Republic of the Philippines

MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

Marawi City
BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

OUTCOME-BASED SYLLABUS IN BIOLOGY 100

A. COURSE INFORMATION
Course Code BIO 100
Course Title General Botany
Course Credit Units (hrs/wk & hrs/sem) 5 units: 3 units lecture (3 hrs/week), 2 units laboratory (6 hrs/week)
Course Description Overview of the plant body, plant manufacturing, reproduction, and embryonic development, growth and development.
(Monday 8:30-11:30AM lecture (3hrs); 11:30-1:00 plus Wednesday 8:30-1:00 laboratory (6hrs)
Expect activities every Wednesday; online class during Monday only)
Course Outcomes At the end of this course, the students should be able to:
 1. Know, appreciate, and understand the origin and history of botany;
 2. Identify and describe the early branches of botany (plant biology) and the persons associated with them; the subdivisions
in botany (plant biology) and related disciplines; the steps employed in scientific method and its limitations; the plant body
parts (cells, tissues and organs); the organic and inorganic ions and molecules needed by the plant; and some external and
internal environments affecting plant growth and development;
 3. Discuss briefly how the gametes are formed and the embryo developed into root, stem and leaf, how water moves upward,
how sugar and other cell products are moving upward and downward through the plants, how light energy is used to build
sugar from carbon dioxide and discuss the use of the variety of molecules as source of energy;
 4. Identify the major groups’ representatives in the plant kingdom and describe the evolution of plants;
 5. Photograph, draw, sketch, diagram, identify, label and describe the plant vegetative and reproductive structures (cells,
tissues and regions) and relate the structures to the phenomena: photosynthesis, respiration, and water movement; and
 6. Understand the use scientific method and present scientific/research findings in class.
Prerequisite(s) None
Credits and References  Bidlack, J.E. and S.H. Jansky. 2014. Stern’s Introductory Plant Biology. 13 th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Biology Department,CNSM, MSU Marawi. Basic Biology Course Notes.
 Campbell, N.A. and L.G. Mitchell and J.B. Reece. 2000. Biology Concepts & Connections. 3 rd ed. San Francisco: Benjamin
Cummings - Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
 Gealone-Corpus, A.M. 2015. Healthy Juices. Manila, Philippines: Philippine Publishing House.
 Krogh, D. 2005. Biology: A Guide to the Natural World. 3rd ed. New York: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 777pp.
 Mauseth, J.D. 2009. An Introduction to Plant Biology. 4th ed. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. 624pp.
 Straten, M.V. 2018. The Natural Health Bible Quick Prescription from Nature’s Own Pharmacy. London: Bounty Books for
Hamlyn - Octopus Publishing Group Ltd.
Related Readings  Adams, P. and J.J. Baker. 1970. The Study of Botany. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. 556pp.
  Audesirk, G. and T. Audesirk and B.E. Byers. 2009. Life on Earth. New York: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. 122pp.
 Archer, J., Austin, A and Check, S. 2005. Age of Botanical Discovery. Bellamine University.
 Blouin, G. 2001. An Eclectic Guide to Trees East of the Rockies. Ontario: Boston Mills Press.
 Bold, H.C. 1977. The Plant Kingdom. New York: Prentice-Hall. 283 pp.
 Freeman, S. 2003. Biological Science. 3rd ed. Pearson Education, Inc. 1262pp.
 Fuller, H.J. and D.D. Ritchie. 1967. General Botany: College Outline Series. New York: Barnes and Nobles, Inc. 232pp.
 Hufford, T.L. 1978. Botany: Basic Concepts in Plant Biology. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 693pp.
 Muller, W.H. and I. Greece. 1979. Botany A Functional Approach. 4 th ed. New York: McMillan Publishing Company, Inc. 687pp.
 Ocampo, M.A. 2013. General Botany Manual. Makati, Philippines: Katha Publishing Company, Inc.
 Plant anatomy: an applied approach Cutler, D. F., Botha, T., Stevenson, D. W. 2008. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. £29.99
(paperback) 312 pp.
 Salisbury, F. and G. Ross. 1992. Plant Physiology. 3rd ed. New York: Wadsworth Publishing Company
 Taiz, L. and E. Zeiger. 1991. Plant Physiology. California: the Benjamin Cummings Publishing Company
 Weier, T.E. and C.R. Stocking and M.G. Barnes. 1974. Botany: AN Introduction to Plant Biology. New York: John Wiley and Sons,
Inc. 683pp.
Course Requirements & Grading System Lecture: 60% Laboratory: 40% Total: 100%

Major Exams 20% Lab reports 50% Passing rate:

Quizzes 50% Lab exam 40% 60%
Oral& written reports 20% Attendance to
Class participation and online meetings 10%
attendance to online meetings 10%

100% 100%
Classroom Policies (New Normal) 1. 1. E-learning materials will be posted during the official class hours for this course.
2. 2. Quizzes and assignments (in google forms, docs, etc) will be given at the end of each topic/lesson (refer to topic frame). The
deadline for submission of quizzes/assignments should not be beyond 24 hours after posting. Late submission, in cases of
inevitable circumstances, is allowed within 3 days after posting with corresponding point deduction.
3. 3. There will be two or three major exams for both lecture and laboratory depending on whichever the time will allow.
4. 4. Submission of exams should not be beyond 3 hours after posting. Keep posted for further instructions/announcements.
5. 5. Attendance will be checked by google meet attendance checker or evaluation question/link posted after each lesson and by the
instructor to ensure students’ actual presence and participation.
6. 6. Laboratory procedures, worksheets, and other related attachments/materials (docs/e-media sources/links, etc) will be given at
the end of each topic/lesson. Deadline for submission of lab sheets should not be beyond 3days after posting.
7. You can raise your concerns, inquiries, questions, issues thru SMS, or email. Consultation should not be earlier than 8:30AM
and not later than 5:00 PM, Friday only.
Others Instructor: Prof. Nourshamsia C. Barosa
Contact No.: 0906-0250-232/ 0968-423-3015
Institutional Email address: [email protected]
Messenger account: Shams Al-Tariq
 Class Schedule: MW 8:30-1:00PM Room Number: Google Classroom Consultation Hours: Friday, 8:30-5:00 PM

B. LECTURE LEARNING PLAN

Learning Outcomes Time Topics Methods/Tools & Resources Assessment

Frame Learning Activities
At the end of the lesson, the Week 1  MVGO of CNSM, MSU and the  E-Lecture  E-Student Handbook,  Oral recitation
student will be able to: Sept Biology Department  Google Classroom Handouts (MSU Newsletter), Reflection/Reaction Paper
1. Recite, explain and give 13M  General Orientation about the course  Online platforms for AV materials, laptop, DLP,
comments on the MVGO of contents, requirements, grading system, learning whiteboard
CNSM in particular and MSU class policies and others such as  Discussions  Guide Questions
in general and of the Biology students introducing themselves in the
Department class since this course is for freshmen.
2. Discuss existing policies,  Presentation of Course Syllabus and
rules and regulations of the expected outputs/ course requirements
University, college, and class.
At the end of the lesson, the Week 2  Plant Biology as a science  E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video Analysis
student will be able to: Sept o Scientific Method  with Video Clips  E-PPT  Quizzes/Assignments
Define botany; 20M o Subdivisions of Plant Biology  Google Classroom  Video streaming  Essay/Exposition
Discuss and explain how and Related Disciplines  Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks
humans have influenced their o Early and Modern Botanical
environment particularly
learning  E-modules and course notes
Studies
 Discussions
during the past centuries;  Characteristics of Life
Explain the different  Some Theories on the Origin of Life
 E-Card Sorting pair
subdivisions of Plant Biology Activity
and its related disciplines;
Describe how hypotheses are
formulated and used in the of
the scientific method and
discuss its limitations;
List the aspects of botany with
which each of the major
botanical disciplines is
concerned;
List the attributes of living
organisms.
Explain the different theories
on the origin of life.
At the end of the lesson, the  Overview of Plant Structure  E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Self-critique and evaluation
student will be able to: o Plant Cell
Explain the development of o Cell cycle  with Video Clips  E-PPT  Mind mapping analysis
modern cell theory and state o Plant Tissues  Google Classroom  Video streaming  Quizzes and assignments
how early researchers have  Meristem  Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks
led us to our current  Permanent tissues
understanding;
learning  E-modules and course notes
 Dermal  Discussions
Describe the unique structures
of plant cells and how  Ground  Mind mapping on plant
communication between them  Vascular cells and tissues
and within cells occur;  Group discussion
Describe what takes place in  E-Illustration using models
each stage of the cell cycle;
List and describe plant
meristems and where are they
found.
Explain structural and
functional differences
between xylem and phloem;
At the end of the lesson, the Week 3  The Root Structure and Function  E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video analysis and short
student will be able to: Sept 27 o External Structure of the Root  with Video Clips  E-PPT essay
State the primary functions M and Root Systems  Google Classroom  Video streaming  Hip chart analysis
and forms of roots. o Specialized Roots 
 Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks Self-evaluation
Describe the root regions and o Environment of the Root
list the function of each.
learning  E-modules and course notes  Quizzes/assignments
State the differences among  Discussions
the various types of  E-Illustration using
specialized roots Models
List at least 10 practical  Group discussion
human uses of roots. 
Describe how a good
agricultural soil is developed
from raw materials.
Explain how soil constituents
affect the availability of water
to plants and discuss the role
of soil pH in nutrient
availability.

At the end of the lesson, the  Origin and Development of Stems  E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video analysis and short
student will be able to:  The Stem Structure and Functions  with Video Clips  E-PPT essay
Identify the different parts and  Specialized Stems
tissues comprising a plant  Mechanisms of Material Transport  Google Classroom  Video streaming  Hip chart analysis
stem. Give their functions.  Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks  Self-evaluation
Describe the differences in the learning  E-modules and course notes  Quizzes/assignments
development of dicot and
 Discussions
monocot stems
Describe the composition of  E-Illustration using models
wood and its annual rings,
Week 4
sapwood, heartwood and  Practical Application of the Knowledge
bark.
Oct 4 M
on Stem Structure and Function
Provide descriptions of Oral Reporting
specialized stems. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles Individual (30 minutes
List at least 10 human uses of /PMC2701791/ only/students)
wood and stems in general.
Explain the transport of water 7 students only =
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage
and nutrients in the xylem and 3 hours 30 mins
/stem-cells-in-plants-and-animals-
phloem.
Discuss the process of
14164783/
transpiration and the factors
involved.

Week 6 - PRELIM EXAM Oct 11

At the end of the lesson, the Week 5  The Leaf Structure and Functions 
E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video analysis and short
student will be able to: Oct 11 o Leaf Morphology, Arrangement  with Video Clips  E-PPT essay
Identify and describe the M and Types 
Google Classroom  Video streaming  Hip chart analysis
external and internal forms o Internal Structure of the Foliage 

Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks Self-evaluation
and parts of a leaf and their Leaf
learning  E-modules and course notes  Quizzes/assignments
functions. o Specialized/Modified Leaves
Describe the differences in leaf 
Discussions
o Autumnal Changes in Leaf Color
venation and the differences  E-Illustration using models
between simple and
compound leaves.
Describe the differences  Human and Ecological Relevance of
among specialized leaves. Week 6 Oral Report
Leaves
Explain why deciduous leaves Oct 18 Individual (30 minutes
o Scientific/Research papers
turn various colors in the fall M (studies on plant leaves only/students)
and how such leaves are shed. applications)
List at least 15 uses of leaves https://www.78stepshealth.us/flowering- 7 students only =
by humans. plants/human-and-ecological-relevance-of- 3 hours 30 mins
leaves.html

https://cid-inc.com/use-case/what-are-
leaves-and-why-are-they-important/

At the end of the lesson, the Week 7  Differences between Monocots and E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video analysis and short
student will be able to: Oct 25 Dicots with Video Clips  E-PPT essay
List the parts of a typical M  Flower Structures/Functions Google Classroom  Video streaming  Self-evaluation
flower and describe the o Inflorescence Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks  Quizzes/assignments
function of each part. o Sexuality and Placentation learning
State the features that
 E-modules and course notes
o Pollination and Pollinating Discussions
distinguish monocots from Agents Group discussion
dicots. o Fertilization
Discuss pollination and
pollinating agents.  Fruit Structure and Functions
Explain the process of o Fruit Formation/Development
fertilization in plants o Classification of Fruits
Differentiate fruit structure o Dispersal Mechanisms
and their functions.  Seed Structure and Functions
Differentiate seed structure o Seed Types
and their functions. o Dispersal and Germination Oral Report/presentation
Explain the changes that occur Individual (30 minutes
when a seed germinates and Weeks 8 Scientific/Research papers (studies on plant only/student)
state the environmental Nov 8 M fruits and seeds applications)
conditions essential to 7 students only =
germination. 3 hours 30 mins
Describe fruit and seed
adaptations that are used to
promote how they are
dispersed.
List the types of factors that
control dormancy. Explain
how dormancy may be broken
both naturally and artificially.
 Week 9 Midterm Exam Nov 15 M
At the end of the lesson, the Week 10  Plant Nutrition  E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Video analysis and short
student will be able to: Nov 22  Plant metabolism  with Video Clips  E-PPT essay
List and describe the function M o Photosynthesis  Google Classroom  Video streaming  Situational case analysis
of mineral nutrients needed o Respiration  Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks writing
by plants.  Plant Growth and Development learning  E-modules and course notes  Self-evaluation
Explain what occurs in light-
dependent and dark reaction  Discussions  Quizzes/assignments
of photosynthesis.  Situational test analysis
Week 11
Differentiate C3, C4 and CAM  E-Illustration using models
Nov 29 Scientific/Research papers (studies on plant
photosynthesis. nutrition, metabolism and development
M
Explain what occurs in applications) Oral Report
glycolysis, the citric acid cycle Individual (30 minutes
and electron transport during only/student)
respiration.
Differentiate aerobic 7 students only =
respiration from fermentation. 3 hours 30 mins
Explain how external
environmental factors affects
plant growth.
Enumerate the different plant
hormones and how they affect
plant growth & dev’t.
Define photoperiodism and
identify its distinctions among
diff. plants.

At the end of the lesson, the Week 12  Alternation of Generations E-Lecture  (Digital media)  Class Participation
student will be able to: Dec 6 M o Mitosis and Meiosis with Video Clips  E-PPT  Situational case analysis
Know the features and phases o Central Dogma of Molecular Google Classroom  Video streaming writing
of mitosis and meiosis and Biology Online platforms for  E-references/ebooks  Experimental design
briefly describe their  learning evaluation
similarities and differences
Plant evolution, Plant Breeding and  E-modules and course notes
Propagation Discussions  Quizzes/assignments
and what occurs in each of Situational set analysis
 Survey of the Plant Kingdom
them. Designing practical
Describe different breeding
experiment
and propagation methods and
outline their major steps.
Discuss the roles of evolution Week 13 Oral Report
in agriculture, medicine, Dec 13 Scientific/Research papers (studies on plant Individual (30 minutes
 species extinction and evolution, propagation and survey of plant only/student)
invasion, and biotechnology. kingdom)
Identify the different divisions 7 students only =
under the plant kingdom. 3 hours 30 mins

Week 14 - FINAL EXAM Dec 20

C. LABORATORY LEARNING PLAN

Learning Outcomes Time Topics Methods/Learning Resources Assessment

Frame Activities
At the end of the lesson, the Week 1 INTRODUCTION  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: Sept 15W 1. Diagnostic Examination  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
3. Formulate the different 2. The Manual  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
elements of the scientific 3. The Requirements resources, DIY
method; SCIENTIFIC METHOD materials
4. Demonstrate how to use a THE MICROSCOPE  Guide Questions
microscope
At the end of the lesson, the Weeks 2 PLANT CELL  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: NUCLEAR AND CELL DIVISION  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
Identify the parts of a plant a. Mitosis  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
cell; PLANT CELL PHYSIOLOGY: resources, DIY
Distinguish different phases 1. Diffusion materials
of cell division; 2. Osmosis  Guide Questions
Demonstrate the processes of 3. Factors Affecting CM Integrity 
diffusion and osmosis; b. PLANT TISSUES
Identify different types of
plant tissues
PRELIM EXAM
At the end of the lesson, the Week 3 ROOT MORPHOLOGY  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: 1. Types of Root System  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
Distinguish the different 2. Structure of Root Tip  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
types of root systems and 1. 3. Specialized Roots resources, DIY
differentiate their functions; 4. Anatomy of the Root materials
Demonstrate the mechanism a. Young Eudicot Root  Guide Questions
of root absorption of water b. Mature Eudicot Root
c. Monocot Root
EXPERIMENTS ON ROOT
 PHYSIOLOGY
2. Absorption of Water
At the end of the lesson, the Week 4 MORPHOLOGY OF THE STEM  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: and 5 1. External Stem Structure  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
1. Identify the different a. Gross Morphology  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
structures of a stem and their b. Buds & Shoot Apex resources, DIY
functions; c. 1°, 2° Tissues of Eudicot Stem materials
2. Demonstrate the mechanism d. Gross Structure of Wood  Guide Questions
of phloem and xylem e. Monocotyledonous Stems
function in a stem; and f. Gymnosperm Stem
3. Demonstrate the effect of ii. g. Specialized Stems
light light on plant growth 2. Internal Stem Structure & Stem
Physiology
a. Movement of Water through
Stems
iii. b. Effect of Light on Stem Growth
At the end of the lesson, the Week 6 MORPHOLOGY OF THE LEAF  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: 1. External Features  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
Identify the different a. Gross Morphology  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
structures of a leaf and their b. Anatomy of Eudicot Leaf resources, DIY
functions c. Anatomy of Monocot Leaf materials
d. Modified Leaves  Guide Questions
2. Internal Structures &
a. Microscopic Structure of Leaf
Epidermal Tissue
At the end of the lesson, the Weeks 7 PHOTOSYNTHESIS  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: and 8 1. Importance of Light & Need for  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
1. Demonstrate the mechanisms Sunlight  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
of plant photosynthesis and 2. Importance of Chlorophyll resources, DIY
cellular respiration b. 3. Other Experiment materials
RESPIRATION  Guide Questions
1. Liberation of Heat in Respiration
2. Anaerobic Respiration
3. Release of Carbon Dioxide in
Respiration
At the end of the lesson, the Week 9 WATER MOVEMENT IN PLANTS &  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: TRANSPIRATION  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
Demonstrate the mechanism 1. Improvised Portable Guttation  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
 of transpiration Apparatus resources, DIY
2. Measuring Transpiration materials
3. Factors Affecting Transpiration  Guide Questions
Week 11 - MIDTERM EXAM
At the end of the lesson, the Weeks 10 STRUCTURE OF THE FLOWER  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: to 11 1. Parts of Regular & Irregular  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
Identify whether a plant is a Flowers  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
monocot or dicot by 2. Flower Inflorescence  Nature Walk resources, DIY
examining the flower, fruit 3. Sexuality of Flowers materials
and seed of a plant; 4. Types of Placentation  Guide Questions
Dissect and identify the VARIATIONS IN FLORAL STRUCTURE
different parts and functions o Floral Terminology
of a flower, fruit and seed; THE FRUITS
Distinguish different 1. Structure & Formation of Simple
inflorescence types of Fruits
flowers; o 2. Classification of Fruits
Identify different types of THE SEED
fruits and their structures; 1. Seed Structure and Seed Types
Demonstrate the mechanism o 2. The Process of Germination
of seed germination and plant o FRUIT AND SEED DESPERSAL
dispersal
At the end of the lesson, the Week 12- KINGDOM PLANTAE  Lecture  E-Laboratory Manual, Diagnostic Examination /
student will be able to: 13 1. Non-Vascular Plants: Bryophytes  Class AV materials,  Demonstration
1. Identify and familiarize the 2. Lower Vascular Plants: Ferns  Discussions laptop/desktop, DLP, E-
different plant groups based and Fern Allies  Nature Walk resources, DIY
on their basic morphology; 3. Higher Vascular Plants: materials
2. Identify medicinal plants Gymnosperms  Guide Questions
present in MSU; and  MEDICINAL PLANTS
3. Demonstrate niche and  GENETICS AND/OR ROLE OF PLANTS
patterns of inheritance in and IN ECOSYSTEMS
among plants
Week 14 - FINAL EXAM

Prepared by: Recommending Approval: Approved:

Nourshamsia C. Barosa, MSc. Dr. Annabella G. Villarino Dr. Henry P. Aringa

Faculty, Biology Department Department Chairperson College Dean