Configuring Static

Routes and Default

Routes

Préparé par : JEBALI Amira

NEYLI Eya
2GT3 groupe 2
Learning Objectives

As a result of this lab section, you should achieve the following tasks:

• Configuration of a static route using an interface and an IP address as

the next hop.
• Verification of static route operation.
• Implementation of the interconnection between a local and external
network using a default route.
• Configuration of a backup static route on a router.

Topology

Figure 4.1 Lab topology for static and default routes

1
Scenario

Assume that you are a network administrator of a company that contains a

single administrative domain and within the administrative domain, multiple
networks have been defined, for which currently no method of routing exists.
Since the network scale is small, with only a few networks, static routes and
default routes are to be used to implement interwork communication. The
network addressing is to be applied as shown in Figure 4.1.
If a password is requested, and unless otherwise stated, please use the
password: huawei

Tasks

Step 1 Perform basic system and IP address configuration.

Configure the device names and IP addresses for R1, R2, and R3.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.13.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.0.12.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 24

Run the display current-configuration command to check the configuration.

2
<R1>display ip interface brief
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
......output omitted......
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.13.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.12.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned up down
LoopBack0 10.0.1.1/24 up up(s)
......output omitted......

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.0.12.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 10.0.23.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R2]interface LoopBack0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 24

3
<R2>display ip interface brief
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
......output omitted......
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 10.0.12.2/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 10.0.23.2/24 up up
LoopBack0 10.0.2.2/24 up up(s)
......output omitted......

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.13.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.0.23.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

4
[R3]interface LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 24

<R3>display ip interface brief

Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
......output omitted......
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.13.3/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 10.0.23.3/24 up up
LoopBack0 10.0.3.3/24 up up(s)
......output omitted......

Use the ping command to test network connectivity from R1.

<R1>ping 10.0.12.2
PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms

5
 Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

--- 10.0.12.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/30/30 ms

<R1>ping 10.0.13.3
PING 10.0.13.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=6 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=2 ms

--- 10.0.13.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/6 ms

Use the ping command to test network connectivity from R2

6
<R2>ping 10.0.23.3
PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=31 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=31 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=41 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=31 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=41 ms

--- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/35/41 ms

Step 2Test connectivity

Use the ping command to test network connectivity from R2 to neworks

10.0.13.0/24 and 10.0.3.0/24
<R2>ping 10.0.13.3
PING 10.0.13.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out

--- 10.0.13.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

7
 0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss

<R2>ping 10.0.3.3
PING 10.0.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out

--- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss

If R2 wishes to communicate with the network segment 10.0.3.0, a route

destined for this network segment must be configured on R2, and routes
destined for the R2 interface must be configured on R3.
The preceding test result shows that R2 cannot communicate with 10.0.3.3 and

8
10.0.13.3.
Run the display ip routing-table command to view the routing table of R2. The
routing table does not contain the routes of the two networks.
<R2>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Step 3Configure static routes on R2.

Configure a static route for destination networks 10.0.13.0/24 and 10.0.3.0/24,

with the next hop set as the IP address 10.0.23.3 of R3, a preference value of

9
60 is the default and need not be set.
[R2]ip route-static 10.0.13.0 24 10.0.23.3
[R2]ip route-static 10.0.3.0 24 10.0.23.3

Note: In the ip route-static command, 24 indicates the subnet mask length,

which can also be expressed using the decimal format 255.255.255.0.
<R2>display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.3.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/2

10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2

Step 4Configure backup static routes.

The data exchanged between R2 and 10.0.13.3 and 10.0.3.3 is transmitted

through the link between R2 and R3. R2 fails to communicate with 10.0.13.3 and
10.0.3.3 if the link between R2 and R3 is faulty.
According to the topology, R2 can communicate with R3 through R1 if the link
between R2 and R3 fails. A backup static route can be configured to enable this

10
redundancy. Backup static routes do not take effect in normal cases. If the link
between R2 and R3 fails, backup static routes are used to transfer data.
Amend th preferences for on the backup static routes to ensure that the routes
are used only when the primary link fails. In this example, the preference of the
backup static route is set to 80.
[R1]ip route-static 10.0.3.0 24 10.0.13.3

[R2]ip route-static 10.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.12.1 preference 80

[R2]ip route-static 10.0.3.0 24 10.0.12.1 preference 80

[R3]ip route-static 10.0.12.0 24 10.0.13.1

Step 5Test the static routes.

View the current static route configuration in the routing table of R2.
<R2>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.23.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
10.0.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

11
The routing table contains two static routes that were configured in step 3. The
value of the Protocol field is Static, indicating a static route. The value of the
Preference field is 60, indicating the default preference is used for the route.
Test network connectivity to ensure the route between R2 and R3 exists.
<R2>ping 10.0.13.3
PING 10.0.13.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=34 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=34 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=34 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=34 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=34 ms
--- 10.0.13.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 34/34/34 ms

12
<R2>ping 10.0.3.3
PING 10.0.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=41 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=41 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=41 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=41 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=41 ms
--- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 41/41/41 ms

The command output shows that the route is functioning normally. The tracert
command can also be run to view the path over which the data is transferred.
<R2>tracert 10.0.13.3
traceroute to 10.0.13.3(10.0.13.3), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,
press CTRL_C to break
1 10.0.23.3 40 ms 31 ms 30 ms

13
<R2>tracert 10.0.3.3
traceroute to 10.0.3.3(10.0.3.3), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,
press CTRL_C to break
1 10.0.23.3 40 ms 30 ms 30 ms

The command output verifies that R2 directly sends data to R3.

Step 6Test the backup static routes.

Disable the path to 10.0.23.3 via GigabitEthernet0/0/2 on R2 and observe the

changes in the IP routing tables.
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]shutdown
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

Compare the routing tables with the previous routing tables before Gigabit
Ethernet 0/0/2 was disabled.
<R2>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0

10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 Static 80 0 RD 10.0.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

14
 10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Static 80 0 RD 10.0.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

The next hops and preferences of the two routes as shown in the preceding
routing table for R2 have changed.
Test connectivity between R2 and the destination addresses 10.0.13.3 and
10.0.3.3 on R2.
<R2>ping 10.0.3.3
PING 10.0.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=3 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=2 ms
--- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/3 ms

15
<R2>ping 10.0.13.3
PING 10.0.13.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=3 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=2 ms
--- 10.0.13.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/3 ms

The network is not disconnected when the link between R2 and R3 is shut
down.

The tracert command can also be run to view through over which path the
data is being forwarded.
<R2>tracert 10.0.13.3
traceroute to 10.0.13.3(10.0.13.3), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break
1 10.0.12.1 40 ms 21 ms 21 ms

16
2 10.0.13.3 30 ms 21 ms 21 ms

<R2>tracert 10.0.3.3
traceroute to 10.0.3.3(10.0.3.3), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break
1 10.0.12.1 40 ms 21 ms 21 ms
2 10.0.13.3 30 ms 21 ms 21 ms

The command output shows that the data sent by R2 reaches R3 via the
10.0.12.0 and 10.0.13.0 networks connected to R1.

Step 7 Using default routes to implement network connectivity.

Enable the interface that was disabled in step 6 on R2.

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo shutdown

Verify connectivity to the network 10.0.23.0 from R1.

[R1]ping 10.0.23.3
PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out

--- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received

17
100.00% packet loss

R3 cannot be reached because the route destined for 10.0.23.3 is not

configured on R1.

<R1>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0

10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

18
A default route can be configured on R1 to implement network connectivity
via a next hop of 10.0.13.3.
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.13.3

After the configuration is complete, test connectivity between R1 and

10.0.23.3.
<R1>ping 10.0.23.3
PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=3 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=2 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=2 ms
--- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/3 ms

19
The default route forwards traffic destined for 10.0.23.3 to the next hop of
10.0.13.3 on R3. R3 is directly connected to the 10.0.23.0 network.

Step 8Configure a backup default route.

If the link between R1 and R3 fails, a backup default route can be used to
communicate with 10.0.23.3 and 10.0.3.3 via the 10.0.12.0 network.
However, R1 is not directly connected to these networks and therefore a backup
route (in both directions) must be configured to provide a forwarding path.
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.12.2 preference 80

[R3]ip route-static 10.0.12.0 24 10.0.23.2 preference 80

Step 9Test the backup default route.

View the routes of R1 when the link between R1 and R3 is operational.

<R1>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

20
 10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Disable Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 on R1 and disable interface Gigabit Ethernet

0/0/0 on R3 to simulate a link failure, and then view the routes of R1. Compare
the current routes with the routes before Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 was disabled.
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shutdown
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

21
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shutdown
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

<R1>display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 11 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 80 0 RD 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

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 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

According to the preceding routing table, the value of 80 in the Preference

column indicates that the backup default route 0.0.0.0 is actively forwarding
traffic to the next hop of 10.0.23.3.
Test network connectivity on R1.
<R1>ping 10.0.23.3
PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=76 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=250 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=76 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=76 ms
Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=76 ms
--- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 76/110/250 ms

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<R1>tracert 10.0.23.3
traceroute to 10.0.23.3(10.0.23.2), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break
1 10.0.12.2 30 ms 26 ms 26 ms
2 10.0.23.3 60 ms 53 ms 56 ms

The IP packets are reaching R3 (10.0.23.3) via the next hop 10.0.12.2 of R2.

Final Configuration

<R1>dis current-configuration
[V200R007C00SPC600]
#
sysname R1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
shutdown
ip address 10.0.13.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.13.3
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.12.2 preference 80
ip route-static 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.13.3

24
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
set authentication password cipher %$%$+L'YR&IZt'4,)>-*#lH",}%K-oJ_M9+'lOU~bD (\WTqB}%N,%$%$
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
<R2>display current-configuration
[V200R007C00SPC600]
#
sysname R2
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.0.23.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.23.3
ip route-static 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.12.1 preference 80
ip route-static 10.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.23.3
ip route-static 10.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.12.1 preference 80
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
set authentication password cipher %$%$1=cd%b%/O%Id-8X:by1N,+s}'4wD6TvO<I|/pd#
#44C@+s#,%$%$
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

<R3>display current-configuration
[V200R007C00SPC600]
#
sysname R3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
shutdown
ip address 10.0.13.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.0.23.3 255.255.255.0
#

25
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 10.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.13.1
ip route-static 10.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.23.2 preference 80
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
set authentication password cipher %$%$ksXDMg7Ry6yUU:63:DQ),#/sQg"@*S\U#.s.bHW
xQ,y%#/v,%$%$
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

26