JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
Question 1: The function f : [0, 3] -> [1, 29] defined by f(x) = 2x3 - 15x2 + 36x + 1 is
(a) one-one and onto
(b) onto but not one-one
(c) one-one but not onto
(d) neither one-one nor onto
Answer: (b)
Solution:
The function f : [0, 3] -> [1, 29] defined by
f(x) = 2x3 - 15x2 + 36x + 1
f'(x) = 6x2 - 30x + 36
= − 6(x2 - 5x + 6)
= 6(x - 2)(x - 3)
f(x) is increasing in [0, 2] and decreasing in [2, 3].
We know, if function is strictly increasing or decreasing in its domain, then it is one-one. But given
function is increasing as well as decreasing.
So, f(x) is many one.
f(0) = 1
f(2) = 29 and
f(3) = 28
Range is [1, 29].
The function is onto.
Question 2: Let f(x) = x2 and g(x) = sin x for all x Є R. Then the set of all x satisfying (f o g o g o f)(x) = (g o
g o f)(x), where (f o g)(x) = f(g(x)) is.
Solution:
(g o f)(x) = g(f(x) = sin x2
g o (g o f)(x) = g(g(f(x)) = sin(sin x2)
(f o g o g o f) (x) = [sin (sin x2)]2 ...(i)
Again,
(g o g o f) (x) = sin (sin2x) ...(ii)
Now,
[sin (sin x2)]2 = sin (sin x2)
sin(sin x2)(sin(sin x2 - 1) = 0
JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
=>sin x2 = 0, sin x2 = π/2
But, sin x2 = π/2 can not be a solution as sin x Є [-1, 1]
=>x2 = n π or x = ± √nπ where n Є {0, 1, 2, 3,…..}
Question 3: A function f from the set of natural numbers to integers defined by
f(n) = (n - 1)/2, when n is odd, and
f(n) = -n/2, when n is even
(a) one-one but not onto
(b) onto but not one-one
(c) one-one and onto both
(d) neither one-one nor onto
Answer: (c)
Solution:
If n = odd: clearly shown that function is one-one and onto.
For example, if f: N -> I
Let x, y Є N and both are even.
so, f(x) = f(y) => -x/2 = -y/2 => x = y
If n = even, values are set of all negative integers. Again, function is one-one and onto.
For example, if f: N -> I
Let x, y Є N and both are odd.
so, f(x) = f(y) => (x-1)/2 = (y-1)/2 => x = y
Therefore, option (c) is correct.
Question 4: The range of the function f(x) = 3|sin x| - 2|cos x| is
(a) [-2, √13]
(b) [-2, 3]
(c) [-3, 2]
(d) [3, √13]
Answer: (c)
Solution:
f(x) = 3|sin x| - 2|cos x|
If f(x) is continuous function and |sin x| and |cos x| are always positive.
Find Minimum and Maximum value of f(x):
JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
f(x) is minimum when |sin x| = 0 and |cos x| = 1
The minimum value will be = 0 - 3 = -3
f(x) is max when |sin x| = 1 and |cos x| = 0
The max value will be = 2 - 0 = 2
The required range is [-3, 2]
Question 5: If f:R-> R satisfy f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y), for all x, y Є R and f(1) = 7 then∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑓(𝑟) is
(a) 7n(n + 1)
(b) 7n/2
(c) 7(n+1)/2
(d) 7n(n+1)/2
Answer: (d)
Solution:
f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) for all x, y Є R
f(1 + 1) = 2 f(1) = 2(7)
f(2) = 2(7)
Therefore, f(3) = f(1) + f(2) = 7 + 2(7) = 3(7)
=> f(x) = ax
=> a(1) = 7 => a = 7
f(x) = 7x
Question 6: The range of the function f(x) = 7-xPx-3 is
(a) {1, 2, 3}
(b) {1, 2, 3, 4}
(c) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Answer: (a)
JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
Solution:
Given function is f(x) = 7-xPx-3
When 7 – x ≥ 0 => x ≤ 7
When x – 3 ≥ 0 => x ≥ 3
And 7 – x ≥ x – 3 => x ≤ 5
This implies, 3 ≤ x ≤ 5
=>x = 3, 4, 5
So, the range is {1, 2, 3}
Question 7: If fx(x) = 1/k (sinkx + coskx) where x Є R and k ≥ 1, then f4(x) - f6(x) is
(a) 1/6 (b) 1/4 (c) 1/5 (d) 1/12
Answer: (d)
Solution:
fx(x) = 1/k (sinkx + coskx)
At x = 4 and at x = 6
f4(x) = 1/4 (sin4x + cos4x) and f6(x) = 1/6 (sin6x + cos6x)
Now, f4(x) - f6(x) = 1/4 (sin4x + cos4x) - 1/6 (sin6x + cos6x) …(1)
Using identity: (a4 + b4) = (a2 + b2)2 – 2a2b2 and (a6 + b6) = (a2 + b2)3 – 3a2b2(a2 + b2) and also, we know,
sin2 x + cos2x = 1
(1) => f4(x) - f6(x) = 1/4(1 – 2 sin2 x cos2x) – 1/6 (1 – 3 sin2 x cos2x)
= 1/4 -1/6
= 1/12
Question 8: The function f: N -> N defined by f(x) = x - 5[x/5], where N is the set of natural numbers
and [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x, is
(a) one-one and onto
(b) one-one but not onto
(c) onto but not one-one
(d) neither one-one nor onto
Answer: (d)
Solution:
The function f: N -> N defined by f(x) = x - 5[x/5], where N is the set of natural numbers and [x] denotes
the greatest integer.
Consider x in intervals of 5 natural numbers.
JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
Where x Є N.
From the above graph, we can conclude that f(x) is neither one-one nor onto.
Question 9: Let f : (–1, 1) -> B, be a function defined by f(x) = tan-1(2x)/(1 - x2), then f is both one-one
and onto when B is the interval
(a) [0, π/2] (b) (0, π/2) (c) (- π/2, π/2) (d) [-π/2, π/2]
Answer: (d)
Solution:
f(x) = tan-1(2x)/(1 - x2)
For x Є (-1, 1)
f(x) = tan-1 [2x/(1-x2)]
Replace x by tan A
f(tan A) = tan-1 (tan 2A) = 2 tan-1 A
=> -π/2 < tan-1 (2x/(1-x2) < π/2
JEE Main Maths Previous Year Questions With Solutions on
Relations and Functions
Question 10: The function f: R -> [-1/2, 1/2] defined as f(x) = x/(1+x2), is
(a) invertible
(b) Surjective but not injective
(c) Neither injective nor surjective
(d) injective but not surjective
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Given: f(x) = x/(1+x2)
Differentiate above function:
function is not injective as it changes sign in different intervals.
Let y = x/(1+x2)
or yx2 - x + y = 0
for y = 0 => x = 0
[for y ≠ 0]
And Range: [-1/2, 1/2]
Therefore, function is surjective but not injective.
