Carburetor- Gasoline vapour
c) Cranlkcase- Unburnt air fuel mixture blown through the piston rings.
d) Tail pipe- Unburnt Gasoline, Hydrocarbon, Carbon monoxide, etc.
16) What is a particulate matter? (May 04)
Particulate matter is a pollutant of respirable size emitted from vehicular traffic exhaust and it produces
respiratory distress and cancer.
17) What is the function of timing gear? (Nov 14)
The timing gears are responsible for transmission between the crank shaft and the cam shaft.
18) What are the types of valve operating mechanism? (Nov 09)
There are two types of valve operating mechanism, they are
a. Side valve mechanism
b. Over Head mechanism
19) Mention some of the purpose of I.C. engines. (May 10)
Purpose of testing an I.C. engines are
a. To determine the information, which cannot be obtained by calculations?
b. To confirm the validity of data used in design.
c. To prepare heat balance sheet.
20) What are the steps adopted in overhaul of propeller shaft? (Nov 08)
a. Removal of the shaft.
b. Dismantling.
c. Inspection and service.
d. Reassembling
e. Refitting.

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PART B
(16 MARKS)
1. Discuss the methods of vehicle construction in detail. (May 13)
2. Describe the cooling and lubrication systems in automotive engine.(2) (May 13)
3. Describe the electronic engine management system in detail.(3) (May 12)
4. Discuss the forms, functions and materials of various components of an engine. (May 12)
5. Describe the types of an automobile. (Nov 12)
6. With a neat sketch, explain the working principle of three way catalytic controller. (3) (Nov 12)
7. Define power balance and explain the Mechanical balancing aspect of engine balancing.
8. List out the functions of frame in an automobile and explain any one type of semi integral frame.(May 10)
9. Explain the use of Gas turbine for automobile use with the aid of a neat sketch.
10. Explain how the emission from automobile engines can be controlled. (May 10)
11. Explain clearly various methods of improving engine performance.
12. State the functions which a piston in a automobile engine cylinder is required to perform. Discuss
various methods used to avoid piston slap. (May 09)
13. Give a brief account of air pollution due to engines.
14. How knock emission are caused and what are their effects on environment? (May 09)
15. Draw the layout of an automobile and indicate the various components.
16. Discuss the principle of operation of a four stroke cycle S.I Engine with a neat sketch.
17. What are the desirable properties of a good lubricant? (May 10)
18. What do you know about emission norms? Discuss.
19. Explain the working of pressure lubrication system. (May 09)
20. Explain briefly the various types of chassis construction with the help of suitable diagrams.
21. Explain the working principle of a dry sump lubrication system with a simple schematic layout.
(Nov 09)

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UNIT II
ENGINE AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
Part A
1) What are the functions of carburetor? (Nov 09)
a) To keep a small reserve of fuel at a constant head.
b) To vaporize the fuel to prepare a homogenous air fuel mixture.
c) To supply correct amount of air fuel mixture at the correct strength under all conditions of load and speed
of the engine.
2) What are the types of carburetor? (May 13)
a) Carter carburetor
b) Zenith carburetor
c) S U carburetor
d) Solex carburetor
e) Solex mikuni carburetor
3) Name the various circuits in Carter carburetor (Nov 13)
a) Float circuit
b) Idle and low speed circuit
c) Full throttle
d) Part throttle circuit
e) Acceleration pump circuit
f) Starting circuit
4) How is the injector opened in an electronic injection system? (May 04)
The Injectors are held closed by means of spring and are opened by means of solenoids energized by
the control signal from the electronic control unit (ECU).
5) List out type of sensor used in electronic injection system. (May 14)
a) Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor.
b) Barometric pressure (BARO) sensor.
c) Throttle position sensor (TPS).
d) Coolant temperature sensor (CTS).
6) Define single point injection system. (Nov 05)
It consists of a single injector for the entire engine mounted above the throttle butterfly valves, feeding
the engine in a manner similar to a conventional carburetor system.
7) What is the type of battery? (May 09)
a) Alkaline Battery
b) Zinc-air Battery

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8) What are the major components in battery system? (Nov 09)

a) Container.
b) Plates
c) Separators
d) Cell covers
e) Electrolyte.
9) What is the material used for battery containers? (May 06)
Polypropylene
Bituminous materials
10) What is the function of generator in automobiles? (Nov 09)
A generator in an automobile supplies the electrical energy for charging the battery in the vehicle. The
generator is driven from the engine by means of a belt.
.11) What is the function of multipoint injection system? (May 13)
In multi point injection system a separate injector for each cylinder is mounted in the inlet manifold.
The fuel is injected into each intake port on the manifold side of the inlet valve, so that the mixture
preparation and distribution is high. By using throttle body and butterfly valve at the intake system, the
air flow is metered and controlled.
12) What is the purpose of cut-out relay? (May 12)
Cut-out relay is a circuit breaker or an automatic switch which opens and closes between the generator
and the battery. Some means are prevent the battery from discharging through generator.
13) What are the main types of starting devices in automobile? (Nov 04)
A) Bendix drive
a) Standard Bendix drive
b)’Folo-thru’ Bendix drive
c) Compression spring type Bendix drive
d) Rubber spring type Bendix drive
B) Overrunning clutch drive
C) Dyer drive.
14) Name various types of starting motor switches (Nov 13)
a) Manual switch
b) Solenoid switch
c) Solenoid switch-cum-shift.
d) Solenoid shift with relay.
15) What is the advantage of a solenoid switch compared to the manual type? (May 08)
The advantage of solenoid switch compared to the manual is that the heavy current wiring length is
reduced and the driver has to operate only a push button or key switch which carries a nominal amount
of current only.

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16) Name different lights used on an automobile. (May 14)

The automobile lighting systems consists of head lamps, side, tail, stop and reverse lamps. Apart from
these there are instrument panel lights, direction indicator flash lights and the lights inside the body to
light up passenger compartment.
17) Write the requirements of an automobile ignition system. (May 13)
a) Spark at the plug electrodes must be regular and synchronously timed with respect to the cylinder-
piston position at all speeds and loads on the engine.
b) The spark should be sufficiently strong so as to start ignition of the charge.
c) It should be light and compact.
d) The system must be easy to maintain.
e) It should be adaptable to mass production.
f) It must not cause radio interference.
18) What is the function of contact breaker? (May 09)
The function of a contact breaker is to make and break the primary ignition system. This is probably the
weakest member of an ignition system.
19) What is the function of a spark plug? (May 14)
The function of a spark plug is to contact a high potential from the ignition circuit to the combustion
chamber and to allow its discharge across an air gap in the spark plug. This initiates the ignition of the
compressed air fuel mixture.
20) What is the type of magneto ignition system? (Nov 13)
a) Rotating armature type
b) Rotating magnet type

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PART B
(16 MARKS)
1. With a schematic layout, explain the multi point electronic fuel injection system. (May 13)
2. Describe the working principle of electronic ignition system. (May 13)
3. Write short notes on the following: (May 12)
a. CRDI system
b. MPFI system
4. Explain the working principle of any one starting motor and generator of an automobile. (May 12)
5. Explain the principle of operation of Electronic fuel injection system. (Nov 12)
6. What are the types of ignition system? With a neat sketch explain the magneto coil type ignition
system. (Nov 12)
7. What are the factors which affect the process of carburetion?
8. Explain the working principle of simple carburetor with a neat sketch. (May 10)
9. Explain the working principle of capacitance discharge ignition (CDI) system. (May 10)
10. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of electronic ignition system compared to the conventional
electrical ignition system.
11. Discuss in detail various tests for ascertaining the fitness of a battery to be used in a vehicle. (May 09)
12. Draw a simplified diagram of Solex carburetor and explain its working principle.
13. Sketch any fuel injector and explain its working. (May 09)
14. Explain the operation of MPFI system and compare it with TBI system.
15. Discuss the construction, operation and maintenance of lead acid battery. (May 10)
16. Explain the working of a modern carburetor with a sketch.
17. With a neat sketch explain the working of a magneto coil ignition system. (May 10)
18. Explain the working features of a starter motor with a neat diagram.
19. Sketch and explain electronic type ignition system. (May 09)
20. With suitable sketches explain mono point and multi point fuel injection systems and bring out the
comparative features. (May 09)
21. Explain how the optimum specified value of the voltage and current outputs are maintained in a
regulator?
22. Describe a cut-out with an aid of a diagram. (Nov 09)
23. With a schematic layout, explain the working principle of multipoint fuel injection in petrol engines.
(Nov 09)

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UNIT III
TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
PART A (2 MARKS)

1. What is the necessity of transmission system in automobile? (Nov 12)

a) Variation of resistance to the vehicle motion at various speeds.
b) Variation of tractive effort of the vehicle motion at various speeds.
2. What is the function of a clutch? (May 14)
A mechanism which enables the rotary motion of one shaft to be transmitted, when desired, to a second
shaft, the axis of which is coincident with that of the first.
3. What is “clutch free pedal play”? (Nov 13)
When the clutch pedal is pressed, the trust bearing is not pressed immediately. Rather a part of the pedal
movement is purposely kept idle. This is done to avoid a rapid wear of the thrust bearing and the clutch
plates and is called clutch free pedal play.
4. Why are cone clutches better than disc clutches? (May 09)
Since the cone discs are having large frictional areas and weding action, they can transmit a larger
torque than disc clutches with the same outside diameter and actuating force and hence cone clutches
are preferred to disc clutches .But usually cone clutches are mainly used in low peripherals speed
applications.
5. Define slip in the clutch. Write down the causes for it. (May 04)
A large amount of heat is generated due to which clutch facings wear out rapidly and even burn out.
This is called as slip in the clutch. This may be caused by the following reasons.
a) Incorrect linkage adjustment
b) Weak or broken clutch springs.
c) Worn out facings
6. What are the main components in friction clutch? (Nov 12)
a) Clutch plate
b) Clutch facing
c) Pressure plate
d) Springs
e) Bearing
7. What do you mean by fluid flywheel? (Dec 13)
It is an alternative to clutch, uses fluid for transmitting the torque. It is also called hydraulic coupling.

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8. What is the function of a synchronizer in a gearbox? (Nov 06)

It is used for avoids the double declutching. It fitted only on the high gears and on the low and reverse
gears ordinary dog clutches are only provided. This is done to reduce the cost.
9. List out some automatic transmission device. (May 08)
a) Epicyclic gear box
b) Multiplate clutches
c) Torque convertor
10. Difference between torque convertor and fluid flywheel (Nov 08)
Fluid flywheel
a) The fluid flywheel transmits the same torque given to it b y the engine shaft.
b) Stator is not there.
c) Efficiency is low.
Torque convertor
a) The torque convertor increases the torque in a ratio of about 2:1 to3:1.
b) Stator is there.
c) Efficiency is high.
11. What is the function of stator in a torque convertor? (May 14)
Stator is used for avoid the dragging action on the impeller.

12. Define over drives. What are its advantages? (May 13)
Overdrive is a device to step up the gear ratio in the car. It is fitted in between transmission and the
propeller shaft.
13. Define propeller shaft and list out various parts of propeller shaft. (Nov 12)
This is the shaft which transmits the drive from the transmission to the bevel pinion or worm of final
drive in front engine rear drive vehicles. It is also called as drive shaft. It consists mainly of three parts
a) Shaft
b) One or Two universal joints
c) Slip joint
14. What is the function of universal joint? (May 08)
It is a special type of joint between two shafts whose axes are inclined to each other. Most common
example is the Hook’s joint.
15. List out various steps involved in the overhaul of propeller shaft (Nov 14)
a) Removal of the shaft from the chassis
b) Dismantling
c) Inspection and service
d) Reassembling
e) Refitting

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16. List out three types of final drives (May 09)

a) Straight bevel gears
b) Spiral bevel gears
c) Hypoid gears
17. What is the need for a differential mechanism in an automobile? (May 06)
When the vehicle is taking a turn, the outer wheels will have to travel greater distance as compared to
the inner wheels in the same time. If therefore, the vehicle has a solid rear axle only and no other
device; there will be tendency for the wheels to skid. Hence the wheel skidding is to be avoided, some
mechanism must be incorporated in the rear axle, which should reduce the speed of the inner wheels
and increase the speed of the outer wheels when taking turn ; it should at the same time keep the speeds
of all the wheels same when going straight ahead.
18. List out various forces acting on rear axle. (Nov 12)
a) Weight of the body
b) Driving thrust
c) Torque reaction
d) Side thrust
19. List out two type of rear axle drive. (May 14)
a) Hotchkiss drive
b) Torque tube drive
20. List out rear axle casting (Nov 06)
a) Split type
b) Banjo or separate carrier type
c) Salisbury or integral carrier type.

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PART B (16 MARKS)

1. With a neat sketch, explain the working of simple floor mounted gear shift mechanism.(2) (May 13)
2. Explain the working principle of torque converter. (May 13)
3. Describe how a synchronizing system functions. (May 12)
4. Explain how constant velocity is obtained in universal joints. (May 12)
5. Explain shortly:
i. What is over drive? Explain.
ii. State the difference between Fluid flywheel and Torque convertor.
iii. Propeller shaft and Slip joint (Nov 12)
6. With neat sketch, explain the working of Differential and Torque tube drive. (Nov 12)
7. With a neat sketch, describe the construction and working of the multi plate clutch. (2)
8. With a neat sketch, describe the working of synchromesh gear box. (3) (May 10)
9. Describe the construction and working of an overdrive with a neat sketch.
10. What are the advantages and disadvantages of bevel gear differential over the self locking differential?
Discuss. (May 10)
11. Discuss in detail different methods of supporting rear axle shafts. Describe also the advantages of each.
12. Explain the necessary of a differential in an automobile. Discuss in detail the construction and operation
of the differential. (May 09)
13. What is an epycylic gear box and explain its working. (May 09)
14. Explain the working principle and application of a freewheel drive in a transmission system.(May 10)
15. What are the features of a good quality clutch? Explain the working of multi plate clutch with a neat
sketch.
16. Discuss the principle of a differential with a neat sketch and state the mechanism for power lock or non-
slip. (May 10)
17. Explain with suitable sketches, the operational features of sliding mesh gearbox.
18. Discuss the following with simple sketches.
a. Torque tube drive
b. Differential working (May 09)
19. Write short notes on the following:
a. Hotchkiss drive
b. Transfer box (Nov 09)

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UNIT IV
TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
Part A
1. What is a divided wheel and reversible wheel? (May 08)
Reversible wheel
A wheel whose disc can be mounted on either face to provide inset or outset, thus decreasing or
increasing the wheel track is called reversible wheel.
Divided wheel
A wheel constructed in two parts, which when securely fastened together combine to form a rim having
two fixed flanges is called a divided wheel.
2. Write the function of Tyres. (May 14)
a) To support the vehicle load.
b) To provide cushion against shocks.
c) To transmit driving and braking forces to the road.
d) To provide cornering power for smooth steering.
3. What is the advantage of tubeless tyre? (May 09)
a) Lesser unstrung weight
b) Better cooling
c) Slower leakage of air
d) Simpler assembly
e) Improved safety
4. What is the factors affecting tyre life? (May 14)
a) Inflation
b) Vehicle maintenance
c) Manner of driving
d) Miscellaneous factors
5. List out type of stub axles. (May 08)
a) Elliot type
b) Reversed Elliot type
c) Lamoine type
d) Reversed Lamoine type
6. Define camber.
Camber is the tilt of the car wheels from the vertical. Camber is positive if the tilt is outward at the top.
Camber is also called wheel rake.

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7. Define castor and toe in. (Nov 14)

Castor
The angle between the king pin centre line and the vertical in the plane of the wheel is called
the caster angle.
Toe in
Toe in is the amount by which the front wheels are set closer together at the front than at the
rear when the vehicle is stationary, i.e. toe in=B-A.
8. What is the different type of steering gears? (May 09)
a) Worm and wheel steering gear
b) Cam and double roller steering gear
c) Worm and nut steering gear
d) Recirculating ball type steering gear
e) Rack and pinion steering gear
9. Define steering ratio. (Nov 04)
It is the ratio of the angle turned by the steering wheel to the corresponding turning angles of the stub
axle. The steering ratio generally used with the present day steering gears vary from about 12:1 for cars
to about 35:1for heavy vehicles.
10. What is power steering? (May 06)
Large amount of torque is required to be applied by the driver for steering medium and heavy vehicles.
The power steering system provides automatic hydraulic assistance to the turning effort applied to the
manual steering system.
11. What is the advantage of electronic power steering over hydraulic power steering? (May 08)
a) No problem of leakage of fluid.
b) Energy being consumed only while steering.
c) Steering assistance available even when the engine is not running.
d) While steering manually lesser force is required compared to a hydraulic system since there is no
fluid to be forced through valves.
12. What is objective of vehicle suspension? (May 09)
a) To prevent the road shocks from being transmitted to the vehicle components.
b) To safeguard the occupants from road shocks.
c) To preserve the stability of the vehicle in pitching or rolling, while in motion.
13. What is the type of suspension spring? (May 14)
A) Steel spring
a) Leaf spring b) Tapered leaf spring c) Coil spring d) Torsion spring
B) Rubber spring
a) Compression spring b) Compression- shear spring c) Steel-reinforced spring d)Progressive
shear spring e) Face shear spring f) Torsional shear spring

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C) Plastic spring
D) Air spring
E) Hydraulic spring
14. What is material used for leaf springs? (May 09)
a) Chrome- Vanadium steel
b) Silico_Manganese steel
c) Carbon steel
15. What is the advantage of rubber spring?
a) It can store greater energy per unit weight than the steel.
b) The rubber has excellent vibration damping properties.
c) The absence of squeaking which is always present in steel springs.
d) The number of bearings is reduced considerably for the rubber suspension system.
e) Rubber is more reliable. A rubber suspension cannot suddenly fail like the metal springs.
16. Write different type of front wheel independent suspension. (May 09)
a) Wishbone type or parallel link type b) Mav pherson strut type
c) Vertical guide type d) Trailing link type
e) Swinging half-axle type
17. What is the function of a brake? (Nov 06)
Break is a mechanical device by means of which motion of a body is retarded for slowing down or to
bring it to rest, by applying artificial frictional resistance.
18. Write down any two advantages of hydraulic brake over mechanical break system. (May 12)
a) The fluid exerts equal pressure everywhere in its circuit. For this reason equal breaking effort is
obtained at all the four wheels.
b) The system is simple in construction.
c) Due to absence of joints compared to mechanical brakes, rate of wear is also less.
d) The system is mostly self-lubricating.
19. What are the characteristics of brake fluid? (May 09)
a) Boiling point
b) Viscosity
c) Lubrication properties
d) Effect on rubber
e) Corrosive action
f) Storage stability
20. Define air brakes.
In air brake, the compressed air is used to apply brakes instead of hydraulic pressure. Air brake is
commonly used on heavy vehicle, like trucks, buses etc.

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PART B (16 MARKS)

1. Discuss the working of diagonal braking system with a layout. Also explain the working of master
cylinder in a hydraulic brake. (May 13)
2. Explain the working principle of Air suspension system used in buses.(3) (May 13)
3. Discuss in detail the functions of an integral type power steering. (May 12)
4. With a neat sketch, explain the function of a master cylinder in hydraulic brakes. (May 12)
5. What is power steering? Give its working principle. (2) (Nov 12)
6. What is master cylinder? Give the principle of operation with suitable diagram. (Nov 12)
7. What is the steering gear ratio? Why is it necessary?
8. Describe the Ackermann and Davis steering mechanism with a neat sketch. What are their relative
merits? (May 10)
9. What are the basic requirements of the suspension system in the vehicle?
10. Explain with neat sketch the independent rear suspension system. (May 10)
11. Describe the requirements of an automobile wheel? Explain with the help of the suitable sketches the
construction of the disc type wheel. Compare the same with the wire type wheel.
12. Explain various design consideration for the design of tyre treads. (May 09)
13. Briefly describe construction and working of disc brakes. Compare them with the conventional drum
brakes.
14. Write notes on:
a. Leaf spring suspension
b. Coil spring suspension
c. Torsion bar suspension (May 09)
15. Discuss the principle of hydraulic braking and discuss antilock braking system.
16. How is wheel alignment done in automobile? Explain. (May 10)
17. Sketch and explain a typical power steering gear box and compare it with ordinary steering system.
18. Discuss the working of telescopic suspension system used in cars. (May 09)
19. Describe in detail the rack and pinion type manual steering gear by means of a simple sketch and
discuss its advantages.
20. Draw a schematic layout of air brake system and explain the working principle of brake valve with a
sketch. (Nov 09)

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UNIT V
ALTERNATIVE FUELS/POWER PLANTS
Part A

1) What are the general compositions for natural gas? (May 12)
Methane : 85-90%
Ethane : 5-7%
Propane : 2 %
Carbon dioxide: 3-5%
Others : 1%
2) What are the physical properties of natural gas? (May 10)
Colourless, Odourless, Non-toxic, Lighter than air.
3) What is the need for CNG? (May 09)
a. Rising urban pollution.
b. Rising global concern for environment.
c. Rising vehicle pollution.
4) What are the constraints in natural gas? (May 08)
a. Gas availability.
b. Availability of CNG equipment.
c. Pipeline network infrastructure.
d. Competition from other fuels.
5) What are the different concepts used in the description of CNG system? (May 13)
a. Mother-Daughter concept.
b. On-line station concept.
6) What are the advantages of using compressed natural gas over diesel? (May 12)
a. Natural gas provides clean burning characteristics.
b. Natural gas does not saturate flammable materials.
c. The explosive limit of natural gas mixture is higher than air-diesel mixture.
7) What are the components of LPG pipeline? (May 08)
a. Vapourizer
b. Regulator
c. Safety valve
d. Mixer
e. Fuel line
8) What are the methods for using hydrogen into the cylinder? (May 12)
a. by manifold connection.
b. by direct injection of hydrogen.

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c. by supplementation to gasoline.
9) What are components of an electric vehicle? (May 09)
a. Motor.
b. Power pack.
c. Onboard charger.
d. Motor controller.
e. Energy management.
f. Regenerative braking.
10) What are the advantages of electric car? (Nov 12)
a. Maintenance cost is low.
b. Vibration free operation
c. Lighter in weight.
11) Mention the classification of Hybrid vehicles? (May 10)
a. Series Hybrid.
b. Parallel Hybrid.
12) What are the components of Hybrid cars? (May 13)
a. Electric motor.
b. Generator.
c. Direct injection gasoline.
13) What is meant by a fuel cell? (May 14)
A fuel cell is a device that harnesses the energy produced during the electro chemical reaction between
hydrogen and oxygen. The products are water and electricity.
14) What is the need of fuel cell? (May 12)
a) Depletion of conventional types of fuels leading to energy crisis.
b) Low emission required to make a car economic friendly.
c) To attain certain standards of emission control.
15) List out fuel cell gases (May 08)
a) Oxygen
b) Hydrogen
16) What are the advantages of fuel cell? (May 12)
a) The fuel cell has low emission of pollutants.
b) The oxygen air bags are varying useful for the passenger.
c) The fuel cell prevents the depletion of the fossil fuels.
d) The CO2 exhaled by the passenger is also removed.
f) More efficient than IC engine.
17) What are the requirements of hybrid vehicle? (Nov 09)
a) Increased fuel efficiency

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b) Reduced emissions
c) Increased acceleration capacity
d) Reduced noise emission
18) Write short notes on series hybrid vehicles (Nov 09)
The engine runs a motor directly and also charges a battery. Thus the motor thus drives the vehicle
always. The motor can also be used for regenerating braking.
19) What are components of hybrid cars? (May 13)
a) An electric motor
b) A generator
c) Direct injection gasoline engine.
PART B
(16 MARKS)
1. Write short notes on the following: (May 13)
a. Stabilizers
b. Electric vehicles
2. Discuss the functions and benefits of airbags used in cars. (May 13)
3. Write short note on the following: (May 12)
a. Air bags
b. Fuel cells
4. With a schematic layout, explain the working of series and parallel configuration type hybrid cars.
(May 12)
5. Describe the concept of Electric and Hybrid vehicle with neat sketch. (Nov 12)
6. Write short notes on: (Nov 12)
a. Antilock braking system and
b. Air bags
7. Differentiate cross-ply and radial-ply tyres.
8. Explain the construction and operation of hydraulic braking system with a sketch. (May 10)
9. Describe the salient features of using LPG as an alternate fuel.
10. Explain why Hydrogen is considered as the most favorable fuel for future. (May 10)
11. What is natural gas? What are the advantages and disadvantage of using natural gas as alternate fuels?
12. Compare LPG and petrol as fuel for SI engines. (May 09)
13. What all other possible fuels for engines? Explain.
14. With a sketch explain LPG (propane) fuel feed system. (May 09)
15. Explain the method of biodiesel production through esterification process.
16. Discuss the alternative fuel suitable for compression ignition engine driven automobiles.
17. With a block diagram indicating clearly the power flow explain the operation of a hybrid vehicle.
18. Explain the working principle of fuel cell with a neat sketch. (May 10)

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19. With a layout diagram, explain the working features of hybrid vehicles.
20. Write short notes on: (May 09)
a. Electric vehicles
b. Bio diesel concept in vehicles.
21. Explain the working of fuel cell and list out its advantages over other alternative fuels.
22. Discuss the use of following alternative fuels in automobile engines (Nov 09)
a. LPG
b. Biodiesel
c. CNG

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