University of San Carlos

School of Health care Professions

Department of Nursing

HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

(revised 2021)

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMUNITY:

Guadalupe with a population of 70,039, and with the highest age group of 20 to 24 comprising 11.18% of the population followed by 15 to 19, 25 to
29, 30 to 34 comprising 9.54%, 9.34%, and 7.74% respectively (City population, 2020; PhilAtlas, 2015). Tuberculosis was the disease most commonly
observed to be widespread in the community, as the most individuals comprising the community i.e. the ages mentioned above, lack proper education
concerning tobacco usage, and the disease in itself. Cigarettes are a favorite past-time for this community, and the culture has seen to be maintained even
through the younger adolescent ages.

Alavi-Naini et al. (2012) correlated Tuberculosis with smoking, and found that a significant portion of clients affected by the disease are regular
smokers, most of whom have practiced smoking for more than 10 years, these individuals had a familial TB history, and familial smoking history.
Furthermore, when TB clients who are undiagnosed continue to smoke within their households, the family involved are at a high risk of contracting the
bacterium, causing transmission of infection.

NURSING DIAGNOSIS:
Knowledge deficit related to regular practice of variables increasing susceptibility to disease.
Risk for infection related to lack of early intervention.

GOAL:
The barangay Guadalupe will be able to acquire basic knowledge on maintaining a healthy respiratory system, and tuberculosis mitigation.

TOPIC: Health Promotion, and mitigation of tuberculosis

 LEARNING OUTCOMES CONTENT TEACHING RESOURCES/RESPONSIBLE
STRATEGY PERSONS
At the end of the discussion, the
barangay will be able to:

1. Define, and explain: (1) INTRODUCTION

The respiratory system; and (2) (1) The respiratory system is a complex process made
Tuberculosis up of different organs, all to provide the body with
oxygen (which is used in many different processes), Lecture- -Visual Aids ( flip charts etc..)
and facilitate breathing. This starts from the nose, Discussion
up until the alveolar sacs where the thin walls allow (5 mins)
for gas exchange in the capillaries.

(2) Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacteria that

invades lungs that are vulnerable. Initially, an
individual does not become sick at first infection, it
is only when the bacterium has proliferated enough,
will the severe signs, and symptoms appear, as the
bacteria may have damaged a substantial amount of
 the cells within the lungs. Furthermore, this disease
is highly infectious as the disease causing agent is
quickly spread by simply talking, singing,
coughing, or breathing. Tuberculosis is a very
difficult disease to treat due to the bacteria’s ability
to resist certain medication.

2. Discriminate & recognize the TB & ITS STAGES Lecture- -Visual Aids ( flip charts etc..)
signs & symptoms of 3 stages of TB: Discussion
tuberculosis ● Primary Infection - initial exposure (10 Mins)
● Latent Infection - development of
infection, tests are able to detect the
infection at this stage
● Active Disease - infection damages the
viscera, severity is dependent on host’s
ability to suppress the infection.

Signs & Symptoms:

This is dependent on where the infection has
manifested (though most common is the
pulmonary TB)
● Bad cough lasting more than 3 weeks
● Chest pains
● Expectorating blood, or sputum
Other symptoms:
● Weakness or fatigue
● Weight-loss
● Loss of appetite
 ● chills
● fever
● sleep hyperhidrosis

3. Discuss with peers the risk RISK FACTORS & SUSCEPTIBLE INDIVIDUALS Lecture- -Visual Aids ( flip charts etc..)
factors associated with the Discussion
disease, and susceptible Generally, those practicing unhealthy/damaging habits (10 mins)
individuals. toward their lungs i.e. smoking, exposure to chemicals,
etc. are open to all pathogenic invasions.
Below are other risk factors for TB:
● Recently infected with TB bacteria
○ Close contact with host
○ Immigrated from area with high
concentration of TB cases
○ Sub-groups with high rate of
transmission i.e. homeless,
injection drug users, etc.
○ People in high risk institutions or
work closely with TB patients
● Conditions that suppress the immune
system.
○ Diabetes
○ Substance abuse
○ Low body weight
○ Organ transplant
○ HIV Infection
 4. Independently practice healthy PRACTICES FOR HEALTHY LUNGS & Lecture - -Live Demonstrations
lung promotion, and mitigation MITIGATING INFECTION Discussion & - Visual Aids
habits. Return
To promote healthy lungs: Demonstration
● Avoid smoking (20 mins)
● Regular Exercise

Practices (Return Demo):

● Wearing protection in face of pollutants or irritants
○ Facemasks
○ Respirators
● Proper Handwashing technique
● Breathing exercises

Mitigation:
● TB Vaccine (BGC)
● Regular check ups

EVALUATION:
● The community was able to verbalize understanding, & basic knowledge on the respiratory system, and tuberculosis: Met
● The community was able to see the relevance of keeping the lungs healthy: Partially Met
● The community was able to discontinue forms of practice that harms the respiratory system: Met
● The community was able to effortlessly identify the signs & symptoms of tuberculosis, and provide mitigating actions whilst protecting
themselves: Met
REFERENCE/S:

Alavi-Naini, R., Sharifi-Mood, B., & Metanat, M. (2012). Association between tuberculosis and smoking. International journal of high risk behaviors &
addiction, 1(2), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.5215

Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Tuberculosis (TB). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/tb/default.htm

CityPopulation. (2020). Guadalupe: Barangay in Cebu City. Retrieved from

https://www.citypopulation.de/en/philippines/cebu/072217029__guadalupe/

Department of Health. (2020). National tuberculosis TB control program. Retrieved from https://doh.gov.ph/national-tuberculosis-control-program

Haddad, M., & Sharma, S. (2021). Physiology, lung. StatPearls [Internet]. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545177/#:~:text=The%20respiratory%20system%20is%20composed,primary%20location%20for%20g
as%20exchange.

Healthline. (n.d.). 5 ways to keep your lungs healthy and whole. Retrieved from
https://www.healthline.com/health/understanding-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis/chronic-lung-diseases-causes-and-risk-factors#Asthma

National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Image of respiratory system. Retrieved from https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/details.cfm?imageid=7235

PhilAtlas. (2015). Guadalupe. Retrieved from

https://www.philatlas.com/visayas/r07/cebu-city/guadalupe.html#:~:text=According%20to%20the%202015%20Census,and%20over%2C%20wit
h%20521%20individuals.

Tierney, D., & Nardell, E. (2018). Tuberculosis (TB). MSD Manual. Retrieved from
https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/mycobacteria/tuberculosis-tb