GRAVITATION

Single answer type questions:

1. If gravitational field due to uniform thin hemispherical shell at point P is I, then
the magnitude of gravitational field at Q is(Mass of hemispherical shell is M,
radius R)
P

2R

2R

GM GM GM GM
A) I B) +I C) I D) 2 I 
2R 2 2R 2 4R 2R 2
2. A highly accurate determination of g has a quoted error of 6 parts in 109 . If
the dependence of g on geographical latitude at sea level is given by
g  g 0 1   sin 2   where  is the latitude and  is a dimensionless constant
with a value of 0.0055, estimate the northward displacement near latitude 450
which gives a change in g equal to the quoted error (radius of earth
=R= 6.4 106 m )
a) 6m b) 9 m c) 7 m d) 12m

3. A uniform thin rod of mass m and length R is placed normally on surface of

earth as shown. The mass of earth is M and its radius is R. Then the magnitude
of gravitational force exerted by earth on the rod is

A) B) C) D)

4. A certain quaternary star system consists of three stars, each of mass m, moving
in same circular orbit about a stationary central star of mass M. The three
identical stars orbit in same sense and are symmetrically located with respect to
each other (The centre of all stars lie in one plane). Considering gravitational
force of all remaining bodies on every star, the time period of each of three stars
is :

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 r3 r3
2π 2π
A)  m B)  m 
GM +  GM + 
 3  3

r3 r3
C) 2π D) 2π
G  M + 3m  
G M + 3m 
5. A satellite is moved from one circular orbit around the earth, to another
of lesser radius. Which of the following statement is true ?
A) The kinetic energy of satellite increases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system increases;
B) The kinetic energy of satellite increases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system decreases;
C) The kinetic energy of satellite decreases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system decreases;
D) The kinetic energy of satellite decreases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system increases.
6. Two particles of combined mass M, placed in space with certain separation, are
released. Interaction between the particles is only of gravitational nature and
there is no external force present. Acceleration of one particle with respect to
the other when separation between them is R, has a magnitude :

A) B)

C) D) not possible to calculate due to lack of information

7. A satellite is in a circular orbit very close to the surface of a planet with speed
v0 . At some point it is given an impulse along its direction of motion, causing
its velocity to increase times (that is, its speed becomes  v0 ). It now goes into
an elliptical orbit. The maximum possible value of  for satellite to move in the
elliptical orbit is

A) 2 B) C) D)

8. A block of mass 1 kg lying on floor is subjected to a horizontal force given by

F  2sin  t . The coefficient of friction between the block and the floor is 0.25.
A) acceleration of the block is positive and uniform
B) acceleration of block depends on value of 
C) The block always remains at rest
D) frictional force of magnitude 2.5 N acts at all time.

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9. If a satellite is revolving around a planet of mass M in an elliptic orbit of semi-
major axis a, the orbital speed of the satellite when it is at a distance r from
the focus.
2 1  2 1
a) V 2  GM    b) V 2  GM  2
 
r a r a
2 1  2 1
c) V 2  GM   2 d) V 2  G   
 r a 
3
r a
10. Two point masses of mass 4m and m respectively separated by distance d are
revolving under mutual force of attraction. Ratio of their kinetic energies will be
A) 1 : 4 B) 1 : 5 C) 1 : 1 D) 1 : 2
11. A body is launched from the earths surface at an angle   300 to horizontal at
1.5 GM
a speed V0  . Neglect air resistance and earths rotation. The height to
R
which the body will rise from the surface of earth is (R-radius of earth,
M  mass of earth and G  universal gravitational constant)

A) 1.323 R B) 2.323 R C) 3.323 R D) 4.323 R

12. A planet o density  is rotating with time period T about its own axis. Find the
smallest possible time of revolution of the planet, such that a particle is
 3 
remaining in contact with the planet on equator.   4  106 S .I .units 
 G 
A) 2000 sec B) 1000 sec C) 30000 sec D) 4000 sec

13. A particle P of mass 2kg describes an elliptical orbit of semi-major axis


a  5 m and semi-minor axis b  4 m due to an attractive force 2 towards a focus
r
2
S where r is the distance of P from S and   40 Nm . Now,

P B

r
S
C A
O

A) Its velocity at A is 2 m / s B) Its velocity at A is 3 m / s

C) Its velocity at A is 1 m / s D) Its velocity at A is 4 m / s

14. The density of the core of a planet is 1 and that of the outer part(shell) is 2 .
The radii of the core and that of the planet are R and 2R respectively. The

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 acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the planet is same as at a depth
1
R. Find the ratio of
2

a) 1 : 3 b) 2 : 5 c) 5 : 3 d) 7 : 3
15. The gravitational potential energy of interactions of a system of six identical
particles, each of mass m placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon of side
‘a’ is [PE = 0 at infinite separation]

Gm 2  1 1 3Gm 2  1 1
a)  1    b) 1   
a  3 4 a  3 4
6Gm 2  1 1 2Gm 2  1 1
c) 1    d) 1   
a  3 4 a  3 4
16. A planet of mass ‘m’ moves around the Sun along an ellipse so that its
minimum distance from the Sun is equal to r and maximum distance ‘R’.
The period of revolution around the Sun is (Mass of the Sun=M)

3 3 3
r  R  r  R  r  R  R3
a) 2 b)  c)  d) 
2GM 2GM GM 2GM
17. Gravitational potential versus distance r graph is represented in fig. The
magnitude of gravitational field intensity is equal to

a) 8 N/ Kg b) 4 N/kg c) 6 N/kg d) 2 N/kg

18. A Satellite is revolving round the Earth with orbital speed V 0. If it stops
suddenly, the speed with which it will strike the surface of the Earth would
be (Ve = escape velocity of a particle on Earths surface)

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 Ve2 V0
a) b) Ve2  V02 c) Ve2  2V02 d)
V0 2
19. A satellite is revolving round the earth in a circular orbit of radius r and
velocity V0 . A particle is projected from the satellite in forward direction with
 7 
relative velocity V    1 V0 , then the maximum distance from the earth’s
 6 
centre during the subsequent motion of the particle

5r 7r 7r
a) b) c) d)None
3 5 4

20. An un powered spacecraft has to hit a far off planet of mass M, radius R.
Maximum entrance area from which ‘the spacecraft can be projected so as to
hit the planet. Size of the spacecraft is negligible compared to planet

V0

h
R
X Y

 GM   2GM 
a)  R 2  1  
2 
b)  R 2
1  2 
 RV0   RV0 
 2GM   2GM 
c) 4 R 2 1   d) 4 R 2
1  2 
 RV
2 
RV0 
 0  
21. A satellite is in a circular polar orbit of altitude 324 km. The separation d at
the equator between the ground tracks associated with successive overhead
passes of the satellite in nearly (Radius of earth, Re = 6400 km, Rotational
velocity at equator is 465 m/s)

a) 1000 km b) 1500 km c) 2516 km d) 3000 km

22. A person brings a mass of 2kg from A to B. The increase in kinetic energy of
the mass is 4J and the work done by the person on the mass is -10J. The
potential difference between B and A is ( i.e., VB  VA ) :
a) 4 J/kg b) 7 J/kg c) -3 J/kg d) -7 J/kg

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23. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit
of radius R with a period of revolution T. if the gravitational force of attraction
between the planet and the star is proportional to R 5/2 , then T 2 is proportional
to :
a) R 3 b) R 7/2 c) R 3/2 d) R 9/2
24. Three solid spheres each of mass m and radius R are placed at three corners
of an equilateral triangle of side ‘d’ released. The speed of any one sphere at
the time of collision would be:
1 3 3 1 2 1  1 2
a) Gm    b) Gm    c) Gm    d) Gm   
d R d R R d R d
25. A planet has a mass of eight times the mass of earth and density is also equal
to eight times the average density of the earth. If g be the acceleration due to
earth’s gravity on its surface, then acceleration due to gravity on planet’s
surface will be:
a) 2g b) 4g c) 8g d) 16g
26. A sphere is dropped under gravity through a viscous liquid of viscosity  . If
the density of the material of sphere and liquid are  and  respectively with
the radius being ‘r’ then:
   
a) initial acceleration is g  
  
1
b) time taken to attain speed t 
0
c) at terminal speed, force on the sphere is (+Ve)
d) at terminal speed, the viscous force is minimum
27. The distances of two satellites from the surface of earth are R and 7R. Their
time period of revolution are in ratio (R is the radius of earth)

a)1 : 7 b) 1 : 8 c) 1 : 49 d) 1 : 7
28. A small body of super dense material, whose mass is twice the mass of the
earth but whose size is very small compared to the size of the earth, starts
from rest at a height H<< R above the earth’s surface, and reaches earth’s
surface on time t. then t is equal to (g is acceleration due to gravity on earth
surface)
2H H 2H 4H
a) b) c) d)
g g 3g 3g
29. At what height from the surface of earth the total energy of a satellite is equal
to it’s potential energy at a height of 2R from surface of earth (R= Radius of
earth)
R R
a) 2R b) c) d) 4R
2 4
30. A tunnel is made inside earth passing through centre of earth. A particle is
dropped from the surface of earth. Select the correct statement.

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 a) Kinetic energy of particle is maximum at centre.
b) Potential energy of particle is zero at centre.
c) Velocity of particle is propostional to x (Where x is distance of particle
from centre of earth.
d) kinetic energy of particle is maximum when it reaches the other side of
tunnel.
31. A satellite of moon revolves around it in a radius n times the radius of moon
(assume radius of moon = R ) .Due to cosmic dust ,it experience a resistence
F=  v 2 . Find how long will it stay in the orbit.(mass of satellite is m, mass of
moon is M)
m m m mn
A)
GM
n B)
GM
 
n  1 (C)
GM
 n 1  (D)
GM
   
R R R R
32. A satellite of mass m is revolving around a planet in an orbit of radius r. By
what percentage the energy of a satellite has to be increased to shift it from
3
an orbit of radius r to r.
2
A) 66.7% B) 33.3% C) 15% D) 20.3%
33. A point mass m and a thin uniform rod of mass M and length l are located
along a straight line as shown in figure what is the potential energy of

gravitational interaction of this system.

GMm  a  GMm  l 
a)  ln  1   b)  ln  1  
l  l l  a
GMm  a  GMm
c)  1   d) 
l  l (a  l / 2)

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 5
34. A satellite is projected with velocity times its escape speed from earth’s
6
surface. The initial velocity of the satellite is parallel to the surface of earth.
The maximum distance of the satellite from the center of earth will be
(A) 3R (B) 4R (C) 5R (D) 8R
35. What is the radius of the circular orbit of a stationary satellite which remains
motionless with respect to earth’s surface ?
1 1
2 2
 gR T  3
 gR  2
(A)  2 
(B)  2 2 
 4   4 T 
1 1
 gRT  3  gR  2
(C)   (D)  
 2   2T 
36. A cavity of radius R/2 is made in a solid sphere of radius R and density  at
7 R 3
the periphery as shown in fig. A particle of mass m= placed at A is
6
inside the cavity. The time taken by the particle to reach the point O is (The
sphere is placed on a smooth horizontal surface)

1 2 3 4
a) b) c) d)
 G  G 2 G   G
37. The time period of an orbiting satellite is (assuming spherical earth)
(A) directly proportional to the density of earth
(B) directly proportional to the square of density of earth
(C) inversely proportional to the square root of density of earth
(D)inversely proportional to the density of earth.
38. In older times, people used to think that the Earth was flat. Imagine that the
Earth is indeed not a sphere of radius R, but an infinite plate of thickness H.
What value of H is needed to allow the same gravitational acceleration to be
experienced as on the surface of the actual Earth? (Assume that the Earth’s
density is uniform and equal in the two models.)
a) 2R/3 b) 4R/3 c) 8R/3 d) R/3
39. The time period of an orbiting satellite is (assuming spherical earth)
(A) Directly proportional to the density of earth
(B) Directly proportional to the square of density of earth
(C) Inversely proportional to the square root of density of earth

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 (D) Inversely proportional to the density of earth.
40. A satellite revolves around the earth such that its nearest distance from the
centre of the earth is R and the farthest distance from the centre of earth is
3R. The speed of satellite at perigee (closest point to the earth) is (neglect any
resistance)
GM GM
(A) (B)
R 2R
GM 3 GM
(C) (D)
6R 2 R
41. A large solid sphere with uniformly distributed positive charge has a smooth
narrow tunnel through its centre. A small particle with negative charge,
initially at rest far from the sphere, approaches it along the line of the tunnel,
reaches its surface with a speed ‘v’, and passes through the tunnel. Its speed
at the centre of the sphere will be
(A) 0 (B) V
(C) 2v (D) 1.5v
42. A body of mass m is projected horizontally from a point just above the earth
4
surface with a velocity v o  gR . The maximum height attained by the body
3
from the centre of earth during its motion is
(A) 3R (B) 2.5R (C) 2R (D) R

43. A solid sphere of mass M and

radius R lies concentrically inside R
a spherical shell of mass M and 4R M
radius 2R. A particle of mass M is 2R
placed at a distance 4R from the M M
common centre as shown in the
figure. The total potential energy
of the system of masses is
GM 2 GM 2 37 GM 2 21 GM 2
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
R 2R 20 R 10 R
44. Two points M and N are M
situated at a distance 2R
from the centre (C) of a solid 2R
hemisphere of mass M and
radius R as shown in the
figure. If the magnitude of the
gravitational field at N is E.
Then the magnitude of 2R
gravitational field at M is
GM N
(A) E (B) 2
E
4R

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 GM GM
(C) E (D) E
4R 2 2R 2
45. Two identical stars with mass M each orbit around their centre of mass with
orbital speed v due to interaction force between them. The escape velocity of
an object of mass m from the centre of mass of two stars system is (M >> m)
(A) 4v (B) v (C) v/2 (D) 2v

46. Two uniform non conducting balls A & B have identical size having radius R
but made of different density material (density of A=2 density of B.)The ball A
is +vely charged & ball B is – vely charged.
The balls are released on the horizontal smooth surface at the separation 10R
as shown in figure. Because of mutual attraction the balls start moving
towards each other. They will collide such that point of impact is at

10 R 11R 7R
(A) X  (B) X  (C) X  5 R (D) X 
3 3 5
47. A point P lies on the axis of a fixed ring - of mass M and radius R- at a
distance 2R from its centre O. A small particle starts from P and reaches
O only under gravitational attraction from the ring. Its speed at O will be
2GM 2GM 2GM 1
(A) zero (B) (C) ( 5  1) (D) (1  )
R R R 5
48. Two particles of mass m and M are initially at rest and infinitely separated
from each other. Due to mutual interaction they approach each other. Their
relative velocity of approach at a separation distance d between them is
2Gd 2G  M  m  2G  M  m  2Gd
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M  m d d Mm
49. For the earth-moon system let M and m be the masses of the earth the moon
r
respectively. Let v be the instantaneous relative velocity. The total kinetic
energy of this system taking the reference frame at their centre of mass will
be given by
1 mM 1 1
(A) v2 (B) mv 2  Mv 2
2 m  M 2 2
1 1
(C) mv 2 (D) Mv 2
2 2
50. Two stars of masses M and m, M being greater than m are separated by a
distance D. At a point between the two stars, their gravitational fields are

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 equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. At what point a test object will
feel no force. This point is
(A) at the centre of mass of the two-star system
(B) between the centre of mass and the mid point between the two stars
(C) between the centre of mass and the start of mass M
(D) Between the mid-point of the two stars and the star of mass m
51. For a planet moving around the sun in an elliptical orbit
which of the following quantities remain constant ?
a) The angular momentum of the planet about the sun
b) The magnitudes of gravitational forces due to mutual
attraction between the sun and planet
c) the linear momentum of the planet
d) both the angular momentum of the planet about the sun and the
magnitudes of gravitational forces due to mutual attraction between the sun
and planet
52. The diagram showing the variation of gravitational potential of earth with
distance from the centre of earth is
v v v

R o R R r
r r o

(A) (B) (C) (D)None

53 A geostationary satellite orbits around the earth in a circular orbit of radius
36,000 km. Then, the time period of a spy satellite orbiting a few hundred
km above the earths surface (Re = 6400 km) will approximately be :

A) 1/2 = h B) 1 h C) 2 h D) 4h

54 A uniform thin rod of mass m and length R is placed normally on surface of

earth as shown. The mass of earth is M and its radius is R. Then the magnitude
of gravitational force exerted by earth on the rod is

A) B) C) D)

55 A certain quaternary star system consists of three stars, each of mass m,

moving in same circular orbit about a stationary central star of mass M. The
three identical stars orbit in same sense and are symmetrically located with
respect to each other (The centre of all stars lie in one plane). Considering
gravitational force of all remaining bodies on every star, the time period of each

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 of three stars is :

r3 r3
2π 2π
A)  m B)  m 
GM +  GM + 
 3  3

r3 r3
C) 2π D) 2π
G  M + 3m  
G M + 3m 
56 A satellite is moved from one circular orbit around the earth, to another
of
lesser radius. Which of the following statement is true ?
A) The kinetic energy of satellite increases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system increases;
B) The kinetic energy of satellite increases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system decreases;
C) The kinetic energy of satellite decreases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system decreases;
D) The kinetic energy of satellite decreases and the gravitational
potential energy of satellite-earth system increases.

57 Two particles of combined mass M, placed in space with certain separation, are
released. Interaction between the particles is only of gravitational nature and
there is no external force present. Acceleration of one particle with respect to
the other when separation between them is R, has a magnitude :

A) B)

C) D) not possible to calculate due to lack of information

58 A satellite is in a circular orbit very close to the surface of a planet with speed
v0 . At some point it is given an impulse along its direction of motion, causing its
velocity to increase times (that is, its speed becomes  v0 ). It now goes into an
elliptical orbit. The maximum possible value of  for satellite to move in the
elliptical orbit is

A) 2 B) C) D)

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 GRAVITATION – KEY SHEET
Single Answers
1 A 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 B
7 D 8 C 9 A 10 A 11 C 12 A
13 D 14 D 15 C 16 B 17 A 18 C
19 B 20 B 21 C 22 D 23 B 24 D
25 C 26 A 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 B 34 B 35 A 36 C
37 C 38 A 39 C 40 D 41 D 42 C
43 C 44 D 45 A 46 B 47 D 48 D
49 A 50 D 51 D 52 D 53 C 54 A
55 B 56 B 57 B 58 D

GRAVITATION – SOLUTIONS
Single solutions
1. Gravitational field due to 2nd at P| = |Gravitation field due to 1st at Q| at P

G, f, due to 1st + G.f due to 2nd

G f due to 2nd at

dg
2.  2 g 0  sin  cos 
d
dg dg
So, d   1.09  106 radian 
2 g 0  sin  cos   g 0  sin 2
x  R  d   6.4106 1.091106 m  7 m
3.

4. The distance between the orbiting stars is

. The net
inward force on orbiting stars is

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5. In the circular motion around the Earth, the centripetal force on the
satellite is agravitational force.
Therefore, , where M is the mass of the Earth, R is the radius
of the orbit of satellite and G is the universal gravitational constant.
Therefore, the kinetic energy increases with the decrease in the radius
of the orbit. The gravitational potential energy is negative and decreases
with the decrease in radius.
6.

acceleration of M1 w.r.t. M2

7. The maximum possible velocity for satellite to be in elliptic orbit should

be such that satellite should not escape.

required value of
8.

So block will be at rests.

9. As in case of elliptic orbit of a satellite mechanical energy E=-(GMm/2a)
remains constant , at any position of satellite in the orbit,
1 2 GMm GMm 2 1
Therefore mv   , i.e, v 2  GM  r  a 
2 r 2a
10.

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11. C.A.M. at P and Q, we have

(1)
C.M.E at P and Q, we have

(2)
From (1) and (2) we have
r = 3.323 R
h = r R = 2.323 R
12.

For any mass on surface

13. du 
F  
dr r 2
b2 3
e  1  
a2 5 U  
Eccentricity r
So, SO = 3m; SA = 2m; SC = 8m.

UA    20 J ; U C  5 J
2
rA mVA  rC mVC

2VA  8VC
1 1
mVV2  20  mVC2  5
Also, 2 2

Solving we get VA  4m / s
14. Let m1 be the mass of the core and m 2 the mass of outer shell g A  g B  given 
Gm1 G  m1  m 2 
Then 
R2  2R 
2

4  4 4 3 4 
4m1   m1  m 2  or 4  R 3 1   R 3 .1     2R   R 3   2
3  3 3 3 

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  41  1  72
 7
 1 
2 3

15. Total potential energy is V   Uij

Gm 2   1   1   1  6Gm2  1 1
 6   a   g    3   1   
a     3a   2a  a  3 4

r3mean  rR
16. T  2  rmean  
GM  2 
dv
17. E here dx  drSin
dx
GMm 1 2 GMm
18.   mv  
R 2 R1
GM v 2 GM
  
R 2 R1
ve2 v 2
+   v 02
2 2
v 2 ve2
  v 20  V  Ve2  2V02
2 2
19.

VAbsolute  VR.V  VS
 7  7
   1 V0  V0  V0
 6  6
VAbsolute  V0
Outer ellipse
7
Apply conservation of angular momenta Li  Lf , mv 0 r  mvrma
6
GM
v0 
r
Apply conservation of Total energy
1 GMm 1 GMm
mV0.2   mV 2 
2 R 2 rma
Solve the quadratic equation
Then rmax = 7r/5

Page No - 16 -
20. Let h is the maximum distance from xy in any radial direction from where we
can project a spacecraft so that it can hit the planet. Applying conservation of
angular momentum and conservation of energy
m v0h = mvR .... (i)

... (ii)
Where m = mass of spacecraft
v = speed of spacecraft while hitting the planet
 2GM 
solving (i) and (ii) h2 = R2 ( R 2 1  
 RV0
2
 
so, the required area = h2
r3 r3
21. Time period T  2  2
GM gRe2
Given, r   6400  324  km, g  10m / s 2 , Re  6400 km
2  6724  103 6724  103
T
6400  103 10
3
 5.410  10 s
d  vT  465  5.410  103  2516  103 m
= 2516 km
22. WA B  U B  U A    K B  K A 
Or WA B  m VB  VA    K B  K A 

23. centripetal force  R 5/2

24. From conservation of mechanical energy
1   Gm 2 Gm 2 
3  mv 2   3   
2   2R d 

25. g  M 1/3  2/3

mg  U V  g  V  g     
26. Initial acceleration =   g
m V   
   
Acceleration down the column    . So choice (a) is correct.
  
 
Terminal velocity v 


Page No - 17 -
  
v  
So, time taken to attain terminal speed is t    so choice (b) is
a     
  
 
correct.
At terminal speed viscous force ( 6 rv) is maximum and nullifies the net
downward force (mg-U) and so a = 0 or v = constant.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
m
33. dm  dx
l
a l dx M l
U  GMm   Gm lh(1  )
a x l a
34. According to the principle of
conservation of angular
momentum
10GM
m R  mv '  R  h  ... 1
6R
Applying principle of conservation of mechanical energy
GMm 1  10GM  GMm 1 2
  m   mv ' ...  2 
R 2  6R  Rh 2
Solving the above equations we get h = 4R
35. A satellite will appear motionless when its period of revolution is the same as
that of earth that is T  24 hours. Let r be the radius of orbit from the centre
of earth. Then dynamics of circular motion

2
GMm  2 
m2r  2
;   r 3  GM
r  T 
1 1
 GMT 2  3  gR2T 2  3
r 
4  2 

4  2 
Q GM  gR2  
   
36. field on at the particle is
2
g '   G R
3
1
R  g ' t 2
2

Page No - 18 -
 r3 1
37. T  2  .
GM e 
38. Gaus law for gravitation

r r
 g  ds   m in  4 G

r3 1
39. T  2  .
GM e 
40. (D)
v

3R E R
v’
COAM  mvR = mv3R …(i)
1 GMm 1 GMm
COE  mv 2   mv '2  …(ii)
2 R 2 3R
3 GM
 v
2 R
41. Potential at   V  0
Q
Potential at the surface of the sphere = Vs  k .
R
3 Q
Potential at the centre of the sphere = Ve  k
2 R
Let m and –q be the mass and the charge of the particle respectively.
Let V0 = speed of the particle at the centre of the sphere.
1 Q
mv 2  q  V  V   qk
2 R
1 3 Q V2 3
mv 2  q  V  Ve   q. k . Dividing, 02   1.5 or V0  1.5v
2 2 R V 2

Page No - 19 -
42. (C) From conservation of angular A vo
momentum at A and B,
R
mvoR = mvh
voR
 v= (1)
h
From conservation of energy at A and B,
GMm 1 1 GMm
  mvo2  mv 2  (2) h
R 2 2 h
Putting v from equation (1) in (2), we get
h = 2R

v
B

43. (C)
Total potential energy of the system = self potential energy of the solid sphere
and spherical shell + interaction energy of them.
 3GM 2 GM 2   GMM GMM GMM  37 GM 2
PE           
 5R 2  2R    4R 4R 2R  20 R
44. (D)
Let us place another identical hemisphere (II) M
below the given hemisphere (I) as shown in
the figure.
Now the magnitude of gravitational field at N I
due to II is equal to magnitude of
gravitational field at M due to I.
Also the net gravitational field due to II
hemisphere I and II at M = gravitational field
at M due to I + gravitational field at M due to
II N
G  2M 
i.e.  gravitational field at M due to I
 2R 2
+E
GM
 gravitational field at M due to I = E
2R 2
45. (A)
In given stars system
Mv 2 GMM GM
 2
 v
R  2R  4R
To escape a particle of mass m from the centre of mass of the system,
1 2GMm GM
mv2c   vc  2  v c  4V
2 R R
46. (B)

Page No - 20 -
 A B

C1 C2
p

a x  xP

x  xc.m
10 R
X c .m 
3
C1C2  2 R
2R
a=
3
X P is co-ordinate of contact point
X P = X C .M .  ( R  a)
10 2R
= RR
3 3
11R
XP 
3
47.
GM
(D). Gravitational potential at P, vp 
5R
 GM
Gravitational potential at O, vO 
R
M,R
5R
m
O P (OP = 2R)

1
work KE theorem mv 2
W  K  m[v P  v O ] 
2
 GM GM  1 2 2GM 1
m    mv or (1  )
 R 5R  2 R 5
48. (b)
M v u m

d
mu GMm 1 1
v ;  Mv 2  mv 2
m d 2 2
vapproach = u + v
49. (a)
1 2
The kinetic energy in centre of mass frame is given by u rel
2
50. D

Page No - 21 -
51. Charge on capacitor change from – Ec to + Ec
E  emf
Total energy supplied by B = 2E2C
Final energy stored in C= 1 /2 E2 C
52. Conceptual
53.

54

55
The distance between the orbiting stars is . The net
inward force on orbiting stars is

56 In the circular motion around the Earth, the centripetal force on the
satellite is agravitational force.
Therefore, , where M is the mass of the Earth, R is the radius
of the orbit of satellite and G is the universal gravitational
constant.Therefore, the kinetic energy increases with the decrease in
the radius of the orbit. The gravitational potential energy is negative
and decreases with the decrease in radius.
57

acceleration of M1 w.r.t. M2

58 The maximum possible velocity for satellite to be in elliptic orbit should

be such that satellite should not escape.

required value of

Page No - 22 -