MAKING GUIDE
P210/3HISTORY OF EUROPE
1. Account for the rise of republicanism in France by 1793.
Explain reasons as to way France became a republic by 1793.
Storming of the Bastille prison and the consequent defeat of despotism.
Weakness of the Bourbon Monarchy.
The economic hardships that a rose in Europe.
Abolition of class divisions
Impact of the revolutionary wars.
The kings attempted flight to varreries
The outbreak of the French revolution of 1789 and success
The legislative assembly of 1791.
Rise of nationalism in France
Civil constitution of the clergy.
The pagan of terror
Role played by Robspierra.
Theper committees.
Calling of the estates general meeting
Declaration of France as a republic in 1792
The security committee e.g. committee of public safety
25mks
Mark as a whole
2. How did the continental system contribute to the downfall of NapoleonBonaparte by
1815.
Explain the impact of the downfall of NapoleonBonaparte by 1815.
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Explain the impact of the continent system showing how it led the downfall of Napoleon
Bonaparte I.
Led to economic hardships e.g. Inflation.
Led to decline in international Trade and shortage of cheap goods.
Trader and middle class opposed the confiscation of their goods due to the continental
system.
Led to decline in the French economics
Led to peninsular war that weakened Napoleon military
Made Napoleon imprison the pope.
Led to Moscow campaign and its- negative effects.
Led to unpopular conscription policy.
Led to over taxation to finance his wars.
Unpopular repressive policies e.g. dictatorship
Led to rise of European Nationalism
Formation of coalitions
Caused fatigue and exhaustion
Contributed to his over whelming ambition.
Censorship of the press
Increased opposition or enmity internally/ externally 25mrks.
Mark as whole
3) Account for the success of the Greek war of independence of 1821.
Explain reasons for the success of Greek War of independence by 1821.
Unity and strong Nationalism army the Greek
Collapse of the congress system
Support of the great Greek powers e.g. Russia
Able leadership e.g. alexander hypstanti
Role of European diplomacy London treaty 1839
Support from the masses (Greeks)
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Military superiority and skills of the Greeks.
Economics strength Greece
Killing of Greek Christians by Muslims attracted foreign support
External support e.g. from Madrid/ Spain
Stability in the ottoman empire
Inspiration from the success of the 1789 French revolution
Size of the Turkish empire
4) How was the 3rd French Republic able to retain power in France between 1871-1875?
Explain the factors that led to the survival of the 3rd French Republic to 1871.
It was formed in 1871 after the elections that took place in favour of Leon Gambetta
as the new leader.
He came to power after the collapse of the 2rd French republic led by Louis Napoli
III.
It was supported by the masses.
It quickly recovered from the previous problems especially during the reign of Adolf
Thiers as chief minister
The government was interested in peace to solve the countries problem.
The role of Prime Minister Juarez i.e. He worked for reconciliation between the
government and other opponents.
There was freedom of the press, worshiped and assembly.
A successful foreign policy e.g. the occupation of Morocco which pleased the glory
seekers
Internal opposition against the government was divided
Internal security and unity of the government
Hash repression of revolts that were against the 3rd French Republic
Support from the middle class e.g. conquest of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
Support from the Britain i.e. Britain was against the opponent of the government.
Patriotic efforts of LeonGanbettaie he was a young lawyer, brilliant speaker, who
reorganized the social and economic set up of France.
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5. “The unification of German was primarily through military means” Discuss.
Show how the struggle for Germany unification was militaristic. 2 sided Qn
Explain other factors
A clear stand point is required.
Militaristic
Suppression of liberalism and the liberals
Increase on the military budget
Provision of military reforms e.g. appointment of Von roon and Von moltek as battle
field commander.
The provision Danish war of 1863-65 of liberation of schelsing
Austro – Prussia war 1866, liberation of Holstein
Franco –Prussian war 1870-71 agrisition of Alsace and Larraine.
Military alliance with other powers in Europe e.g. Italy and Austria
Prussian militarism changed the balance of power of favor of Germany unification
Other factors
Common traditions and belief of the Germans
Influence of the French Revolution
Napoleon’s reforms e.g. formation of the confederation of the Rhine.
The Vienna settlement of 1815
Collapse of the congress system
Education reforms in Prussian
Lesson from the revolution of 1830 and 1848
Economics reform (sovereign)
25mks
Marks as whole.
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6) Account for the failure of European to solve the Eastern Question between 1878 and
1914.
Explain reasons why instability continued in the Ballcans
The outbreak of uprisings in the Ballcans
Negative outcomes of the Berlin congress.
Expansion of Russian imperialism
Lack of an international army
Rise of nationalism among the Ballcans states
Fall of sultan Abdul Hamid II and the rise of Sultan Ahmed.
Size of the Turkish Empire.
Formation of the young Turkish movement.
Economic crisis in the European countries
Resignation of Bismarck
Termination disputes among the Balkan states
Italian interest i.e. over Libya
Formation of the alliance system
Collapse of international diplomacy e.g. congress system/ Berlin congress.
25 marks
Marks as a whole
7. Why was France easily defeated during World War II
Preamble: explain reasons why France was easily defeated during World War II.
Weakness of the French government between btn 1939-41.
The replacement of the French. Gen. Germaine by Gen. Weygard.
Germany occupation of the English Channel i.e. France couldn’t access other areas.
Strength of the Gr forces commanded by Hitler.
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Numerical advantages of the Germans
Rapid retreat of the British and French in the North to Durkirk in France abandoning
most of their heavy equipment’s as they were moving.
The aerial bombardment of the French forces by the Germans left a ¼ million British
and over 100,000 French troops destroyed and they moved on small boats from
Duricur to England.
Establishment of the vindly regime led by Petain who was weak hence failed to win
battle against Germany.
Signing of an armistice on July 14thi.e France surrendered –signed in the railway
carriage where German had accepted defeated in 1918.
German acquisition of French territories i.e. Alsace and Lorrance
Germany were ruthless
Capture of the French ships in the British controlled zones
Splitting of French forces left Paris defenses.
Permanent of the
25 mrks
Marks as a whole
8 To what extent was Joseph Stalin’s policy responsible for the outbreak of the cold war
by 1945?
Explain how Joseph Stallin led to the outbreak of the cold war Visuis other factors.
A clear stand point is required
He succeeded Leniin as president of USSR in 1924 and ruled upto 1954 when he
died.
Sovietisation policy of Eastern Europe that intensified tension with western powers
Supports for Russian imperialism in order to dominate the world and control world
economic resources.
Stallins intervention in the Korean civil war of 1953-54 where he supported Mao-
Tsetung’s communist victory against chiangKaishek
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Intervention in the Koreacrisis of 1950- 53 created antagonism with capitalist states.
Disagreement with USA at Yalta and Potsdam conference over the post war future of
Germany and Poland.
Gave out foreign scholarships that led to suspicion and hatred from capitalist states.
Established Molotov plan.
Formed the communist information burea.
Stallins occupation and exploitation of Iran 4 25 yrs
Accelerated the arms race by developing atomic bombs.
Support of communist parties around the world
Others factors
Spread of capitalism
Yalta and Potsdam conferences
Division of German into East and West Germany
Berlin blockade/ berlin Airlift etc.
25 Marks
Mark as a whole
9) the weakness of Weimar republic were primary responsible for the rise of Adolf
Hitler” Discuss
Show how its failures led to Hitler’s rise to power.
Explain other factors
A clear stand point is required.
It was un popular from the start
It accepted the terms of V.P.S
Lacked support from the masses
Weak parliamentary system
It failed to keep law and order
Failed to solve economic problems
Death of Hindenburg
Failed to find solution to the economic depression
Had weak leader i.e. Ebert and Hindenburg
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Other factors
Economic depression
Weakness of the V.P.S
Hitler’s personality
Political differences
Growth of communism
Hitler’s writings
Role of veterans
Hegel’s philosophy
Victory of the Nazi party etc.
25mks
Marks as a whole
10) How did European Nations recover from the 1929-1933 Great economic
depression?
Show how European Nations overcame the economic crisis.
Social economic reforms were undertaken
Creation of economic integration/ unions e.g. EEC
Countries intensified protectionism
Economic conferences were organized
Currency devaluation
The Gold standard system was dropped
Some powerful states adopted an aggressive foreign policy.
Others used force.
V.P.S was violated
Built Agro- based industries
Restrictions on lending by financial institutions e.g. banks
Government took direct Control of Banks. Etc.
25 Etc
Mark as a whole.
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