Coordinates: 53°47′21″N 2°13′49″W

Turf Moor
Turf Moor is an association football stadium in Burnley,
Lancashire, England. The stadium has been the home of Turf Moor
Burnley F.C. since 1883. This unbroken service makes Turf
Moor the second-longest continuously used ground in
English professional football. The stadium is situated on
Harry Potts Way, named after the manager who won the
1959–60 First Division with the club, and has a capacity of
21,944.

The Turf Moor site has been used for sporting activities since
at least 1843, when Burnley Cricket Club moved to the area. View of Turf Moor from Harry Potts Way
In 1883, they invited Burnley F.C. to use a pitch adjacent to
the cricket field. The first grandstand was not built until 1885,
while terraces were also added to each end of the ground in
the same year. Between the mid-1950s and mid-1970s, all
stands were rebuilt. Turf Moor underwent further
refurbishment during the 1990s, when the Longside and the
Bee Hole End terraces were replaced by all-seater stands Turf Moor
following the recommendations of the Taylor Report. As of
2021, the ground comprises four stands: the Bob Lord Stand,
the Cricket Field Stand, the James Hargreaves Stand and the
Jimmy McIlroy Stand.
Location in Burnley
In 1886, Turf Moor became the first football ground to be
visited by a member of the Royal Family, when Prince Albert
Victor attended a friendly match between Burnley and Bolton
Wanderers. The first Football League match at the ground
took place in October 1888; Fred Poland scored the first
league goal at the stadium. In 1922, Turf Moor hosted its only
FA Cup semi-final and, in 1927, it was the venue of an
international match between England and Wales. The
stadium's record attendance was set in 1924, when 54,775
people attended an FA Cup third round game between Turf Moor
Burnley and Huddersfield Town.

Contents
History
Early years and construction Location in Lancashire
Development and decline Full name Turf Moor
Conversion to all-seater Location Burnley, Lancashire,
Structure and facilities England

Other events and uses Coordinates 53°47′21″N 2°13′49″W

Records Owner Burnley F.C.
Transport Operator Burnley F.C.
Notes Capacity 21,944
References Field size 105 by 68 metres
External links (114.8 yd × 74.4 yd)
Surface Desso GrassMaster
Construction
History Built 1883
Opened 17 February 1883
Early years and construction Tenants

Burnley is in Lancashire in Northern England on the edge of Burnley F.C. (1883–present)

the Pennines; its River Brun drains the moors to the east. [1] Burnley Belvedere F.C. (1902–1904)
During the Middle Ages, the Turf Moor area was one of the
town's commons and the inhabitants probably cut turf here for fuel.[2][3] Sport has been played at the Turf
Moor site since at least 1843, when Burnley Cricket Club made the area their home. Before 1840, there
was a short-lived attempt to host an annual horse race.[4][5] In 1878, rugby football club Burnley Rovers
played a side from Bacup in an evening match to demonstrate electric lighting. The pitch was surrounded
by only three lamps which were powered by a small engine; the experiment cost £39 (the equivalent of
£4,000 as of 2021[a]) but was unsuccessful as the darkness caused many spectators to leave early.[4][6] In
January 1883, the cricket club leased seven acres of land between the cricket field and Bee Hole Colliery to
the east.[7][8] The following month, they invited association football team Burnley to move from their
original home at Calder Vale to the pitch adjacent to the cricket field. Burnley donated £65 (the equivalent
of £7,000 as of 2021[a]) toward the setup costs.[7][9] Burnley played their first match at Turf Moor on 17
February but lost 6–3 against Rawtenstall; according to a local newspaper, "a high wind made correct play
impossible". Committee member Charles Riley subsequently appointed himself Turf Moor's first
groundsman.[4]

Attendances during the early years averaged around 2,000, although a crowd of 12,000 was at the ground
in March 1884 to see Burnley play local rivals Padiham.[10] Spectators had to congregate around the pitch
or watch from the hill at the back of Turf Moor, so in 1885 the club built an 800-seater wooden grandstand
along the south side of the ground, along Brunshaw Road (as it was then known), and installed uncovered
standing areas (terraces) for 5,000 people at each end of the pitch.[4][11] In that year, a dispute broke out as
the cricketers complained that the footballers left the shared dressing room uncleaned and did not pay
toward repairs.[12] In October 1886, Turf Moor became the first football ground to be visited by a member
of the Royal Family: Prince Albert Victor attended the friendly match between Burnley and Bolton
Wanderers, while he was in the town to open a new hospital.[11]

Turf Moor hosted its first Football League match on 6 October 1888—an encounter between Burnley and
Bolton Wanderers. Burnley forward Fred Poland scored the first league goal at the ground after five
minutes, and the team defeated Bolton 4–1.[13] In 1889, after more disputes, Burnley separated from the
cricket club and agreed to pay £77 per year (the equivalent of £9,000 as of 2021[a]) to rent the stadium, and
subsequently increased their ticket prices from four to six pence (the equivalent of £2.78 as of 2021[a]) to
the dissatisfaction of the supporters.[14][15] In 1891, another local football team, Burnley Union Star,
disbanded and abandoned their ground, which included a grandstand. Burnley bought the stand and moved
it to the north side of Turf Moor, where it became known as the Stars Stand.[4] Turf Moor hosted its first
floodlit football match in March of the same year, between Burnley and Nelson; 16 creosote-fuelled lamps
were placed on poles at intervals along the sides of the pitch. Spectators reported that while the edges of the
field were sufficiently lit, there was a dark area in the centre.[4]
The Stars Stand was demolished in 1898 and replaced by a larger grandstand, which continued to be
referred to as the Stars Stand by the supporters. In 1903, Burnley built a second tier on the Brunshaw Road
Stand to accommodate club offices, and in September of that year, the club hosted its first annual general
meeting at Turf Moor. The Stars Stand was extended in 1909 with new turnstiles and barricades erected in
preparation for the FA Cup quarter-final game against reigning Football League champions Manchester
United.[4][11] In 1911, the club unveiled plans for the rebuilding of the Brunshaw Road Stand; former
Burnley forward Arthur Bell was the architect for the project.[4] A strike amongst railway workers delayed
the deliveries of steelwork for the new roof but spectators were still able to use the stand in time for
Burnley's first league game of the 1911–12 season against Leeds City. Work on the dressing rooms had not
been completed so players from both teams changed in the adjoining cricket pavilion. The stand cost the
club £5,000 (the equivalent of £513,000 as of 2021[a]) and could accommodate over 5,500 spectators,
including 2,200 seated places.[16] By this time an L-shaped embankment had been constructed, possibly
with spoil from the coal mine, stretching from the eastern goal around the northeast corner to the halfway
line.[17][18]

Development and decline

In 1913, the Burnley directors decided to demolish the Stars Stand

for a second time and opted instead to expand the uncovered
embankment.[16][17] The Brunshaw Road Stand was also
extended to run the whole length of the pitch. In 1914, a roof was
constructed to cover the terracing at the Cricket Field End. The
developments increased the ground's capacity to around 50,000,
almost equal to the town's male population.[11][16] Burnley won
the FA Cup that same year, and they were crowned First Division
champions in 1920–21.[19] During that season, the team went
unbeaten in 30 consecutive league matches—at that time an
English record—and won 18 consecutive games at Turf Moor. The Turf Moor featured on an Ordnance
average home attendance was more than 30,000, a club record at Survey map in 1913
the time.[20] In 1922, Turf Moor hosted its only FA Cup semi-
final; around 46,000 spectators saw Huddersfield Town defeat
Notts County 3–1. The Football Association demanded that the
pitch be lengthened to 115 yards (105 m) for the match, although
afterwards it was returned to its dimension of 111 yards
(101 m).[16] On 23 February 1924, Burnley beat Huddersfield 1–0
in the FA Cup third round in front of 54,775 supporters, still the
record for Turf Moor. As a result of the large crowd, one supporter
lost his life in a human crush.[11][21] Turf Moor hosted its only
senior international fixture in 1927 when England played Wales.
The Englishmen lost 2–1, as Burnley captain Jack Hill scored an
own goal to give the visitors the win. In 1932, a hut and The pitch and the Bob Lord Stand
scoreboard were installed at the Bee Hole End embankment—
named after the Bee Hole Colliery—with funds from Burnley's
newly founded supporters' club.[16][22]

In 1938, the club announced that a covered terrace would be built on the site of the old Stars Stand. The
plan was delayed by the outbreak of the Second World War,[16] but the new Longside terrace was
eventually completed in 1954.[9] Constructed on the four-decade-old embankment,[16][17] the club spent
£20,000 (the equivalent of £552,000 as of 2021[a]) on the roof alone. The terrace was built with help from
the Burnley youth players.[9] In 1955, Burnley became one of the first clubs to set up a purpose-built
training centre, on 80 acres of farmland at Gawthorpe Hall purchased by their new chairman, Bob
Lord.[11][23][24] The club installed permanent floodlights in 1957, which were first used during a friendly
against local rivals Blackburn Rovers.[11] Around this time, terracing was added to the banking at the Bee
Hole End.[25] As a result of Burnley's 1959–60 First Division title win, Turf Moor hosted its first ever
European Cup match on 16 November 1960; Jimmy Robson and Jimmy McIlroy scored early in the first
half as Burnley recorded a 2–0 victory over French team Stade de Reims.[19][26] In 1969, the Cricket Field
Stand was built at a cost of £180,000 (the equivalent of £2.98 million as of 2021[a]) and incorporated the
changing rooms, which made Turf Moor one of the few English grounds to have the players' tunnel behind
one of the goals.[9][27] It was the first stand to include oil-fired heating for supporters, with hot air blown
through holes under the seats. The system was abandoned after two seasons due to the costs.[11] The club
also extended the open terrace at the Bee Hole End in 1970, with the aim of increasing its capacity to
around 20,000.[22]

Lord hired Cambridge Soil Services to re-lay the pitch in 1974, and to install new drainage technology and
under-soil heating. Neither came into operation; Lord found them uneconomical, partly because of a major
rise in oil prices.[28] The pitch was also raised and the slope that had existed was minimised.[9] Lord then
replaced the Brunshaw Road Stand with a single-tier stand named after himself, which was opened in the
same year by former prime minister Edward Heath.[11] The Bob Lord Stand could accommodate 2,500
supporters; it cost £450,000 (the equivalent of £4.72 million as of 2021[a]),[9] which was partly financed by
Martin Dobson's transfer to Everton and caused some fans to dub it the "Martin Dobson Stand".[11] In
1978, Scottish club Celtic visited Turf Moor for the Anglo-Scottish Cup quarter-final first leg match. The
Celtic fans rioted and hurled bottles, stones and iron railings; 60 supporters were injured.[29][30] Burnley
won the game 1–0 and defeated the Scots 2–1 in the return leg; the team won 3–1 on aggregate and went
on to win that year's cup final.[31][32]

A drop in home attendances combined with increased debt caused a rapid decline in the team's fortunes
between the late 1970s and the early 1990s.[19][33] Burnley were left with little money to invest in the
stadium's redevelopment and safety work.[27] In 1992, 17-year-old apprentice footballer Ben Lee was
killed when he fell through the roof of the ageing Longside terrace as he tried to retrieve a football during
training.[27][34] The author Simon Inglis noted that the Longside "symbolised how far Turf Moor, once
deemed to be so modern, had fallen behind".[27]

Conversion to all-seater

Following the Hillsborough disaster in 1989, when a human crush

on the terraces of the Hillsborough Stadium caused 96 fatalities,
the Taylor Report was published in 1990. It proposed the
introduction of all-seater stadiums in the top two divisions of
English football by the start of the 1994–95 season.[35][36] Burnley
competed the 1994–95 season in the second tier, but were
The Jimmy McIlroy Stand during a relegated to the third tier at the end of the year.[19] As a result of
tifo display their season at the second level, Burnley were granted
£2.25 million (the equivalent of £4.36 million as of 2021[a]) by the
Football Trust in April 1995 to convert Turf Moor into an all-seater
stadium, which had to be spent within 12 months.[27][37] The club contracted the Lincolnshire-based
Linpave company in September 1995 to build two stands in place of the Longside and the Bee Hole End
terraces at a total cost of £5.2 million (the equivalent of £10.1 million as of 2021[a]).[38] The last match in
front of the Longside was played on 16 September—Burnley won 2–1 against Hull City.[27][39] The two-
tiered North Stand was built in its place and was opened in April 1996 for the visit of Bristol
Rovers.[38][40] It was later renamed the James Hargreaves Stand due to a sponsorship deal.[41] A day after
the North Stand had opened, demolition of the Bee Hole End started. The Jimmy McIlroy Stand, named in
honour of the former Burnley player, was completed in September 1996 and took the stadium's capacity to
22,619.[9]

In 2006, Burnley sold Turf Moor and the Gawthorpe training ground to Longside Properties to resolve their
financial problems following the 2002 ITV Digital collapse—Burnley lost over 30 per cent of their income
due to the loss of expected television revenue. The club's chairman Barry Kilby owned 51 per cent of
Longside Properties' shares.[42][43] The following year, the club revealed plans for a £20 million (the
equivalent of £28 million as of 2021[a]) redevelopment of Turf Moor and Gawthorpe, to be carried out in
six phases and expected to be completed by 2010.[44][45] Among the ideas was the demolition of the
Cricket Field and the construction of a stand that would incorporate a hotel, restaurant, business centre and
cricket pavilion.[44][46] Planning permission for the first stage of developments was granted in April
2008,[47] but in October, the club delayed the project as a result of the global financial crisis.[48] The plans
were again put on hold in 2010, due to Burnley's relegation from the Premier League and a projected
recession.[49]

Turf Moor and Gawthorpe returned to Burnley ownership under co-chairmen John Banaszkiewicz and
Mike Garlick in 2013, after support from private investors.[42][50] Following promotion back to the Premier
League in 2014,[51] the players' tunnel was relocated to the corner between the James Hargreaves and the
Cricket Field Stands.[52] In 2016, a new club shop was built between the Jimmy McIlroy and Bob Lord
Stands as part of an extension to the stadium.[53] In 2019, the wooden seats in the Cricket Field's away
section were replaced with plastic seating.[54] The club also built two corner stands for disabled home
supporters between the Jimmy McIlroy and both the James Hargreaves and Bob Lord Stands to meet the
Accessible Stadium Guide regulations.[55][56]

Structure and facilities

Panorama of Turf Moor (2011), looking north from the Bob Lord Stand, with the Cricket Field Stand to the left, the
James Hargreaves Stand opposite and the Jimmy McIlroy Stand to the right

Turf Moor's pitch measures 105 by 68 metres (114.8 yd × 74.4 yd) and is surrounded by four stands: the
Bob Lord Stand, the Cricket Field Stand, the James Hargreaves Stand and the Jimmy McIlroy Stand. The
two newest stands, the James Hargreaves and the Jimmy McIlroy, each have two tiers, while the Bob Lord
and the Cricket Field are single-tiered.[9][57] In 2010, Burnley installed a hybrid grass (Desso GrassMaster)
pitch at a cost of £750,000 (the equivalent of £970,000 as of 2021[a]), which was funded by the revenue
from their stay in the Premier League. It replaced the natural grass surface which often cut up during the
winter months.[58][59] The stadium has a capacity of 21,944,[57] which is approximately one seat for every
three inhabitants of the town—one of the highest ratios in English football.[60][61]
The James Hargreaves Stand was constructed in 1996.[9] It can
accommodate around 8,000 spectators and runs parallel to the
length of the pitch.[62][63] The television gantry and the press box
are both situated at the back of the James Hargreaves.[64] The
stand's suite has been licensed since 2005 to hold civil wedding
services and it can also be used for banqueting events.[65][66] The
Jimmy McIlroy Stand was erected in 1996 and is situated at the
eastern side of the pitch with an approximate capacity of A memorial garden and a dugout
6,000.[62][63] The James Hargreaves and Jimmy McIlroy Stands replica are located behind the Jimmy
together house the stadium's corporate hospitality boxes. The McIlroy Stand.
Jimmy McIlroy's upper tier is the designated family area.[63][67] A
memorial garden is located behind the stand and includes a dugout
replica with an image of former manager Brian Miller with his
hands aloft, which was taken before Burnley's match against
Orient in 1987;[68][69] Burnley defeated their opponents in the
final game of the season and avoided relegation from the Football
League.[70] For the 2021–22 season, the Jimmy McIlroy Stand
was renamed the Utilita Jimmy McIlroy Stand for sponsorship
reasons.[71]
The club shop is situated between
the Bob Lord (left) and the Jimmy
The Bob Lord Stand, constructed in 1974,[11] has a capacity of
McIlroy (right) Stands.
around 4,000 and runs parallel with Harry Potts Way, named after
Harry Potts, the manager who won the 1959–60 First Division
with Burnley.[72][73] It houses the club's trophy room as well as
the directors' box and a corporate area.[72] The Burnley club shop is located between the Bob Lord and
Jimmy McIlroy Stands.[57][74] The Cricket Field, opened in 1969, is Turf Moor's oldest stand.[9][72] It
houses home and away fans and has a capacity of around 4,000.[57][75] The stand backs onto Burnley
Cricket Club's pavilion and contains both teams' dressing rooms and the officials' lounge.[46][72] Since the
2000s, the Cricket Field Stand has been renamed the David Fishwick Stand,[76] the Ladbrokes Stand and
the Barnfield Construction Stand for sponsorship reasons.[53][77]

Burnley opened the world's first higher education institution with university degrees in the football and
sports industry in 2011. It was named the University Campus of Football Business and was set up at Turf
Moor.[78][79] Since then, other campus locations have been opened at Wembley Stadium, London, and at
the City of Manchester Stadium, Manchester.[80]

A popular drink served at Turf Moor since the First World War is "Béné & Hot"—the French liqueur
Bénédictine topped up with hot water. The East Lancashire Regiment soldiers acquired a taste for the
liqueur while stationed at the birthplace of the beverage in Fécamp, Normandy, during the war. They drank
it with hot water to keep warm in the trenches, and the surviving soldiers later returned to the East
Lancashire area with the liqueur. More than 30 bottles are sold at each game, which makes the club one of
the world's biggest sellers of Bénédictine; Turf Moor is the only British football ground to sell it.[81][82]

Other events and uses

The stadium was used for a game between the Football League XI and the Scottish Football League XI in
1914; the Scots beat their English counterparts 3–2. The Football League team included Burnley players
Teddy Hodgson, Eddie Mosscrop and Tommy Boyle; the latter scored from a penalty kick.[83] In 1922,
Turf Moor hosted its only FA Cup semi-final, and in 1927, the ground staged its only senior international
fixture when England played Wales.[16] England B and England's junior sides have also played at the
stadium on several occasions, at under-21, under-20 and schoolboy levels.[84] Turf Moor was one of the
venues for the 1983 UEFA European Under-18 Championship and hosted the group stage match between
Czechoslovakia and West Germany.[84][85] The England women's team played their first match at Turf
Moor in September 2003 against Australia, which was the stadium's first international women's game. The
ground hosted several women's charity matches in the early 1920s; the first was in March 1920, when Dick
Kerr's Ladies played Liverpool Ladies in aid of the National Association of Discharged Sailors and
Soldiers.[83]

Football clubs other than Burnley have played "home" matches at the ground.[83] From 1902 to 1904, the
club shared Turf Moor with Burnley Belvedere, members of the Lancashire Amateur League, as Burnley
had financial difficulties.[86] The FA Cup first round game between Accrington Stanley and Scunthorpe
United in 1993 was held at the stadium.[84] During the late 1980s, local club Colne Dynamoes were
rapidly progressing through the English non-league system. Colne's chairman-manager, Graham White, had
a proposal rejected by the Burnley board for a groundshare, and he even attempted to buy the club in
1989.[87] The ground has also been used for other sporting activities than football, including an exhibition
lacrosse match in 1912 and an American football game in 1987.[83]

Records
Turf Moor has been Burnley's home ground since 1883. This unbroken service makes the stadium the
second-longest continuously used ground in English professional football, behind Preston North End's
Deepdale.[88] Burnley are one of the best supported sides in English football per capita,[61] with average
attendances of 20,000 in the Premier League in a town of approximately 73,000 inhabitants.[89][90]

The highest attendance recorded at Turf Moor is 54,775 for a match against Huddersfield Town in the FA
Cup third round on 23 February 1924.[11][21] In an FA Cup fifth round replay game against Bradford City
in 1960, there was an official attendance of 52,850. Some of the gates were broken down, and many
uncounted fans went into the ground.[91] The highest attendance at a league match is 52,869 against
Blackpool in the First Division on 11 October 1947.[92] The lowest attendance recorded is 400 for the
Second Division fixtures against Barnsley and Gainsborough Trinity on 30 March 1901 and 8 March 1902,
respectively.[93] The highest seasonal average attendance for Burnley was 33,621 in the First Division in
1947–48,[92] while the lowest average home attendance was 1,500 in 1902–03 in the Second Division.[94]

Transport
Turf Moor is approximately 0.5 miles (0.8 km) east of Burnley's town centre.[53] The ground sits adjacent
to the A671 and A6114 roads, and near to the M65 motorway.[25][53] As most of the stadium's surrounding
streets have parking restrictions on matchday, away supporters are advised to park at the cricket club or to
use the car parks in the area.[62][95] The closest railway station to the ground is Burnley Manchester Road,
which is a 15-minute walk from Turf Moor. The other train station is Burnley Central, which is a 20-minute
walk away and is mainly served by local trains.[96] The Burnley bus station is relatively close to the
ground; a bus ride to Turf Moor takes about five minutes.[62]

Notes
a. UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The
Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)" (https://measur
ingworth.com/ukearncpi/). MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 2 February 2020.

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External links
Media related to Turf Moor at Wikimedia Commons

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