IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4

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Solution Key 100 Total Points Possible

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6. Total possible points: 100

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1. (4-2) Suppose that f(x)=3(8x−x2 ) ⁄ 256 for 0<x< 8. Determine the following:

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(12 points, 4 points each)

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(a) P(X<2)
(b) P(X<9)

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(c) P(2<x<4)
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2
3 (8 x−x 2 ) 3 x2 x3 2 3 1
P( X <2 )=∫ dx=( − )|0 =( − )−0=0 .1563
256 64 256 16 32
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4-2. a) 0
8
3(8 x−x 2 )
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3 x2 x3 8
P( X <9 )=∫ dx=( − )|0 =(3−2 )−0=1
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b) 0 256 64 256
4
3(8 x−x 2 ) 3 x 2 x3 4 3 1 3 1
P(2<X <4 )=∫ dx=( − )|2 =( − )−( − )=0 . 3438
2 256 64 256 4 4 16 32
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c)
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2. (4-10) The probability density function of the length of a cutting blade is f (x) = 1.25 for 74.6 < x
< 75.4 millimeters. Determine the following:
(12 points, 4 points each)
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(a) P(X<74.8)
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(b) P(X<74.8orX>75.2)
(c) If the specifications for this process are from 74.7 to 75.3 millimeters, what proportion of
blades meets specifications?
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74 . 8
P( X <74 . 8 )= ∫ 1. 25 dx=1 .25 x|74 .8
74 . 6 =0 .25
4-10. a) 74 . 6
b) P(X < 74.8 or X > 75.2) = P(X < 74.8) + P(X > 75.2) because the two events are mutually exclusive.
The result is 0.25 + 0.25 = 0.50.

Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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 IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4
75 .3
P(74 .7 <X <75 . 3)= ∫ 1 .25 dx =1. 25 x|75 .3
74 . 7 =1 .25 (0. 6 )=0 . 750
c) 74 .7

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 IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4

3. (4-18) Suppose that the cumulative distribution function of the random variable X is

(12 points, 3 points each)

Determine the following:
(a) P (X < 1.8)
(b) P (X > − 1.5)
(c)P(X<−2)

4-18. a) P( X <1 .8 )=P ( X≤1 . 8)=F X (1 . 8) because X is a continuous random variable. Then,
F X (1. 8 )=0 .25 (1. 8 )+0. 5=0 .95
b) P( X >−1 .5 )=1−P( X≤−1. 5)=1−. 125=0 . 875

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c) P(X < -2) = 0

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4. (4-36) Suppose that f (x) = 0.125x for 0 < x < 4. Determine the mean and variance of X .

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(8 points, 4 points each)

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E( X )=∫ 0 . 125 x 2 dx=0 .125 | =2. 6667
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4-36. 0 3 0
4 4
V ( X )=∫ 0 .125 x ( x−83 )2 dx =0 .125 ∫ ( x 3 −16 x2 + 64 x )dx
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3 9
0 0
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3
x 16 x 64 1 2 4
4
¿ 0 .125 ( − + ¿ x )|0 =0 . 88889
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4 3 3 9 2

5. (4-50) Suppose that X has a continuous uniform distribution over the interval [1.5, 5.5].
Determine the following:
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(12 points, 4 points each)

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(a) Mean, variance, and standard deviation of X

(b) P(X < 2.5).
(c) Cumulative distribution function
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4-50. a) E(X) = (5.5 + 1.5)/2 = 3.5

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2
(5 .5−1. 5 )
V ( X )= =1. 333 , and σ x= √1 .333=1. 155
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2 .5
P( X <2 .5 )= ∫ 0 . 25 dx=0 . 25 x|21 .5.5 =0 . 25
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b) 1 .5

 0, x  1.5

F ( x ) 0.25 x  0.375, 1.5  x  5.5
 1, 5.5  x
c) 

Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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 IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4

6. (4-64) Use Appendix Table III to determine the following probabilities for the standard normal
random variable Z :
(6 points, 1 points each)
(a) P(1 < Z < 1)
(b) P(2 < Z < 2)
(c) P(3 < Z < 3)
(d) P(Z > 3)
(e) P(0 < Z < 1)

4-64. a) P(1 < Z < 1) = P(Z < 1)  P(Z > 1)

= 0.84134  (1  0.84134) = 0.68268
b) P(2 < Z < 2) = P(Z < 2)  [1  P(Z < 2)] = 0.9545
c) P(3 < Z < 3) = P(Z < 3)  [1  P(Z < 3)] = 0.9973
d) P(Z > 3) = 1  P(Z < 3) = 0.00135
e) P(0 < Z < 1) = P(Z < 1)  P(Z < 0) = 0.84134  0.5 = 0.34134

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7. (4-78) A driver’s reaction time to visual stimulus is normally distributed with a mean of 0.4

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seconds and a standard deviation of 0.05 seconds.

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(6 points, 3 points each)

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(a) What is the probability that a reaction requires more than 0.5 seconds?
(b) What is the probability that a reaction requires between 0.4 and 0.5 seconds?

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4-78. a) P(X > 0.5) =
(
P Z>
0 . 05 ) = P(Z > 2) = 1  0.97725 = 0.02275

( 0 .04−0 .4 0 .5−0 . 4
0 . 05 )
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P <Z <
b) P(0.4 < X < 0.5) = . 05
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= P(0 < Z < 2) = P(Z < 2)  P(Z < 0) = 0.47725

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8. (4-98) The manufacturing of semiconductor chips produces 2% defective chips. Assume that the
chips are independent and that a lot contains 1000 chips. Approximate the following
probabilities:
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(6 points, 3 points each)

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(a) More than 25 chips are defective.

(b) Between 20 and 30 chips are defective.
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NOTE: This solution uses a binomial approximation (page 129)

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4-98. Let X denote the number of defective chips in the lot.

Then, E(X) = 1000(0.02) = 20, V(X) = 1000(0.02)(0.98) = 19.6.
25 .5−20
P( X >25 )≃P Z >
(19 .6 )
=P( Z >1. 24 )=1−P (Z≤1 . 24 )=0 .107
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a) √
.5 9. 5
P(20<X <30 )≃P(20 . 5<X <29 . 5)=P( <Z < 19 . 6 )=P( 0. 11<Z <2. 15 )
√19 . 6 √

b) ¿ 0 . 9842−0 .5438=0 . 44

Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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 IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4

9. (4-118) The life of automobile voltage regulators has an exponential distribution with a mean life
of six years. You purchase a six-year-old automobile, with a working voltage regulator and plan
to own it for six years.
(6 points, 3 points each)
(a) What is the probability that the voltage regulator fails during your ownership?
(b) If your regulator fails after you own the automobile three years and it is replaced, what is the
mean time until the next failure?
4-118. Let X be the life of regulator. Then, X is an exponential random variable with  1 / E( X ) 1 / 6
a) Because the Poisson process from which the exponential distribution is derived is memoryless, this
probability is
6 6
1 −x /6 −x /6
∫ 6
e dx =−e | =1−e−1=0. 6321
0
P(X < 6) = 0
b) Because the failure times are memoryless, the mean time until the next failure is E(X) = 6 years.

10. (4-140) Raw materials are studied for contamination. Suppose that the number of particles of

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contamination per pound of material is a Poisson random variable with a mean of 0.01 particle

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per pound.

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(6 points, 3 points each)

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(a) What is the expected number of pounds of material required to obtain 15 particles of

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contamination?
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(b) What is the standard deviation of the pounds of materials required to obtain 15 particles of
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contamination?
4-140. Let X denote the pounds of material to obtain 15 particles. Then, X has an Erlang distribution with r = 15
and  0.01 .
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r 15
= =1500
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a) E(X) = λ 0. 01 pounds.
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15
=150 , 000
b) V(X) = 0. 01
2
and
σ X =√ 150 ,000=387 . 3 pounds.
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11. 4-154. Suppose that X has a Weibull distribution with β = 0.2 and δ = 100 hours. Determine the
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following:
(6 points, 3 points each)
(a) P(X<10,000)
(b) P(X>5000
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0.2
−2. 512
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−100
4-154. a) P( X <10000 )=F X (10000)=1−e =1−e =0 . 9189
−50 0 . 2
b) P( X >5000 )=1−F X ( 5000 )=e =0 .1123
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Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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 IE 3320 HW4 Chapter 4

12. (4-172) Suppose that X has a lognormal distribution with parameters θ = 2 and ω2 = 4. Determine
the following:
(8 points, 4 points each)
(a) P(X<500)
(b) Conditional probability that X <1500 given that X >1000

4-172. a) X is a lognormal distribution with q=2 and w2=4

ln(500 )−2
P( X <500 )=P(e W <500 )=P(W < ln(500))=Φ ( 2 )
=Φ (2 .11 )=0 . 9826

b)
P(1000< X<1500)
P( X <15000|X >1000 )=
P( X >1000 )
ln(1500)−2 ln(1000 )−2
[= 2 )]

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(
Φ ) (

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−Φ
2

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ln(1000 )−2
[ 2 )]
1−Φ (

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=0. 0032/0 . 007=0. 45
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= =
( 1−Φ(2. 45 )) ( 1−0 . 9929 )
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Instructor: Mr. Jerel Walters

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