HAIR SHAMPOO
Objectives:
After 2 hours of varied learning activities, the Level I students will be able to:
1. Define the following terms:
1.1. Hair shampoo 1.8. Lice
1.2. Alopecia 1.9. Delousing
1.3. Dandruff 1.10. Seborrheic dermatitis
1.4. Infestation 1.11. Sebum
1.5. Nits 1.12. Ticks
1.6. Pediculosis 1.13. Emulsification
1.7. Pediculicide
2. Explain the importance of hair shampooing
3. Discuss the following:
3.1. Indications and contraindications of hair shampooing
3.2. Factors that influence hair shampooing
3.3. Guidelines in hair shampooing
3.4. Common hair and scalp problem
3.4.1 Characteristics
3.4.2. Causes
3.4.3. Treatment
3.4.4. Nursing intervention
4. Identify material/equipment used in hair shampoo
5. Relate the scientific principles involved in hair shampoo
6. Demonstrate the beginning skills in hair shampooing
1. Define the following terms:
1.1 Hair Shampoo
Shampoo is a hair care product, originating from the Indian
subcontinent, typically in the form of a viscous liquid, that is used for
cleaning hair.
1.2 Alopecia
Alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost
from some or all areas of the body. Often it results in a few bald spots on the scalp,
each about the size of a coin. Psychological stress may result. People are generally
otherwise healthy.
1.3 Dandruff
Dandruff is a common chronic scalp condition marked by flaking of the skin on
your scalp.
1.4 Infestation
Infestation is the state of being invaded or overrun by pests or parasites. It can also
refer to the actual organisms living on or within a host.
1.5 Nits
Nits are the empty egg cases attached to hair that head lice hatch from.
1.6 Pediculosis
Pediculosis is an infestation of the hairy parts of the body or clothing with the
eggs, larvae or adults of lice.
1.7 Pediculicide
Pediculicides are substances used to treat lice
1.8 Lice
Plural form of louse, a parasitic insect that manifests in animals
1.9 Delousing
To apply insecticides or insect repellents to, in order to be sure that no lice or other
parasites are present
1.10 Seborrheic Dermatitis
It is a very common skin condition that causes redness, scaly patches, and dandruff.
It most often affects the scalp, but it can also develop in oily areas of the body, such
as the face, upper chest, and back.
1.11 Sebum
An oily secretion of the sebaceous glands.
1.12 Ticks
Ticks are small arachnids, typically 3 to 5 mm long, part of the order
Parasitiformes.
1.13 Emulsification
The breakdown of fat globules in the duodenum into tiny droplets, which provides a
larger surface area on which the enzyme pancreatic lipase can act to digest the fats
into fatty acids and glycerol
Example: Shampoo mixing with water
2. Explain the importance of hair shampooing
To cleanse the hair that contains any unwanted substance like excess oil and dirt
Keeps hairs and scalp clean
Gives the client a comfortable feeling
Promotes good health practice
Stimulate blood circulation
To maintain integrit of hair and scalp
Nurse will be able to inspect the scalp
To apply medicated solutions to hair and scalp
3. Discuss the following:
3.1 Indications and contraindications of hair shampooing
Indications of Hair Shampooing
Client's who are hospitalized for extended periods and hair has become solied
Client's who cannot provide self-care due to paralysis and limited mobility
Potential for infetcion of the scalp including lice, tick and dandruff
Shampooing the hair can be done after a physician's order
Contraindications of Hair Shampooing
Post operative pattern with head injury
Patient with neck Injury
Skin and scalp disorders and diseases
Cuts
Product allergies
Recent injuries to the treatment care
3.2 Factors that influence hair shampooing
1. Age
As humans grow old, hair becomes thinner and hair loss
becomes more apparent. There are certain shampoos that is
used by older people or people with thinning hair.
Example: Panteen Age Defy Shampoo.
2. Environment
Living in a humid or dry environment can make hair
loss more severe by drying out hair and making it more
brittle.
Cold and damp climates can also have a negative
effect on hair, not only through the immediate drying effects
they have, but also the fact that people living in cold
climates often wear hats.
3. Gender
There are different kinds and brands of shampoo for men
and women. Although it is fine to use shampoo for
women in men and vice versa, one must know that men
shampoo are made to be light everyday use.
4. Race
There are 3 types of hair according to race. There is
the Asian hair, Afro-caribbean hair and Caucasian hair.
Asian hair is usually very straight. Afro-carribean hair is
naturally very curly and Caucasian hair can be anywhere
between the two.
5. Beliefs
When one believes in a false saying or myth
they tend to hold on to this even when there
are scientific proofs that it is false.
6. Socio Economic Status
Some people do not have enough
financial income to avoid shampoos
that are suitable for them
3.3 Guidelines on hair shampooing
1. Identify patient using two identifiers according to agency policy.
2. Before washing patient’s hair, determine that there are no contraindications to
procedure.
3. Perform hand hygiene and apply gloves if needed. Inspect hair and scalp before
initiating procedure to determine presence of any conditions that require use of
special shampoos or treatments.
4. Place waterproof pad under patient’s shoulders, neck and head. Position patient
supine, with head and shoulders at top edge of bed. Place plastic trough under
patient’s head and wash bin at end of trough. Be sure that trough spout
extends beyond edge of mattress.
5. Place rolled towel under patient’s neck and bath towel over patient’s shoulders
6. Brush and comb patient’s hair
7. Obtain warm water.
8. Offer patient the option of holding face towel or washcloth over eyes.
9. Slowly pour water from pitcher over hair until it is completely wet. If hair
contains matted blood, put on gloves, apply peroxide to dissolve clots, and rinse
hair with saline. Apply small amount of shampoo.
10. Work up lather with both hands. Start at hairline and work toward back of
neck. Lift head slightly with one hand to wash back of head. Shampoo sides of
head. Massage scalp by applying pressure with fingertips.
11. Rinse hair with water. Make sure that water drains into basin. Repeat rinsing
until hair is free of soap.
12. Apply conditioner or cream rinse if requested and rinse hair thoroughly.
13. Wrap patient’s head in bath towel. Dry patient’s face with cloth used to
protect eyes. Dry off any moisture along neck or shoulders.
14. Dry patient’s hair and scalp. Use second towel if it first becomes saturated.
15.Comb hair to remove tangles and dry with dryer if desired.
16.Apply oil preparation or conditioning product to hair if desired by patient.
17.Help patient to comfortable position and complete styling of hair.
4. Identify material/equipment used in hair shampoo
Basin of water Comb or brush
2-bath towel Cotton balls in a container
2 washcloth Bath Blanket
Rubber Sheet
Shampoo& Conditioner
Pitcher of Hot Water Foot Stool
Pitcher of Cold Water. Old newspaper
Kellypad
Bath Thermometer
Bucket for used water
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5. Relate the scientific principles involved in hair shampoo
1. Anatomy and Physiology
Hair shampooing involves our scalp and hair. Shampooing helps to maintain a
healthy scalp and hair. It also helps blood flow in the scalp. The use of a daily
conditioner is also encouraged, which will help keep our hair shiny and tangle
free. Conditioning also smoothes our hairs’ cuticles, which helps to protect our
cortex from damage and dryness
2. Microbiology
Shampoos are used to clean away all the grime and skin scales from your scalp.
Help keep your scalp and hair in better condition and to discourage the
overgrowth of bacteria. Some Shampoo products are designed to treat fungal
infections affecting the scalp.
3. Chemistry
Shampoos contain various chemicals, including sodium laureth sulfate,
ammonium lauryl sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and selenium sulfide. Some
ingredients are added to shampoo to keep it uniformly mixed, thicken it so that it
is easier to apply, prevent the growth of bacteria and mold, and preserve it to
extend its shelf life.
4. Physics
Static electricity is created or happens when unlike objects are rub against each
other.
5. Psychology
Shampooing or cleansing influences clients psychological view as one that can
make a difference in the way they look, smell, and feel thus improves their
appearance and well-being.
6. Body Mechanics
Ensures clinician and patient safety. Patient and anyone assisting invests
movements. So instructions regarding their responsibilities should be given to
avoid body strain and injury.
7. Sociology
Hair is perhaps our most powerful symbol of individual and group identity -
powerful first because it is physical and therefore extremely personal, and second
because, although personal, it is also public rather than private.
6. Demonstrate the beginning skills in hair shampooing
PROCEDURE RATIONALE
1. Secure doctor’s order for hair shampoo.
Explain procedure. Bring preparation to
bedside.
2. Replace top sheet with bath blanket
3. Adjust head of patient to edge of bed.
4. Place rubber sheet and clean towel
under patient’s head over the pillow.
5. Put Kelly pad under the patient’s head.
6. Make the necessary adjustments to
facilitate flow of water.
7. Protect chest with clean towel. Cover
eyes with damp cloth.
8. Plug the ears with cotton balls.
9. Remove clips/pins from hair. Massage
scalp briskly. Mix hot and cold water to
get desired temperature in the basin.
Check the temperature of water. Wet
hair after warning the patient.
10. Dilute shampoo with water. Apply to
hair and scalp. Rub well into scalp with
fingertips.
11. Rinse with warm water. Repeat several
times until hair conditioner to soften
hair.
12. Apply hair conditioner to soften hair.
Rinse thoroughly with warm water.
13. Squeeze water from hair. Remove
Kelly pad and place in the wastebasket.
14. Dry hair with bath towel.
15. Comb, brush and arrange hair.
16. Make patient comfortable. Tidy place
17. Clean and return things used.
18. Chart time, patient’s reaction, any
unusual conditions of patient’s hair and
scalp.
