UNIT OBJECTIVES: articulate the definitions of science and technology; know the role of society in the development of science and technology; Identify sectors that benefited from the advancement of science and technology; escalate the ancient and modern inventions in science and technology; recognize personalities who significantly contributed on the foundations of science and technology; realize the effect of scientific progress to the nature of society analyse if Filipinos were able to cope up in the global scientific and technological advancement.Phe, MODULE 1: The Relationship Between Science, Technology and > Society Science and technology Is the very best thing soclety might ever request for. Since the commerciay transformation in the 18th century science has ‘actually remained in development. Some sectors that have actually been increased by science ang technology are energy, physical sciences, detai, and interaction. The society has actually considerably gotten with the development of ‘technology Infrastructure in the society has actually grown with the aid of science and technology, Modes of transportation like electronic train lines were understood and these really benefited the society by providing them a much better ways of transportation. In the past, nearly whatever was, analog however thanks to the science and technology we are now being digitalized everyday. The development of the telephone and. radio services has actually widened human} interaction (Muzaffar, 2018) Just two hundred years ago the world looked so different. The majority of people's lives was driven by the tangible. Science was considered mostly an academic notion and it was raising questions that bothered the minds of few. Technology used to be mainly in the hands of the governments and it was used to benefit the lives of people, in a way much different than it does today. And to a way lesser extent. Just thirty years ago if anyone had seen a person holding a device with the features of today’s latest iPhone, they could easily be mistaken for a magician or... an alien. Today we are so used to living with technology. Most of us are surrounded by smart devices, travel in futuristic vehicles. We read every day about the latest breakthrough of science and share our opinions over social media The intersection between science, technology, and society (STS) is an academic discipline that studies how society and culture create science and how science affects society in return (Anastacia, 2018) The assessment of this relationship has actually become an essential location of research study. Public interest groups and scholastic companies throughout the world are acknowledging the value of STS. The factor is that individuals have to acknowledge that there are individuals who are impacted by the science and technology's controversies such as customized foods, stem cell research study etc. are the concerns that have actually invited policy makers and researchers together to have a method forward on this. How is science and technology associated to society: The establishing world has a long custom of patticipatory action research study, popular education and neighborhood company enrolling to fix some science and technology concerns that impact the society. How is science and technology associated to the society is something that is calling even for the federal government intervention. Science and technology associated concerns are really been gone over around the world today. Progress in this has actually been dealt with to the capability to produce varied kinds of product products. ‘Answering the concern how science and technology belongs to society (Muzaffar, 2018).Science and Technology Are For Society Contributing to Society through Knowledge Creation and Utilization Scientific and technologie the creation of new knowledge t knowledge obtained is then uti contributes to society is the cre: the prosperity of human tive knowledge-based society well al activities refers to the el hrough the discovery of new nat ized in the real society. the es ation of new knowledge, , and to solve the vari ation of unknown phenomena, and to tural laws and principles, and the new sence of how science and technology and then utilization of that knowledge to boost lous issues facing society. With the shift to a Underway in the opening years of the 21st century, the creation of mew knowledge is an increasingly important aspect of scientific and technological activities, and the role of sciente In this knowledge creation is important for the realization of "selon, and technology for society.” The relationship between scie nce and technology and society, can be described by the cxample of rain falling on a mountain, Rain that has fallen on a mountain does not immediately wash away downhill First its captured and stored by forests, giving if to trees and other vegetation and creating a verdant landscape. This can be compared to the accumulation of scientific knowledge and the continuing search for truth, obtained through basic research, and Perhaps demonstrates that science has intrinsic value in itself. Meanwhile, the rainwater stored in the forest bubbles out from springs and flows downhill in a steadily widening stream. single stream flow can separate into a {arge number of Sub-flows, and sometimes the flow can go underground into a subterranean network. THs situation can be compared to the diversity of research and development that eon arise based on Scientific knowledge, leading to the planting of various new technological seeds, Eventually, the river feaches farming communities and urban cities, where itis utilized for drinking water and other household purposes, for agricultural or industrial uses, and for various other needs, universally benefiting all aspects of society. This is equivalent to research and develo} Prosperity of the people’s society and lives, 10 various issues facing society. If the fort society will quickly be faced with drougt pment resulting in practical technologies that boost the and to the utilization of science and technology in response est fails to capture a sufficient amount of the falling rain, ht and people will not be able to live. In the same way,requires @ suffici be the foundation strength of soci, ina single day OF nigh, by jence and technology be considered to hing that can be acquire realization of societal progress through scl scientific knowledge. In other words, science can However, this foundation strength is not sometl instead requires a steady, continuous build-up. Science’s Contribution to Human Civilization {Societal Significance of Science) Where technology has developed in close relationship to the convenient and prosperity human life sine before the advent of recorded history, scence originate fom natural philosophy ang vias supported by people's intellectual curiosity. Te main objective of scene has been elucidation of how nator is put together and operates, and thas developed asa separate entity from technology, of Course, while technological progress was backed up by various scientfic advances, this does not mean that scentific research was conducted for the purpose of developing new technologies, rather, sclentife Knowledge was utilized only Because it was available. n fact, t was mare common for new technologieg tobe developed in order to pursue scientific research. After the Industrial Revolution, the separate paths taken by science and technology began to move closer together. Significantly, the concept of linking scientific results to technology for utilization in soclety became prevalent after around 1850, which ig when a chemical industry began to develop based on utilization of knowledge about chemistry, and electrical technologies arose based on knowledge about electromagnetism, Nevertheless, science has moved away| from being the business of the intellectual world, with scientific results now pioneering the frontiers of human activities in terms of both space and time, and expanding the potential of human activities, Science also has become a major influence on people's sense of values, changing the nature of society and becoming the engine driving society's progress from the viewpoint of civilizato (MEXT 2012). Science and Technology in Modern Society About 200 years ago the pace of technological change in western society began to quicken. Wind, water, and animal power, with their limitations of the place and capacity, were supplemented and then replaced by the steam engine, which went on to power the factories of the industrial revolution, The railroad made it possible to ‘move things and people quickly over great distances. The telegraph and,page IS jater, the telephone carried communications glim glow of candles, kerosene, and gas lights, By the beginning of the twentieth century, ‘across the country side. Electric lighting supplanted the the notion of progress was closely linked with technological development, and that linkage intensified in the following decades. The automobile and the airplane changed not only travel but the nature of our cities and towns. Radio and then television brought more of the outside world into everyone’s homes, Knowledge about the causes of disease brought new treatments and preventive measures, Computers appeared, and soon the tra them smaller, more powerful, more accessible, and cheaper, tor made. Today, the system by which research and development leads to new product is fundamentally different than it was in the nineteenth century. To the role of the individual inventor has been added to the power of organized scientific research and technological innovation. Organized research and development, which are increasingly international in character, have greatly increased the production of new knowledge. Deeper understanding of living organisms is leading toward cures of diseases once thought untreatable. Basic insights in material science enable the development of structures that are lighter, stronger, and more durable than anything available before. The computer and novel modes of communication, such as optical fibers, bring new, interactive modes of work and more capable machinery. These new devices and new ways of working, in turn, speed the growth and dissemination of new knowledge. The accumulation of scientific knowledge and new technologies has transformed human life, technologies have helped provide many ~ though far from all - people with standards of warmth, cleanliness, nutrition, medical care, transportation, and entertainment far beyond those of even the wealthy two centuries ago. They have also presented us with difficult questions about how to use science and technology most effectively to meet human needs. The rapid rate of material progress can continue, but is not inevitable. The extent to which the Products of science and technology are useful depends on the needs of society (Science, Technology, and the Federal Government: National Goals for a New Era, 1993).Quotes on Science and Technology QUOTES ON TECHNOLOGY “The most technological efficient machine that man “Science, ike life, feeds on its | ‘own decay, New facts burst. | "I old rules; then newly divined has ever invented is the | ae conceptions bind old and book", new together into a i reconciling law” -Northrop Frye | William James Canadian Literary Critic ang Theorist ‘American Philisopher and Psychologist “Science can only ascertain what is, but not what should be, and outside of its domain value judgements of all kinds remain necessary”. “Just because something doesn't do what you planned it to do doesn’t mean it's useless”, “Thomas Edison Albert Einstein American Inventor and German Theoretical Businessman Physicist “In all science, error precedes the truth, and it is better it should go first than last”. “One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary men, No machine can do the work of one extraordinary man”, -Hugh Walpole -Elbert Hubbard English Novelist American Artist, Writer, Philosopher “Science, in the very act of | solving problems, creates more of them", “it has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity”, ~ _ -Albert Einsteinvation, and Uanerience | The Holy trinity Robert Green Ingersoll ‘American Weiter and Orator “Science may knowledge, but set limits to im nits to should not gination’ “Bertrand Russell British Philosopher, Mathematician and Historian “Science is a way of thinking much more than it is a body of knowledge”. “Carl Sagan ‘American Astronomer, Astrophysicist and Cosmologist “Science is the process that takes us from confusion to understanding”. American bits, Writer, Philosopher “Technalugioal — yruypess merely pronded us with more efficien | wolng backwards", | | | | ‘Aldous Hurley Friis Wriver and | Phir | | “this i the vihwle point of | | technology. it creates an | appetite for immortality on the one hand. It threatens universal eninction on the other, ‘chology is lust Femoved from nature”, Don Detilo | | Aanercan Nove, Esayia, | Vriter “Any sufficiently advanced | | technology i equivalent to | magic” Arthur C. Clarke | | | British Science Fiction Writer “Ethics change with | technology”. | -Larry NivenPane yy American Theoretical ‘American Science Fiction Physicist Writer “The important thing in science is not so much to obtain new facts as to discover new ways of “The real danger is not that computers begin to think like men, but that men will begin to think like thinking about them”. computers”. “William Bragg “Sydney J. Harris British Physicist, American Journalist Mathematician and Chemist “The man of science has “Technology is nothing. leamed to believe in What's important is that justification, not by faith, but ae) you have a faith in people, by verification”. that they're basically good and smart, and if you give them tools, they'll do “Thomas Huxley wonderful things with them”, English Biologist -Steve Jobs ‘American Business Magnate and Investor