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443 views270 pages5664 3
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ISRAEL STANDARD SI 5664 PART 3. 3 pin 5664 "noes jan
February 2008 2008 was - N"owNnA 'x TK
ICS CODE: 7.080
75.200
NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
syau ra nziin? non
y
Cnp> The Standards Institution of Israel
42 Chaim Levanon Street, Tel-Aviv 69977, Tel. 03-6465154, Fax 03-6412762, www.sii.org.il SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
This Standard was prepared by a Committee of Experts, comprised of the following members:
‘Armand Abramovici, Yossi Bar, Armand Coter, Josef Jurborsky (chairman), Shem -Tov Levy,
‘Shmuel Turgeman
‘Also the following contributed to the preparation of the Standard:
~ William Duncan and Bernd J. Selig from abroad.
~ David Bashan, Arieh Gilead, Philip Michelson, Sandra Moscovici, Aryeh Nizan, Amichai
Pessach, Cobi Ben-Shetrt,
This Standard was approved by the Technical Committee TC 407 — Natural gas transmission:
Association of Engineers, Architects and Graduates
in Technological Sciences in Israel
Federation of Israeli Chambers of Commerce
Fire and Rescue Commission
Histadrut Consumer Protection Authority
Israel Electric Co.
Israel Natural Gas Lines
Manufacturers Association of Israel
Ministry of the Environment
Ministry of the interior
Ministry of National Infrastructures
The Israel Institute of Petroleum and Energy
‘The Standards Institution of Israel / Industry Division
Amichai Pessach
Yehuda Melis
‘Sandra Moscovici
Esra Levenberg (chairman)
‘Armand Abramovici
Itsik Hanuni
Chaim Ferenc
Jacob Dror
Michal Eitan
Josef Jurborsky
Jacob Adam
Jack Revah
Coordinators of the Standard preparation: Jacob Gal and Limor Argaman. SI $664 Part 3 (2008)
Notice of measure of compliance of Israeli Standards with foreign Standards or
documents
This Israeli Standard excluding the modifications and additions indicated, is identical to the
American Standard ASME B31.8-2003,
Descriptors: gas pipelines, gas supply, natural gas, pipelines
‘anon mien
hay ,yau 1 ra N7OOA TA May
Updating the Standard
Israel Standards are reviewed perlodically at least every five years, in order to adapt them to scientific
and technological developments. Users of Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of
the latest editions of the Standard including its Amendments.
‘A document appearing in the “Reshumot” (The Israeli Official Journal) as an Amendment may De a
separate Amendment, or an Amendment incorporated into the Standard.
Official Standard
‘Whether the document or parts of it are Official should be checked. An Official Standard or
‘Amendment (in whole or in part) takes effect 60 days following publication of the notice in the
“Reshumot’, unless the notice states otherwise for the effective date,
Standards Mark
Amanufacturer of a product complying with the requirements of the
applicable Israel Standards is entitled, after being licensed by the
Standards Institution of Israel, to mark it wth the Standards Mark: fh
Copyright
This Standard or any part of it may not be photocopied, copied or published by any means
whatsoever, without prior permission in writing of the Standards Institution of Israel. © SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Introduction to the Israeli Standard
This Israeli Standard is the American Standard ASME B31.8 - 2003 approved in the English
language as an Israel Standard with netional deviations.
The following elements of the Standard are brought in the order given below:
The Scope clause (with national deviations).
Details of the national deviations to the clauses of the American Standard,
‘The American Standard (verbatim).
This Standard is part of a Standard series dealing with a natural gas pipeline system.
‘The Standards in this series are the following:
'$15664-1 - Natural gas transmission pipeline system ~ General
'S19664-2 - Natural gas transmission pipeline system ~ Additional requirements for
steel pipeline
S15664-3 - Natural gas distribution system
‘The ASME B31.8 scope includes transmission and distribution systems .
For SI 5864-3, only the clauses relevant to the distribution system as given in the ASME
831.8, are applicable.
SCOPE AND INTENT (Clause 802 of the American Standard with national
deviations)
Note: The national deviations to this clause are broughtin a di gfe
802.1 Scope
802.11 This Code covers the design, fabrication, installation, inspection, and testing of
pipeline facilities used for the transportation of gas. This Code also covers safety
aspects of the operation and maintenance of those facilities.
802.12 This Code does not apply to
(a) Design end manufacture of pressure vessels covered by the BPV Code",
{b) Piping with metal temperatures above 450 °F or below —20 °F. (For low
temperature within the range covered by this Code, see para, 812.);
(c) Piping beyond the outlet of the customer's meter set assembly (Refer to
ST 5664-4; see note after subclause (m)).However, if the
consumer's meter set asembly is installed outside his
premises, this Standard also covers the sectiors of the
system from the outlet of the consumer's meter up to the
first valve on the consumer's premises;
{d) Piping in oll refineries or natural gasoline extraction installations, gas treating
Installation piping other than the main gas stream piping In dehydration, and all
other processing installations installed as part of a gas transmission system, gas
() BPV Code references here and elsewhere in this Code are to the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code, 1.5664 Part 3 (2008)
manufacturing installations, industrial installations or mines. (See other applicable
sections of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31.);
(©) Vent piping to operate at substantially atmospheric pressures for waste gases of
any kind;
(9) Wellhead assemblies, including control valves, flow lines between wellhead and trap
Cr separator, offshore platform production faciity piping, or casing and tubing in gas
or oil wells. (For offshore platform production facility piping, see API RP 14c.);
{(@) The design and manufacture of proprietary items of equipment, apparatus or
instruments;
(h) The design and manufacture of heat exchangers (Refer to appropriate TEMA®
Standard);
(i). Liquid petroleum transportation piping systems (Refer to ANSVASME 831 4.);
(Liquid siury transportation piping systems (Refer to ASME 831.11.)
(&) Carbon dioxide transportation piping systems;
(). Liquefied natural gas piping systems (Refer to NFPA 58A and ASME 831.3.)
(m) Gaz service lines in apartments and milti apartment
residential buildings (Refer to St 5664-4).
note:
Currently, S1 5664-4 is under preparation, Until its publicaticn,
108/G/5 or NPPA 54 may be used, a5 applicable.
802.2 Intent
802.21
802.22
802.23
‘The requirements of this Code are adequate for safety under conditions usully
encountered in the gas industry. Requirements for all unusual conditions cannot be
‘specifically provided for, nor are all details of engineering and construction
prescribed; therefore, activities involving the design, construction, operation or
maintenance of gas distribution pipelines should be undertaken using supervisory
personnel having the experience or knowledge (o make adequate provision for
such unusual conditions and specific engineering and constructicn details. All work
performed within the scope of this Code shall meet or exceed the safety standards,
expressed or implied herein.
This code is concerned with
(@) Safety of the general public;
(b) Employee safety to the extent that itis affected by basic design, quality of
materials and workmanship, and requirements for testing, operations and
maintenance of gas transmission and distribution facilities, Existing industrial
safety procedures pertaining to work areas, safety devices, and safe work
practices are not intended to be suppianted by this Code.
[tis not intended that this Code be applied retroactively to such aspects of existing
installations as design, fabrication, installation, and testing at the time of construction.
Tubular Exchange Manufacturers Association, 25 North Broadway, Tarrytown,
NY 10591 802.24
SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Further, itis not intended that this Code be applied retroactively to established
operating pressures of existing installations, except as provided for in Chapter V.
Provisions of this Code shall be applicable to operating and maintenence
procedures of existing installations, and when existing installations are uprated.
802.25 Qualification of Personnel
802.26
802.27
A qualification program for all persons employed on gas
distribution systems that affect safety or integrity stall be
established
Any person engaged in the design, construction, inspection,
commissioning, operation, maintenance or alteration to a gas
distribution system should be competent to carry out any wo!
that affects safety or integrity. A person is competent when
he has the knowledge, skills and ability to carry out the
assigned task/function. This may be achieved by an
appropriate combination of education, training and practical
experience.
As appropriate, training should cover all aspects of design,
construction, inspection, commissioning, operation,
maintenance or operation to a gas distribution system
including operational safety and emergency procedures, as
well as technical procedures concerning maintenance of
pipelines, regulators and associated equipment.
The qualification program shall be fully documented and
approved by the distribution system operator.
For informative references see ASME 5310 and GWINTO
For further information concerning pipeline integrity, reference the non-mandatory
supplement ASME B31.8S, Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines.
Quality Management system
A quality management system shall be established by the
pipeline operator that shall comply with SI/1so 9001 ~
Quality Management Systems. SI/ISO 9001 certification shall
be acl
ved.
All materials and equipment should be selected to ensure
safety and suitability for the conditions of use, in
accordance with relevant legislation, standards, technical
specifications and this Standard.
902.28 Records
An effective record system shall be maintained for the
design, installation, operation, inspection and maintenance
of the distribution system. For recommended record keeping
see Appendix W. SI 5864 Part 3 (2008)
All records shall be retained for the lifetime of the system.
802.3 Offshore Gas Transmission
‘See Chapter VIII for additional requirements and definitions applicable to offshore
gs transmission systems
National deviations to the clauses of the American standard ASME B31.8-2003
803 PIPING SYSTEM DEFINITIONS
The clause is applicable with the following deviations:
~ Add the following clause before 803.1:
803.0 Interpretation of mandatory and non-mandatory requirements
Can: Indicates a physical possibility.
May: —_ Indicates an option which is not mandatory.
Shall: Indicates a requirement,
Should: Indicates a strong preference, but allows deviations on a technical basis
803.1 General Terms.
~ Add the following after 803.14
803.111 Natural gas
‘A mixture of gases, hydrocarbons or others, mainly methane (CH), in the gaseous
state, at @ temperature of 15°C and at atmospheric pressure (1.013 bar).
803.2 Piping Systems
803.22 Distribution System
803.222 The first two words, “High-pressure” shall be deleted.
At the end of the first sentence, after the words "the customer’, edd the words "up
10 16 ber",
804 PIPING SYSTEMS COMPONENT DEFINITIONS
‘The clause is applicable with the following aditions:
‘Add the following clause after 804.25:
804.3 Additional Glossary and Acronyms
AGI ‘Above ground installation.
Ambient temperature ‘The environmental temperature.
Anchorage Fixing of pipe ends, bends and tees in order to prevent
movement.
Branch Aconnection, usually at right angles, often to a larger
pipeline.
Butt fusion A method of jointing PE pipes anc fittings, where the two
pipe ends are heated and brought together to be fused
without the use of a separate fitting or filler material By-pass
Butt welding
CAR
Cathodic protection (CP)
crs
Collar
Continuity bond
cP
Cutout
ov
pe
DEG
Di-ethylene glycol (DEG)
Design pressure (DP)
Direct acting (regulator)
Distribution system operator
Double block and bleed
oP
EC
Ecv
$1 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Apipe valve and gauge system, used to provide and control
‘the continuity of ges supply normally used when alterations
to pipelines are carried out
A method of jointing stee! pipes and fittings of similar outside
diameter, by bridging the gap between them with successive
deposits of weld metal.
Corrective action report.
‘Amethod of inhibiting corrosion of buried steel instaliation by
‘ensuring that itis permanently cathodic, ie. electrically
negative, to the electrolyte in the surrounding soll
Close interval potential survey.
A iting used to join together the plain ends of two pipes.
An electrical connection made between two sections of a
pipeline prior to and during their temporary severance, to
prevent sparking from stray currents or static electricity.
Cathodic protection.
A section of pipeline to be isotated for replacement, repair or
the installation of an in-line tee to extend supplies.
Calorifc value.
Direct current,
Di-ethylene glycol
‘A gas conditioning agent used to swell the yarn in lead!yarn
joints.
The pressure on which design calculations are based.
A regulator (or other device) not requiring auxiliary power for
operation
‘An organization that is licensed to operate a distribution
system by the appropriate authority.
‘Two flow stopping devices (both of which may be
incorporated in an individual block valve of appropriate
design) with a vent between them. Also known as a block
and bleed.
Design pressure.
European Community.
Emergency control valve. A valve, not being an "additional
‘emergency control valve" (AEC) for shutting off the supply
‘of gas in an emergency, intended for use by @ consumer of
{928 and being installed at the end of a service or distribution
main. SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Elastomeric
Electro-fusion
Encirclement fiting
EPM
ESP
FID
Fusion
cis
GT
HAZOP
HOPE
Ice
Impressed current
Insulation joint
LOF
Leakage survey
LFL
LPG
Marker plate
Marker post
MDPE
MEG
Melt bead
MIP
mv
‘A generic term for materials such as synthetic or natural
rubber.
Method of jointing PE pipe, using fittings having integral
electrical heating coils,
‘Two-part fittings installed around pipe jointed together
longitudinally and jointed to the pipe circurrferentially at each
end
Emergency Procedures Manual,
Emergency Service Provider.
Flame ionization detection.
Welded joints made on PE systems, by the controlled
application of heat and pressure.
Geographical Information System.
Gas transporter.
Hazard and operability.
High density polyethylene.
Institution of Gas Engineers.
Assystem of CP, using an external electrical source,
A fitting having high electrical resistance, which can be
inserted in a pipeline to insulate electrically one section of
pipe from another.
Leak detection fluid.
A systematic search for escapes of gas.
Lower flammable limit. The concentration of flammable ges,
vapour or mist in ait. above which combustion can be
sustained.
Liquefied petroleum gas (commercial butane (CyH1a) and
commercial propane (C3He) or mixtures or combinations,
thereof)
Plate giving details of buried gas installation.
Post installed close to buried gas installation, to which @
marker plate is affixed
Medium density polyethylene.
Mono-ethylene glycol.
A\lip of PE displaced during butt fusion of pipe.
Maximum incidental pressure. The maximum pressure to
which the system may be subjected under abnormal
conditions.
Meter inlet valve. MOP.
Monitoriactive (regulator)
MRS
NCR
NDE
NOT
NGA
Overpressure cut-off device
PE
Peak demand shaving
Peak instant demand
Pearson survey
PEX
Pig
Pig tap
Pilot control
PPE
PPM
Pressure
Pressure safety system
PRI
ST 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Maximum operating pressure. The maximum pressure at
Which a system can be operated continuously under normal
‘conditions. Note: MOP will need to be validated by testing,
‘An arrangement of two regulating devices in series whose
pressure settings are stepped so as to allow one (active)
normally to control the outlet pressure and the other
(monitor) to assume controt in the event of failure of the
‘active device to the open position.
Minimum required strength.
Non-conformance report
Non-destructive examination.
Non-destructive testing.
National Gas Authority
A device which is designed to shut off the gas flow in the
event of unacceptably high pressure being detected within
the system it protects, for example an actuated valve.
Polyethylene.
Means of achieving balance between supply and demand,
during periods of extremely high demand.
The highest instantaneous gas demand, normally measured
at a rate per hour, which occurs over a 60 second period.
‘Amethod of locating faults in pipe protective wrapping, by
measurements taken at ground level above the pipe and
without excavating.
Cross linked polyethylene.
A piston-ike device, for example a steel frame and cup
washers of rubber, neoprene or other suitable material, such
that compressed air, gas or water pressure will propel it
along a pipeline.
A fabricated pipe fitting for inserting and removing pigs from
2 pipeline while in service,
‘An auxiliary system that controls a main regulator or other
device,
Personal protective equipment.
Parts per milion.
Bar or mber above atmospheric pressure, i. gauge
pressure (unless otherwise stated) (1 bar = 100,000 N m2)
‘system, which acts independently and which ensures that
the outlet pressure does not exceed safety limits.
Pressure regulating installation SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Pup.
Purging
Pvc
OA
ac
ams:
Ramp rate
Regulator
Route maps
ROW
Sacrificial anodes
Safety device
SDR
Sensing line.
Set point
Siphon
Slam-shut valve
sMTS
sp
Split collar
‘Squeeze-off
A short make-up piece of pipe.
Displacing one type of gas with another.
Polyvinyl chloride.
Quality assurance.
Quality control.
Quality Management System Le. ISO 9001:2000.
The rate of change of gas flow.
‘A device whose function is to control pressure or volume flow
ata selected point in a gas stream.
Maps to a scale suitable for showing general details, for
‘example agricultural land, bull
special crossings.
Right of way
‘Ameans of corrosion protection for buried equipment. A
mass of relatively electro-positive metal, such as magnesium
or zinc, electrically connected to a pipeline, to ensure that the
pipe is maintained as the cathode in a galvanic cell,
A device which acts independently and which ensures that
the outlet pressure does not exceed or, in some cases, does
not fall below, safety limits
First acting safety - The first safety device ‘0 operate,
typically, a monitor device regulator.
Second acting safety - The second safety device to operate,
typically, a slam-shut device valve.
Standard dimension ratio, The ratio of average outside PE
pipe diameter to minimum specified wall thickness.
‘pipe through which pressure from a sensing point is
transmitted to a device.
‘up areas, contours and all
‘The value of pressure or flow rate which @ regulator or other
control device is set to maintain.
‘vessel installed at a low point in a pipeline, to collect
condensate and other liquids.
valve that is designed to close quickly in the event of an
‘abnormal (usually excess) pressure being detected at a
selected point in a gas stream.
Specified minimum tensile strength
Set point of the regulator.
A fitting in two halves, installed eround a live pipeline, for
‘making connections or repairing a broken or leaking pipeline,
‘Squeezing a pipe to close the bore and stop the flow of gas. Standpipe
sTP
Stream discrimination
‘Stream protection
Strength test
Strip maps
Terminal pressure
Tie-in
Tightness test
Te
Trace heating
Under-pressure tee
Vent pipe
Wayleave (Right of way)
Weldolet
SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
A small diameter pipe, connected vertically to a pipeline.
Strength test pressure. The pressure at which a strength test
Is carried out.
‘A device situated in each regulating stream to prevent a
healthy stream(s) from shutting down due excess pressure in
another stream.
‘A means of ensuring that an excess pressure fault on a
regulator stream causes the sim-shut device on that stream
only to be activated
A specific procedure to verify that pipework meets
requirements for mechanical strength.
Maps, to a large scale, showing the route of a pipeline and
which may contain marginal notes, etc., giving information on
land usage, ownership, etc. and profiles.
‘The lowest pressure at the end of any system.
‘Aweld to join two sections of pipe already laid in @ trench.
A specific procedure to verify that pipework meets
requirements for gas tightness.
Tightness test pressure. The pressure at which a tightness
test is carried out.
Provision for supplying heat to prevent the contents of a pipe
from changing state.
Split fiting used to take a branch connection from a
pressurized pipeline.
‘Small diameter pipe, connected vertically to @ pipeline and
terminated with a flame trap well above the ground level,
Aright of way over another's ground or property, rented to
the owner of a pipeline.
A forged "Set On" branch fiting, of the saddle type, enabling
the fabrication of a fully welded branch connection. 815664 Part 3 (2008)
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
Less than.
Greater than,
Less than or equal to,
Pressure.
An averpressure factor.
‘The pressure that produces a hoop stress of 90% SMYS in
pipework.
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814 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
‘The clause is applicable with the foliowing deviations:
814.1 General Requirements
814.13 Plastic pipe and Components
Delete the clause and add the following:
{814,13 Plastic pipes and components shall conform to [SO 4437 or ISO 14531
Note:
‘Any reference to PE is actualy referenced to PEIPEX
820 Welding
821 General
‘The clause is applicable with the following deviations:
s21.4
Delete the clause and add the following:
821.4 The standard for acceptability for all welds shall be API 1104.
823 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND WELDERS
The clause is epplicable with the following deviations:
823.1 Delete the clause.
823.2 Delete the title
826 INSPECTION OF WELDS
‘The clause is applicable with the following deviations:
826.1 and 826.2 Delete the clauses and add the following after the frst paragraph of
clause 826:
All welds shall be inspected visually by a qualified weld inspector.
10 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Radiographic inspection shall be performed on:
100% of welds on pipelines with MOP of 7 bars and above.
‘At least 50% of welds on pipelines with MOP up to 7 bars.
In the event that a weld defect is found, the level of NDT inspection shall be increased
accordingly.
Additional requirements:
Radiographic inspection shall be performed on:
(a) 100% of the welds in compressor stations, and at major or navigable river crossings,
major highway crossings and railroad crossings, if practical, but in no case less than 90%.
All tie-in welds not subjected to @ pressure proof test shall be examined.
{b) All welds that are inspected must either meet the standards of acceptability of API 1104
or be appropriately repaired and reinspected. The results of the inspection shall be used
to control the quality of welds.
(c) When radiographic examination is employed, a procedure meeting the requirements of
‘API 1104 shall be followed.
(d) When pipe size is less than NPS 6, or when the construction project involves such a
limited number of welds that non-destructive inspection would be impractical, and the pipe
is intended to operate at hoop stress levels of 40% or less of the specified minimum yield
strength, then provisions (a) and (b) above are not mandatory, provided the welds are
inspected visually and approved by @ qualified welding inspector.
{€) In addition to the non-destructive inspection requirements outlined above, the quality of
welds shall be continually controlled by qualified personnel.
(0 Raciogrephic inspection shall be performed by an ISO/SI 17026 accredited NDT
laboratory.
827 REPAIR OR REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WELDS IN PIPING INTENDED TO
OPERATE AT HOOP STRESS LEVELS OF 20% OR MORE OF THE SPECIFIED
MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH
‘The clause is applicable with the following change:
Delete the tile and replace it with the following:
827 REPAIR OR REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WELDS
840 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND TESTING
The clause is applicable with the following additions:
840.1 General Provisions
~ Add the following at the end of 840.1;
(c) A list of material and equipment standards to be utilized for the design of the system shell
be provided as part of the design documentation,
~ Add the following clause after 840.4
iL 815664 Part 3 (2008)
840.11 - Design Process
‘The design of any system can be a very complex, highly interactive and iterative
process which needs to take into account a wide range of fixed and variable factors
to produce a fit-for-purpose design,
The important factors which should be considered are:
+ demand to be satisfied
+ gas pressure and quality
+ gas velocity
+ route of the system
+ material type
+ safety assessment
+ cost of construction
+ future maintenance
+ maintenance management methods
+ system growth.
‘The specific nature of the proposed system will dictate the most appropriate
approach to reach a design, varying from a simple pipelit
pressure tier network to a complete reinforcement scheme affecting more than one
pressure tier with boundary control and system upgrading
When designing the system, the planning horizon or forecast period that needs to
be satisfied should be established. This should be defined in terms of the existing
pattern of gas demand, the scale and probably of growth, the cost of installation
‘over time and the period of time over which the design provides an effective
solution.
Design records and assumptions should be retained, in an easily retrievable format,
in the event clerfication is sought in the future about the “fitness-for purpose”.
Note: In particular, this may prove important where systems operated by different
organisations have to interact.
An effective planning process should take into consideration the lead times and
\e extension within a single
technical requirements of any formal design approval mechanisms. The design
shall be approved by a competent designer (see 802.25).
840.4 Intent
Add the following clause after 840.42
840.43. Adk
ional Considerations for Installation of Distribution Systems
Care of other services and safety of operatives
‘840.431 The requirements of an approved safety practice should be complied with where
12
excavation and construction work is anticipated near other underground services.
Prior consultation should take place with other utlities, so that adequate measures
for protection of their installation can be agreed upon. 840.432
840.433,
SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Site operatives should be provided with all aveilable information on the position and
location of all installations determined from an initial site survey. This should be
‘compared with the result of site surveys produced by an installation location
instrument capable of locating buried cables and pipe systems. Where
discrepancies occur or where other utilities’ apparatus is likely to be affected,
investigation should proceed by hand-excavated trial holes.
Trial holes
‘Trial holes should be opened in advance of trench excavations to prove the
proposed route. They should be excavated to a depth of at least 250 mm below the
proposed pipe bed, to ensure that there is no existing apparatus close to andlor
below the proposed bed of the pipe.
The depth, position and size of any obstacie should be recorded and the route of the
pipeline modified if necessary
‘The general public should be safeguarded from open trial holes, by placing suitable
barriers around the excavations and/or covering with suitable, anchored, plates.
Site precautions
Underground equipment should not be disturbed or altered, in level or alignment,
without the prior consent and approval of the owner or authority concerned.
Electricity cables should be treated as ‘live’, unless the owner certfies them as
“dead!
Adequate provision should be made for the effective temporary support of pipes,
cables and other apparatus during the progress of the work and for their permanent
support where the ground has been disturbed. Any damage to equipment shall be
reported immediately to the owner, even where this damage may appear superficial,
aS unrepaired damages can often lead to premature failure of apparatus.
Where it is necessary to cross or run close to any other apparatus, sufficient
clearance should be left to enable future repairs to be made.
Note:
‘A minimum clearance of 400 mm is recommended (see 841.143, revised)
Care should be taken to prevent other utilities’ apparatus, not exposed but adjacent
to deep excavation, being affected by ground movement, particularly when moving
trench supports,
Care should be taken to prevent contact or arcing between cranes or other
installation and overhead electricity or telecommunication cables, to prevent the
risks of both damage and electric shock to personnel. “Goal posts” should be
provided either side of the line of overhead apparatus, to indicate is position.
Pipes should not be stacked near overhead power lines,
13 S1 5864 Part 3 (2008)
840.434 Gradiont and level
Where there is @ risk or possibility of water or other liquids entering or being
deposited in the pipeline system, arrangements should be considered for the
collection and removal of such liquids. Syphons or dip pipes should be installed at
‘any low point on the route of the pipeline and the pipeline should be laid toa fall of
at least 1 in 200 each side of the low point.
840.435. Depth of cover and locatability in the future
Minimum depths of cover should be as given in Table €40.43(a) and, as far as
practicable, the location of the pipelines should be as shown in Figure 840.43(a),
relative to other installations. Wherever the recommended depth of cover cannot be
achieved, a risk assessment should be carried out to determine whether additional
protection is required. The assessment should include consideration of:
+ other services present and the likelihood of damage to the pipeline while working on
the services
+ the likelinood of new services being added in the future
+ MOP of the pipeline.
Location of pipeline
‘Open fields and agricultural land
TABLE 840.43(a) - MINIMUM DEPTH OF COVER
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WATER
FIGURE 840.43(a) - TYPICAL SECTION OF INSTALLATION IN FOOTWAYS:
Wherever possible, pipes should not be laid within the road constuction level.
14 840.436
840.437
SI $664 Part 3 (2008)
Adverse conditions
Consideration should be given to the supply of a suitable non-corosive material for
the bed and surrounding pipelines. Where pipes ere to be laid in ground which
shows evidence of chemical or industrial wastes, the ground should be checked to
determine if itis aggressive to pipe materials. If itis, the aggressive material should
be removed and replaced for the bed and pipe surroundings.
‘Trenching in made-up ground, or in conditions in which hard points may be
‘expected, should be avoided as far as possible to eliminate any hard spots that
‘would put unacceptable bending stresses onto pipes and may damage PE pipes or
pipe coatings. Care should be taken, in areas of recent excavation, that future
settlement would be unlikely to pul unacceptable stresses onto pipes.
‘When excavating in the vicinity of a landfil site, the excavation should be checked
regularly with @ suitable methane detector. The use of a detector and gas alarm
should also be considered, fo wam operatives of any gas concentrations
‘approaching unsafe levels.
Note:
‘An alarm, which triggers at 20% LFL, would give adequate warning.
ly of oxygen deficiency in the vicinity should also be considered.
The possi
Preparation of trenches
‘The width of any trench should be kept to @ minimum, consistent with the method of
construction.
The bottom of any trench should be trimmed to enable the pipeline to be bedded
evenly and consistently, throughout its length, at the correct cover,
‘Sharp stones should be excluded from the base of the trench and, where laying
across rock or ground of irregular consistency, the trench should be excavated to
75 mm below the required depth, to enable the pipe to be laid on a bed of suitably
compacted material.
‘Support of excavations
Where, because of the depth of the excavation, the nature of the ground or any
superimposed loading, trench sides may become unstable, adequate precautions
shall be taken to prevent the collapse of the excavation.
Trenches which are left open should be inspected at regular intervals and by a
competent person.
Pipe laying without trenching
Trenchless or minimum excavation techniques can reduce the installed cost of pipe
laying operations, since both excavation and reinstatement costs can be saved.
The location of other apparatus should be identified and the position of such
apparatus pre-located on the pipelaying route.
The nature of the sub-soil and the extent of apparatus along the proposed route
should be assessed to determine whether trenchless pipetaying is viable and, if so,
which particular technique is applicable. 815664 Part 3 (2008)
Initial investigation of the proposed route should establish whether there is sufficient
clearance from other underground installations to avoid damage to such installations
and that the pipe can be laid at sufficient depth under roads and footways to avoid
cracking of paved surfaces due to ground heave. Where there is any doubt on the
location and depth of other installations, it should be located by hend-excavated trial
holes prior to work being carried out.
‘The use of trenchless techniques provides potential environmental benefits,
‘especially with respect to noise, dust and disposal of waste materials. Prior to
selecting the preferred method of construction, an assessment of hese benefits,
‘ost, risk, etc., should be carried out,
‘The range and type of equipment available to lay pipelines by no-open-cut
methods to minimise excavation are varied and are improving with the technology of
the day. Reference should be made to specialist equipment manufacturers for
dotails.
840.440 Pipe laying by open cut techniques
‘As with trenchless technologies, there have been great improvements in the variety
and performance of equipment available to carry out excavation in the highway.
840.4401 Excavation techniques and equipment
Equipment most commonly used inciudes mechanical excavators, rockwheels and
chain trenchers which allow the rapid excavation of significant lengths of ground.
Reference should be made to equipment manufacturers for detells of the latest
available equipment.
840.441 Pipeline construction
840.4411 General
All pipes and fittings should be examined for obvious physical defects. Faulty
material should be marked clearly and removed from site. Damege to protective
coatings, wrappings or sheathings should be repaired immediately. A further
inspection should be made prior to using the materials
Coiled pipe should be supplied with the bore clean and temporavily stopped, to
prevent the ingress of foreign material. Cut coils that are to be kept for future use
should be re-stopped after cutting. The bore should be visually inspected before
jointing to ensure that itis clear of foreign matter.
‘When laying is not in progress, particularly overnight, any open pipe end should be
capped securely or plugged to avoid the ingress of water and other contaminants,
During lowering of a pipe into a trench, persons should not be allowed to stand
underneath the suspended pipe.
840.442 Marking, Identification and Locating ability
840.4421 Waming tape shall be installed in the trench above the pige. The correct location is
‘on top of the pipeline half way between the top of the pipeline and the grade. The
16 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
tape width should be 150 mm wide, yellow background with black letters, including
the wording, "Warning" and “Natural gas"
840.4422 All emergency valves and controls shall be identified by signs. The sign shall be
made of 2 durable material, have yellow background, and inciude natural gas
identification
840.4423 For plastic pipelines, measures for future locating of the pipe shall be taken, such
‘as metallic wires interwoven in the waming tape.
Add the following new clause after 840.4:
840.5 Proximity Distances For Distribution system
840.51 Steel systems of MOP <16 bar
‘The design factor, f, should not exceed 0.3. This means that the maximum stress in
the pipe wall will not be more than 0.3 (30%) of SMTS of the material
‘The minimum proximity to normaliy-occupied buildings should be as specified in
‘Table 840.54 and, in any event, at all pressures above 2 bars, the proximity should
not be less than 3m.
840.52 All systems.
‘The proximity distances shown in Table 840.5A ate based on current industry safe
practice and should be observed.
‘The proximity distances given for PE pipes in Table 840.54 for diameters exceeding
18 mm and MOP exceeding 2 bar may be insufficient for multl-occupancy buildings
such as hospitals, schools, rest homes, elc. where the mobility of inhabitants may be
restricted, In such cases, a separate risk assessment should be carried out to
determine whether the given proximity distances are sufficient.
A pipeline of MOP exceeding 7 bar should not, normally, be laid in a central area of a
town or city with a high population density, many multi-storey buildings, dense traffic
and numerous underground services unless justified through @ suitable risk
assessment.
7 1.5664 Part 3 (2008)
Hu MOP
MATERIAL >a [S55] >7
iss |27"| 20
ber | ber | bar
Grade (PE)
Size (Steel)"*
PE 80 SOR 26
E80 SOR 17.6
PE 80 SOR 11
BE 100 SDR 17,
Steel t < 9.52
‘Steel t2 9.52 < 11.97
Steelt= 11.91
PE 80 SDR 26
PE 80 SDR 17.6
PE 80 SDR 41
Pe 100 SDR AT
‘Steel t < 9.52
Steel t= 9.52 < 11.91
‘Steel t> 11.91
Minimum proximity (m
PE 80 SOR 26
BE 80 SOR 17.6
PE 80 SOR If
E 100 SDR 17
Steel t < 9.52,
Steel t= 9.62 < 11.91
Steelt> 11.91
355-400 | PE 80 SDR 26
PE 80 SDR 17.6
PE 80 SDR it
PE 100 SDR 11
Steel t < 9.52
Steel t> 9.52 < 11,91
Steel t= 11.91
PE 80 SOR 26
PE 80 SOR 17.6
PE 80 SDR 11
PE 100 SDR 17
Steel t < 9.52
Steel t2 9.52 < 11.91
Steel t= 11.91
fe ef sf fm Polen feed pl foo fee ef fin fe
Notes:
4; Minimum wall thickness in accordance with appropriate standards.
2: For PE 100 laig inside a continuous steel sleeve, revert to steel pipe proximity
3: Use operating pressure limits in Table 842.92(c) (Revised).
4: Its assumed that interference damage removes a complete section of pipe.
5, The table applies to all main and service lines excluding the service line connected directly to the
‘consumer,
TABLE 840.5A - MINIMUM PROXIMITY TO NORMALLY-OCCUPIED BUILDINGS
(NATURAL GAS)
18 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
841 STEEL PIPE
‘The clause is applicable with the following additions:
841.1 Steel Piping Systems Design Requirements
841.14 Cover, Clearance, and Casing Requirements for Buried Stee! Pipelines and
Mains
841.142 Cover Requirements for Pipelines
Add note:
Note:
For distribution system see 840.43 (Revised)
841.143 Clearance Between Pipelines or Mains and Other Underground Structures
Delete subclause (b) and replace it with:
(b) The required clearance between buried gas mains and other underground structures shall
be:
(1) from electric cables: according to the Electric Regulations (Installation of high voltage
electric cables), 2001, and Electric Regulations (Installation of conduits and wiring in
which the voltage does not exceed low voltage), 2002
(2) 1 m from gravitational sewage pipes lying along the mains, 0.5 m from crossing pipe.
(3) 0.4 m from any other underground structure.
When such clearance cannot be attained, precautions to protect the main shall be taken, such
2s the installation of insulating material or casing.
841.3 Testing After Constructions
841.31 General Provisions
‘At the end of the first paragraph add:
For recommended practice of testing, see App. T.
‘Add a clause after 841.33
841.331
For distribution systems, testing shell be 1.5 MOP
841.332
For hydrostatic testing, potable water shall be used. Water quality certificates shall be obtained.
842 OTHER MATERIALS
‘The clause is applicable with the following deviations:
842.3 Design of Plastic Piping
1842.32 Thermoplastic Design Limitations
Delete subclauses (c) and (d) and add the following:
‘The maximum operating pressure (MOP) shall not be more than those stated in table
842.32(c) (Revised).
19 1.5864 Part 3 (2008)
Delete Table 842.32(c) and replace with the following:
‘Outside pipe PEIPEX 60 PEIPEX 100
diameter (mm) SORT SORT? (note5) | SDR11 _] SDR 17 (note)
MOP (bar) + (safety factor)
6 55 (29) = 72.9) -
20 55 (2.9) = Tes)
2 5529) = 79) =
2 5529) = 729) =
% 5529) ~ 729) =
50 55 (2.9) 5 TRS) >
63 5529) TD :
75 55 (29) 34 25) 79) 43 (2.9)
90 55 (2.9) 34 (28) TOS) 2325)
710 5529) 34 0S) ) 43 (2.9)
125 5529) 34@5) Te) 432.9)
140 55 (2.9) 3.4 (2.9) Tea) 4329)
760 5529) 3429) ao) 4329)
180 a7 hay 3429) 729) 4329)
200 44 (48) 3429) Te) 4329)
25 44 (68) 34 (28) 7@9) 43 G5)
250 44 (46) 3428) 7@s) 43@S)
280 44 (6.6) 3429) TES 4329)
315 34 G7) 2786) 7@a) 43 (2.9)
355 3462) 253.9) 729) 4329)
400 29 (55) 23 (42) 7@9) 4329)
450 27 (69) 2244) 729) 4329)
B00 2564) 20 (4.8) 729) 43 (29)
630 Refer to manufacturer
Noto 1: Tho above values will change as developments improve material properties and reference will
need to be made to manufacturers for details of current temperature and pressure limits.
Note 2:
Note.
reduction facilty
Note 4:
safety factors are shown in brackets.
‘Special consideration shall be given to the selection of pipe material downstream of a pressure
femperature range includes both gas flow temperature and ambent non flowing conditions,
Note 5: For SDR 17, the actual SDR in PEX pipos is 16.2 (the safety factor is slighty higher).
Consequently tis forbidden to use mechanical joints to joint PE pipe to PEX pipe cf same diameter.
‘TABLE 842.32(c) - OPERATING PRESSURE LIMITS FOR GRADES OF PE/PEX
FOR THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 0 TO 20°C
20 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
842.39 Plastic Pipe and Tubing Joints and Connections
Delete the clause and add the following:
842.391
842.392
General
The number of joints should be minimised by using pipe in colled form or, if straight
pipe is used, the longest practical length. Preference should be given to jointing
processes which maintain homogeneity of the pipe system, ie. butt fusion or
electrofusion.
Noto:
‘Whore this isnot possible, mechanical joints are available,
“The principal objective should be thet the resultant joint performance is as good as
that of the pipe itself, under all normal operating conditions
Jointing should be undertaken by competent operators and using approved
procedures, based on ISO/TS 10839 equipment and material. Reference should be
made to the manufacturer's specifications.
‘An appropriate QC system shall be used to ensure that fusion jointing is carried out
in accordance with the specified procedures and monitored by qualified personnel.
Fusion jointing procedures and equipment
Properiy constructed joints should not fail within the lifetime of the pipe system.
However, adverse citcumstances or installation constraints may arise which could
affect the joint performance end, therefore, due cognizance should be taken of the
following points, to ensure good joint integrity:
~ Formal jointing procedures should be developed for each fusion method, in
conjunction with the manufacturers of pipe, fittings and equipment. These
procedures should cover safe working practices, preparation of the joint,
alignment, clamping, temperature, time pressure control and appropriate cooling
periods.
~ Power sources should be chosen carefully to match the energy requirements of
the jointing technique.
= Operators should be trained under a formal programme to cover the execution of
‘the jointing procedures. They should be assessed for competence prior to
Undertaking such work and re-assessed periodically thereafter.
- Formal procedures for the operation and maintenance of fusion equipment should
be developed with the equipment manufacturers.
~ Equipment for fusion jointing should be examined at regular intervals and
immediately prior to use. Particular attention should be paid to the condition of
heater faces, temperature indicators and mechanical methods of achieving
alignment clamping within set limits.
- Methods of inspection and testing of fusion joints, for example, dimensional, visual
appearance, melt bead removal and examination, destructive testing, ultrasonics,
etc., should be included in the quality contral procedures for system construction
2 1.5664 Part 3 (2008)
842,393 Butt fusion jointing
2
Butt fusion provides the strongest joint and is least susceptible to stress cracking,
‘The jointing process is vulnerable to the effects of the wind chil factor especially at
low ambient temperatures for which protection can be afforded by the use of a
{ointing tent and pipe stopper(s).
Note 1:
Butt fusion joints can also be susceptible to inclusions of foreign matter and failure of a poorly
made joint that can result in a full crcumforental break with substantial release of gas.
Note 2:
Equipment that offers automatic control and data retrieval facilities which provide joint
jlable and is preferred.
Jointing should not be undertaken with pipas of differing materials or wall thickness.
Pipe end alignment and ovality should be within prescribed limits to ensure integrity
Jointing should be in accordance with the appropriate parameters prescribed for the
pipe size, wall thickness and materiel, obtainable from the pipe manufacturers and
construction records and assist future traceability is a
‘equipment suppliers.
Joints should be examined visually to check that the bead is the correct shape and
size and that excessive misalignment of the pipes has not ocourred. Suitable bead
gauges are available for this purpose. It has been demonstrated, that on occasions,
the first butt fusion made on site can result in poor joint quality. This has been
attributed to fine dust particles which are attracted to a cold PTFE heater plate by
electrostatic charge. However, the plate will lose this charge when hot. Prior to
commencing site butt fusion jointing, the cold heater plate should be thoroughly
cleaned, using clean water and lint-free cloth or issue, Grease and oil films may be
removed using suitable alcohol wipes.
Even though washing may remove large deposits of ditt, residual fine particles of
dust may remain on the heater plate. To remove this, @ trial or “dummy" joint should
bbe made at the start of any jointing session, change in the pipe diameter or when
the heater plate has been allowed to cool.
Note:
Itis not necessary to complete « full joint and the procedure can be discontinued after the
heating cycle Is completed. Pipe ends can then be re-planed following the prescribed cooling
time,
All external beads should be removed using suitable equipment, which does not
cause damage to the pipe, as a means of assessing joint integrity. Consideration
should be given to the removal of the internal bead to allow for smooth flow of gas
and, hence, to reduce any friction factor that will reduce capacity.
The underside of the bead should be checked for signs of contamination. Following
repeated bending of the weld bead, there should be no signs of any circumferential
slit defect (as shown in Appendix 7). If any contamination or sit dafect or lack of 842.304
SI 5654 Part 3 (2008)
fusion or other defect is observed, the weld should be cut out and retained for
further investigation.
Tensile test specimens from butt fusion joints can be produced in the laboratory and
tested to failure in a tensile testing machine. For a weld to be considered
satisfactory, the fracture surfaces of the tensile specimens should show a high
degree of ductility
When submitting joints for tensile testing, beads should, ideally, be left intact and
the pipe cut at a minimum distance of 150 mm on either side of the joint.
Note 1:
Thin sections cut across the butt fusion weld can also be assessed by examination of thoir
‘microstructure under an optical microscope and using polarised light,
Note 2:
‘The use of radiography may detect large defects such as porosity, shrinkage cavities, cracks
and inclusions but will not detect those resulting from cold fusion or incorrect fuston
parameters.
Electro-fusion jointing
Electro-fusion involves the use of fitings with integral heating coils which, when
energised from an electrical control box, matt the outside of the pipe and the inside
of the fiting. Melt pressure develops at the interface, promoting good mixture of the
molten surfaces and the formation of a homogeneous joint.
Electro-fusion is suitable for jointing pipes and fitings of different grades of PE and
is independent of the pipe wall thickness.
The integrity of the joint is derived from the control ofthe fusion cycle and power unit
and, where applicable, assured by the visual protrusion of the fusion indicators or
temperature sensitive labels.
‘A partial or lack of movement of the fusion indicators would indicate that insufficient
melt pressure had been developed between pipe and fiting or insufficient heat had
been generated. This would result from incorrect assembly, inadequate clamping or
the heating time being too short.
Excessive movement of the fusion indicators would indicate that too much heat has
been applied to the fiting. This would result from the heating time being too long or
relative movernent occurring between pipe and fiting during heatirg,
Electro-fusion requires accurate control of the heating and cooling cycles. Automatic
‘control units with data retrieval fecilies are to be preferred. Fittings should be
retained in their protective wrappings until immediately before fusion. Alignment and
anchorage during the fusion cycle are especially important and movement during
the fusion process should be prevented by the use of alignment clamps.
Pipe ends should be cut square and the outer pipe surface scraped, beyond the
fusion area, in order to remove the oxide layer. Over-scraping should be avoided.
This operation should be left unti immediately before jointing.
23 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
842,395
Note:
“The use of mechanical tools which remove a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.4 mm as.@
‘continuous ribbon, is preferred.
Care should be taken to ensure that the pipe end spigots are pushed into the centre
of the coupler and cover all the heating coils.
Note:
Failure to ensure adequate penetration can lead to uncontrolled flow of molten PE.
Where electro-fusion couplers are used in conjunction with thin-walled pipes or
there is the need to mechanically revert the pipe ends, metal or plastic inserts
‘should be used to retain dimensional stability during the fusion process.
Where required, the strength of electro-fusion joints should be assessed by drop
weight and crush strength tests (for saddle fitings) and peel testing (for socket
fitings). The fracture surfaces should show a high degree of ductility.
Mechanical jointing
Mechanical methods of jointing are employed where fusion methods are
impracticable, where materials or dimensions are unsuitable for a particular fusion
method or for the transition from PE. to pipes of other materials.
Mechanical fitings should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions and using approved tools and equipment. Due regard should be given
to the correct positioning of any inserts, gaskets or seals and the achievement of the
recommended bolting torques.
Mechanical fitings should be end-load bearing.
Note 1:
Pipe or tubing shall not be threaded.
Note 2:
Designs using elastomeric seals or those based upon controled compression of the pipe wall
are preferred. Usually, such systems incorporate a supporting liner on the reactive eurface of
the pipe wall opposite to that to which the load! is applied.
Note 3:
‘There are three principal joining methods:
+ the use of controlled external collapsing rings, which cause the PE to cold flow onto the
intemal suppor liner to provide both sealing and end loading
+ the controled internal expansion of the internal suppor Ir
the PE to seal
+ the compression of an elastomeric seal onto the pipe, to form the seal with additional
Internal or external locking devices.
Fittings should be free of rough or sharp edges likely to damage the PE pipe.
During pressure testing, or where unrestrained mechanical fitings are used,
restraint against pressure-induced thrust should be provided,
9 against a fixed ring, ullising
842.44 Bends and Branches
‘Add at the end of subclause (a): but not less than the radius stated in Table 842.44 (2).
24 SI 5664 Part 3 (2008)
MINIMUM BEND RADIUS
SbR | Without joint in bend With joint in bend
ih 15D 25D
7 15D 25D
2 ES ‘45D
= nomnslalameter of pipe.
Table 842.44(a) - Minimum bend radii of PE pipe
842.52 Test requirements
~ Add at the end of subsiause (a):
‘The effects of creep, ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure shall be considered
and included in the testing procedures,
For recommended practice of testing, see Appendix T.
~ Add a subclause after (e):
(f) For hydrostatic test, potable water shall be used. Water quality certificates shall be
obtained.
845 CONTROL AND LIMITING OF GAS PRESSURE
‘The clause is applicable with the following deviations:
845.2 Control and Limiting of Gas Pressure
845.23 Control and Limiting of Gas Pressure in Low Pressure Distribution Systems
Delete the clause.
845.24 Control and Limiting of the Pressure of Gas Delivered to Domestic, Small
Commercial, and Smail Industrial Customers From High-Pressure Distribution
Systems
Delete the clause and add the following:
845.24 Pressure andlor Flow Control
845.241 General
The control system should maintain the volume flow or pressure conditions in the
downstream system within the required limits.
845.242 Operational pressure limits
Figures 845.24(a) and 845.24(o) show the relationship that should be applied
between maximum operating pressure (MOP), peak level operating pressure (peak
level OP), temporary operating pressure (TOP) and the maximum incidental
pressure (MIP) and the strength test pressure (STP).
25 $1 5664 Part 3 (2008)
Pressure ——>
Top
SP Nom 2
Peak level OP
= SP Nom 1 (MOP]
oP
STP = Strength test pressure
MIP = Maximum incidentel pressure
TOP = Temporary operating pressure
OP = Operating pressure
MOP = Maximum operating pressure
SP Nom3 = Maximum set point of, typically, @ slam-shut valve
‘SP Nom2 = Maximum set point of, typically, @ monitor regulator
‘SP Nom1 = Maximum set point of, typically, the active regulator
AG = Accuracy class (regulators)
AG = Accuracy group (slam-shuts).
Figure 845.24(a) - PRESSURE CRITERIA
Pressure (bar) Peak level | TOP MIP
oP.
MOPS 0.1 [1.125MOP [1.35 MOP | 0.2 bart
ZMOP< 1.0 [4.125MOP_| 1.35 MOP [1.75 MOP,
=MOP<7.0 11.05 MOP [1.1 MOP [1.2 MOP
a
0
