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Context

A Context Manager allows code to be automatically executed upon entering and exiting a context. It can be used to manage resources like opening and closing files. The 'with' statement in Python enables the use of a context manager to handle opening and closing a resource automatically. Context managers can also be implemented as classes with __enter__ and __exit__ methods to manage other resources like database connections.

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239 views

Context

A Context Manager allows code to be automatically executed upon entering and exiting a context. It can be used to manage resources like opening and closing files. The 'with' statement in Python enables the use of a context manager to handle opening and closing a resource automatically. Context managers can also be implemented as classes with __enter__ and __exit__ methods to manage other resources like database connections.

Uploaded by

roy.scar2196
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Context Manager allows a programmer to perform required activities,

automatically, while entering or exiting a Context.

For example, opening a file, doing few file operations, and closing the file is
manged using Context Manager as shown below.

with open('sample.txt', 'w') as fp:

content = fp.read()

The keyword with is used in Python to enable a context manager. It automatically


takes care of closing the file.

Context Manager...
Consider the following example, which tries to establish a connection to a
database, perform few db operations and finally close the connection.
Example 1

import sqlite3
try:
dbConnection = sqlite3.connect('TEST.db')
cursor = dbConnection.cursor()
'''
Few db operations
...
'''
except Exception:
print('No Connection.')
finally:
dbConnection.close()

Context Manager...
Example 2

import sqlite3
class DbConnect(object):
def __init__(self, dbname):
self.dbname = dbname
def __enter__(self):
self.dbConnection = sqlite3.connect(self.dbname)
return self.dbConnection
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
self.dbConnection.close()
with DbConnect('TEST.db') as db: #<--
cursor = db.cursor()
'''
Few db operations
...
'''

Q1:Writing text to a file using 'with'


Coding

#!/bin/python3

import sys
import os
import inspect

# Complete the function below.

def writeTo(filename, input_text):


with open (filename, 'w') as file:
file.write(input_text)

if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
filename = str(input())
except:
filename = None

try:
input_text = str(input())
except:
input_text = None

res = writeTo(filename, input_text)

if 'with' in inspect.getsource(writeTo):
print("'with' used in 'writeTo' function definition.")

if os.path.exists(filename):
print('File :',filename, 'is present on system.')
with open(filename) as fp:
content = fp.read()
if content == input_text:
print('File Contents are :', content)

Q2:Archiving a file using 'with'


Coding

from zipfile import ZipFile #<--


import sys
import os
import inspect

# Define 'writeTo' function below, such that


# it writes input_text string to filename.
def writeTo(filename, input_text):
with open (filename, 'w') as file:
file.write(input_text)
# Define the function 'archive' below, such that
# it archives 'filename' into the 'zipfile'
def archive(zfile, filename):
with ZipFile (zfile, 'w') as myzipfile: #<--
myzipfile.write(filename)

if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
filename = str(input())
except:
filename = None

try:
input_text = str(input())
except:
input_text = None

try:
zip_file = str(input())
except:
zip_file = None

res = writeTo(filename, input_text)

if 'with' in inspect.getsource(writeTo):
print("'with' used in 'writeTo' function definition.")

if os.path.exists(filename):
print('File :',filename, 'is present on system.')

res = archive(zip_file, filename)

if 'with' in inspect.getsource(archive):
print("'with' used in 'archive' function definition.")

if os.path.exists(zip_file):
print('ZipFile :',zip_file, 'is present on system.')

Q3:Give a Try - Run a System Command using Popen utility of Subprocess module
#!/bin/python3

import sys
import os
import subprocess
import inspect

# Complete the function below.

def run_process(cmd_args):
with subprocess.Popen(cmd_args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
as p:
out, err = p.communicate()
return out

if __name__ == "__main__":
f = open(os.environ['OUTPUT_PATH'], 'w')

cmd_args_cnt = 0
cmd_args_cnt = int(input())
cmd_args_i = 0
cmd_args = []
while cmd_args_i < cmd_args_cnt:
try:
cmd_args_item = str(input())
except:
cmd_args_item = None
cmd_args.append(cmd_args_item)
cmd_args_i += 1
res = run_process(cmd_args);
#f.write(res.decode("utf-8") + "\n")

if 'with' in inspect.getsource(run_process):
f.write("'with' used in 'run_process' function definition.\n")

if 'Popen' in inspect.getsource(run_process):
f.write("'Popen' used in 'run_process' function definition.\n")
f.write('Process Output : %s\n' % (res.decode("utf-8")))

f.close()

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