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Rural Settlement Issues

Rural settlement issues include rural-urban migration driven by lack of opportunities and services in rural areas as well as better prospects in cities. Rural depopulation refers to declining rural populations and is caused by migration to urban areas, death, and other migration. Consequences of rural depopulation include declining economies as shops close and facilities decrease due to falling populations. Strategies to address rural depopulation center around improving basic services, promoting rural tourism, and ensuring access to resources and justice for all citizens.

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Malandiswe Abongile
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683 views24 pages

Rural Settlement Issues

Rural settlement issues include rural-urban migration driven by lack of opportunities and services in rural areas as well as better prospects in cities. Rural depopulation refers to declining rural populations and is caused by migration to urban areas, death, and other migration. Consequences of rural depopulation include declining economies as shops close and facilities decrease due to falling populations. Strategies to address rural depopulation center around improving basic services, promoting rural tourism, and ensuring access to resources and justice for all citizens.

Uploaded by

Malandiswe Abongile
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SETTLEMENT GEOGRAPHY

RURAL SETTLEMENT ISSUES


RAJENDRA DAVECHAND
R. Davechand 2020
Rural urban migration
It is the movement of people from rural areas to urban
areas.
Push factors
Factors that force people out of the rural areas
Pull factors
Factors that attract people out of the rural areas
R. Davechand 2020
• Few services • Access services
• Lack of job opportunities • Better job opportunities
• Lack of proper facilities/services e.g. • Better facilities/services e.g. education,
education, healthcare, sanitation, piped healthcare, sanitation, piped water, housing,
water, housing, places of worship, Lack places of worship, entertainment and
of entertainment and recreation recreation
• Poor transport links. • Better transport links.
• Mechanisation • Hope for a better quality of life.
• Natural disasters.

R. Davechand 2020
Adapted form
Rural depopulation
Refers to the decrease in the number of people found in the rural areas.

R. Davechand 2020
Causes of rural depopulation

• Rural urban migration


• Death
• Migration e.g. going overseas etc

R. Davechand 2020
Consequences of rural depopulation on people and the economy
• Decline in wage earners therefore decreased buying power.
• Dwindling population results in shops closing down, decreasing staff or reducing stock
• Facilities close down e.g. banks, post office
• Residents have to travel greater distances services that close down e.g. travel to other towns
• Schools close down or quality of educational facilities decrease
• Land value drops
• Younger and more productive people leave resulting in an ageing population
• Decrease in productivity of the area
• Ghost towns could develop
• Increase in poverty
• Cycle of rural decline and decay sets in
• Decrease in use of resources in rural areas, resources not used to develop economy
• Cycle of poverty continues for many people
R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
Strategies to address rural depopulation

Provision of basic needs


By providing the basic needs e.g. piped water, housing, electricity, education, sanitation, employment etc. will
definitely reduce rural depopulation.

R. Davechand 2020
Using tourism to address rural depopulation.
Organising of special events
Using the assets of a rural area e.g. a rural area in Tulbagh where grapes and wine is popular, we could
have a wine festival. This attracts people to the area and in this way they could also view the other assets of
the area creating an opportunity to attract people and investment reducing rural depopulation.

R. Davechand 2020
Advertising possible tourist attractions.

Using appropriate media e.g. television, magazines, newspapers etc advertise possible tourists attractions
will bring business into the rural area decreasing rural depopulation. Building or renovating of infrastructure
relating to tourism will also assist

R. Davechand 2020
GIS
The role GIS in increasing regarding addressing rural depopulation. We can use GIS to investigate various
issues e.g. how many people leaving rural areas, monitoring of business, monitoring physical factors such as
vegetation cover and soil fertility. We could investigate the impact of water resources on rural depopulation etc.

R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
Social justice issues
Access to resources
During the apartheid era millions of black people were forced to live in the former ‘homelands’ which had
limited resources. This resulted in the over utilisation of the resources. There was now a serious problem
regarding access to resources e.g. piped water

R. Davechand 2020
Poverty
Poverty is linked to access to resources. It more than just having insufficient income to meet the basic needs,
it is also the inability of people to have access to resources. This results in people being caught in a cycle of
poverty as illustrated by the flow diagram below.

R. Davechand 2020
Poverty
Poverty is linked to access to resources. It more than just having insufficient income to meet the basic needs, it
is also the inability of people to have access to resources. This results in people being caught in a cycle of
poverty as illustrated by the flow diagram below.

.
R. Davechand 2020
Possible solutions to access to resources and poverty

We need to have a balance between inputs and Infrastructure in order to have sustainable development We
need to empower people and use the resources available to assist with the problem of poverty and resources

Inputs Infrastructure
Skills Educational facilities
Water Piped water
Tools/Technology Electricity supply
Seeds Healthcare
Feed Transport facilities
Market Communication networks
Labour Sanitation facilities
Fertilizer

R. Davechand 2020
Social justice issues
Land reform programmes
During apartheid land was taken away from the black communities. Strategies are being put in place to rectify
this wrong. A three- pronged approach to land reform has been put in place as illustrated below.

Mindset Learning Channel R. Davechand 2020


DBE PAST PAPER

R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020
R. Davechand 2020

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