TASK ONE
Language of comparison (Line graph/Bar Chart/ Pie Chart/ Table)
Quantities of rice produced in
Country
metric tonnes
Myanmar 30,000
China 49,000
Thailand 20,000
Cambodia 19,000
Vietnam 10,000
China ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Vietnam …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Myanmar ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………….
Thailand Vs Cambodia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Vietnam Vs Thailand ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Myanmar Vs Vietnam ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
China Vs Vietnam …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
China Vs Thailand ……..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
School A has the same/an equal number of students as School B. 50/50)
School A has the same /an equal amount of furniture as School B.
School A has ^ as many students as School B.(50/50) twice/three times/four times
School A has ^ as much furniture as School B. (perhaps 5 desks/5 desks) half/a third/a quarter/a fifth
School A has ^ a quarter as many students as School B.(25/100) almost/nearly
School A has ^ half as many students as School B.(50/100) about/approximately/roughly
School A has ^ three quarters as many students as School B.(75/100) over/just over/well over
School A has ^ twice as many students as School B.(100/50) under/just under/well under
School A has ^ three times as many students as School B.(150/50) exactly/precisely
A is bigger than B.
A is twice as big as B. A is half as big as B. A is three times bigger than B.
A has more money than B.
A has twice as much money as B. A has half as money as B. A has three times more money than B.
double the amount/number/proportion/percentage/size of ….
twice/three times etc. the amount/number/proportion/percentage/size of
double/twice/three times etc. the/this/what
A is double of B.
A is double that of B.
The number of women is double of men. The number of women is double that of men.
We'll need double this amount for eight people.
eg. The USA used nearly 3 times the amount of energy it produced.
Americans drink an average of 216 litres each a year, that is almost double the consumption of any other country
INFOR
FORMAL NEUTRAL
MAL
significantly/substan
tially/ considerably
much
a great deal a lot
far
a good deal
rather
a little
slightly
a bit
by far -est
Which of the following are correct? Staffing levels increased three-folds.
Staffing levels increased twice. Staffing levels more than doubled.
Staffing levels increased double. Staffing levels increased four-fold.
Staffing levels increased three times. Staffing levels increased halve.
Staffing levels increased three-fold. Staffing levels halved.
large/small great percentage books/oil are/is
high/low
large/small great proportion books/oil are/is
high/low
large/small great number books are
large/small great amount/amounts of oil is/are
large/small great quantity/*quantitie books/oil are/is/are
s
the vast/the overwhelming majority books/staff** are/is
a large/small tiny minority books/staff** are/is
a third /a quarter/a of
fifth
two thirds/fifths the money is
half the employees are
(of)
One in three/ two students is/are
out of three
(only/just)a fraction cars/population are/is
a mere fraction of of
*The word quantity can be used with uncountable nouns which can be counted or measured.
** Words that follow are usually collective nouns.
Ranking
X comes top/bottom/next/second/third, (in the table) with/at + figure
X comes in second/third position/place, with/at + figure
X heads the list with/at + figure
X ranks second /number two with/at + figure
X ranks ahead of Y, with/at + figure
X is ranked second/(at) number two, with/at + figure
X ranks as (eg. the most popular activity) , with/at + figure
X ranks the lowest, with/at + figure
X scores highest, with/at + figure
X (only just) features in the top ten, with/at + figure
Top/Bottom of the list is X, with/at + The number-one activity is X, with/at +
figure figure
First/Last on the list is X, with/at + figure X is the number-one activity, with/at +
In first/second/last place is X, with/at + figure
figure X is second/next on the list, with/at +
Ranked in third place is X, with/at + figure
figure This was followed by X, with/at + figure
Next comes X, with/at + figure
FIGURE POSITION
Pattern 1 bracket ( X )
Pattern 2 preposition with/at X
Pattern 3 V-ing ,amounting to/accounting for/taking up/making up/representing X,
Pattern 4 comma ,X
Pattern 5 absolute phrase , (with)Subj + V-ing + X
Pattern 6 subject/object X + verb……………………… ………………….+ verb + X
1) 22% of total expenditure was spent on food in Britain.
2) In Britain 22% of total expenditure went to food.
3) In Britain food accounted for 22% of total expenditure.
4) Food in Britain accounted for nearly a quarter of household budget,22%.
5) Nearly a quarter of household budget (22%) was spent on food in Britain.
6) Nearly a quarter of household budget was spent on food in Britain, amounting to 22%.
7) Nearly a quarter was spent on food in Britain, the average household allocating 22% of their
budget to this sector.
8) Food comes in second place in Britain, at 22%.
Stylistic transformation
Complete the following sentences using the word(s) given so that the
meaning of the original sentence stays the same.
China produces the most rice in Asia.
Option 1: the largest rice-producing country
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Option 2: the largest quantity of rice
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 3: the production of rice
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Option 4: is produced
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 5: than any other country
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Complete the following sentences using the word(s) given so that the
meaning of the original sentence stays the same.
The USA won the most medals in the Summer Olympics.
Option 1: successful
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 2: number
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 3: achieve
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 4: high-ranking medal winner
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 5: take home
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 6: come top
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Option 6: outstanding
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