NAGA CITY SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

Balatas, Naga City

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Grade 11 – GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Weekly Home Learning Plan
September 29 – October 5, 2021 (Quarter 1 – Week 3)

Day and Learning Area Learning Learning Tasks Mode of

Time Competencies Delivery
8:00-9:00/
10:00-11:00 Rational Function Do the following tasks:

Claim LAS for Q1W1

11 - STEM ▪ Find the
Wednesday
Hederaceum domain and Read and understand LAS, answer
“Let’s get started” activity p.2 Accomplish the
Birkin range of a answer sheet
Selloum rational provided for this
Domesticum Read, understand, and study the
Friday function Clip Notes on pp. 2-4 and answer: module.
Grazielae
Try this:1. p. 4
▪ Determine Submission of
11 - ABM answer sheet is
intercepts,
Micans Read, understand, and study the on Wednesday
Erubescens zeroes, and 8am – 11am.
Monday asymptotes Clip Notes on pp. 4-6 and answer:
of rational Try this:2. p. 6
function
Answer LAS #3 Activity Task 1 - 3.
Tuesday p. 7
(for submission)
Notes:
✓ ALL answers should be handwritten.
✓ Solutions should be neatly and clearly written on the specified space for each activity.
✓ ONLY the given activity/answer sheet should be submitted. No additional sheets such as cover page and scratch
paper should be attached for submission.

Prepared by:

ARMELYN S. OBANO TERESITA S. ARLANTE, PhD.

Subject Teacher – STEM Subject Teacher – ABM
[email protected] [email protected]
facebook.com/obanoas.ncshs 0908 8833 693

Noted by:

ERWIN V. DE LOS REYES

Principal I

Page 1 of 7
 Naga City Science High School GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Balatas, Naga City Quarter 1 – Week 3
S/y 2021 – 2022, First Semester

RATIONAL FUNCTION
Learning Competencies:

✓ Determine the domain and range of a rational function

✓ Determine the zeroes, intercepts, and asymptotes of a rational function
✓ Illustrate the graph of a rational function

Complete the crossword by identifying the term described by

each given clue/phrase.

𝑝(𝑥)
▪ RATIONAL FUNCTION – a function of the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑞(𝑥) where p(x) and q(x) are polynomials and q(x) ≠ 0.
▪ DOMAIN – set of all real numbers except for those that makes the denominator equal to zero.
▪ RANGE – set of all values that the variable f(x) will take.

How to determine the range of a rational function?

How to determine the domain of a rational function?
i. Solve for x in terms of y
i. Find the value that makes the denominator equal ii. Find the value of y that makes the denominator not
to zero equal to zero
ii. Write the domain in interval notation or rule form iii. Write the range in interval notation or rule form

Example 1: Find the domain of the given rational function

Function Solution Domain

denominator: 𝑥 − 7 Rule form:
x–7=0 {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 7}
𝑥+3 x=7
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = The denominator is equal to zero when x = 7, it
𝑥−7 Interval notation:
makes the function undefined. Therefore, 7 is (−∞, 7) ∪ (7, ∞)
excluded from the set of values of the domain.

Page 2 of 7
 denominator: 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6
Rule form:
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) *factor the denominator
{𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 3, −2}
(x – 3) (x + 2)
𝑥 x–3=0 x+2=0
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2−𝑥−6
x= 3 x=-2 Interval notation:
The denominator is equal to zero when x is either 3 (−∞, −2) ∪ (−2,3) ∪ (3, ∞)
or -2. Therefore, the domain does not include the
values 3 and -2.

denominator: 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 3 Rule form:

𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 3 = 0 {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ}
𝑥−5 𝑥≠ℝ
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2+𝑥+3 Interval notation:
No real number will make the denominator equal to
zero. Therefore, x can assume any value from the set (−∞, ∞)
of real numbers.

Example 2: Find the range of the given rational function

Function Solution Domain

Solve x in terms of y:
3 3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−5 𝑦 = 𝑥−5
Rule form:
𝑦(𝑥 − 5) = 3
𝑥𝑦 − 5𝑦 = 3
denominator: y {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≠ 0}
3 𝑥𝑦 = 3 + 5𝑦 y=0
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−5 Interval notation:
3 + 5𝑦
𝑥=
𝑦 (−∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞)

Solving x in terms of y the resulting function has a

denominator of y. Therefore, y can assume any value
from the set of real numbers except 0.

Solve x in terms of y:
𝑥+1 𝑥+1
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−4 𝑦 = 𝑥−4

𝑦(𝑥 − 4) = 𝑥 + 1 Rule form:

𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 denominator: y – 1 {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≠ 1}
𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 = 4𝑦 + 1 y–1=0
𝑥+1 𝑥(𝑦 − 1) = 4𝑦 + 1 Interval notation:
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−4 y=1
4𝑦 + 1 (−∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞)
𝑥=
𝑦−1

Solving x in terms of y the

resulting function has a denominator that is equal to
zero when y = 1. Therefore, the range of the function
does not include 1.

Solve x in terms of y:
𝑥−3 𝑥−3 𝑥−3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 −9 𝑦 = 𝑥2 −9 𝑦 = (𝑥−3)(𝑥+3)
Rule form:
𝑦=
1 {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≠ 0}
𝑥−3 (𝑥+3) denominator: y
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2−9
y=0 Interval notation:
𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 = 1
𝑥𝑦 = 1 − 3𝑦 (−∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞)
1 − 3𝑦
𝑥=
𝑦

Page 3 of 7
 For functions where x cannot be solved in terms of y, the theorem on horizontal asymptotes can be applied.
where:
condition 1. n > m, no exemption
n = degree of the numerator
condition 2. n < m, y = 0
𝑎 m = degree of the denominator
condition 3. n = m, y = 𝑏 a = leading coefficient of the numerator
b = leading coefficient of the denominator

Example 2.1: Find the range of the given function

4𝑥 2+1 𝑥 3−1 3𝑥−6
𝑓(𝑥) = n=2;m=2 𝑓(𝑥) = n=3;m=2 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2+𝑥−6 n=1;m=2
3𝑥 2 𝑥2
𝑎
n = m, therefore y = 𝑏 n > m, therefore y ≠ ℝ n < m, therefore y = 0
4
y=3 Range: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} Range: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≠ 0}
4
Range: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 ≠ }
3

1. Determine the domain and range of each rational function.

2𝑥+10 2𝑥+1 2𝑥+3

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥−12 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥+5 3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥+5

▪ INTERCEPT – the point where the graph intersects the axes.

✓ x – intercept – a point where the graph intersects the x – axis. A value when y = 0.
✓ y – intercept – a point where the graph intersects the y – axis. A value when x = 0.
▪ ZEROES – are values of x which make the function zero. The real-numbered zeroes are also x intercepts of the graph
of rational functions.
▪ ASYMPTOTE - a line that a curve approaches, as it heads towards infinity.
✓ Vertical asymptote – the line x = a is a vertical asymptote of the function y = f(x) if y approaches ± as x
approaches a from the right to left.

Theorem on VA:
𝑃(𝑥)
If the real number a is a zero of the denominator Q(x), then the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑄(𝑥), where P(x) and Q(x)
have no common factors, has the vertical asymptote x = a.

✓ Horizontal asymptote – the line y = b is a horizontal asymptote of the function y = f(x) if y approaches b as x
approaches ±.

Theorem on HA:
𝑃(𝑥)
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑄(𝑥), be a rational function with numerator of degree n and denominator m,
1. If n < m, then x – axis is the horizontal asymptote of the graph, y = 0.
𝑎
2. If n = m, then the line 𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑛 is the highest horizontal asymptote of the graph y.
𝑚
3. If n > m, the graph of f has no horizontal asymptote.

Page 4 of 7
 How to determine the zeroes, intercepts, and asymptotes of a rational function?
Example 1. Find the x-intercept, y-intercept, zeroes, vertical asymptote, and horizontal asymptote of the rational function
2𝑥−1
𝑓(𝑥) = .
𝑥−4

Solution:
x – intercept: numerator: 2𝑥 − 1
find the value of x that will make the 2𝑥 − 1 = 0 1
numerator (but not the denominator) 2𝑥 = 1 x – int: ( , 0)
2
equal to zero. 1
𝑥=
2
y – intercept: 2𝑥 − 1
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥−4
evaluate f(x) at x = 0 2(0) − 1 1
𝑓(0) =
(0) − 4 y – in: (0, )
4
1
𝑓(0) =
4
zeroes:
find the value of x which makes the 1
function zero. Thus, the real number zero:
2
zero is also the x-intercept of the
rational function.
Vertical asymptote: denominator: 𝑥 − 4
find the value of x that will make the 𝑥−4=0 VA: x = 4
denominator 0 𝑥=4
Horizontal asymptote: n=1;m=1
𝑎
n = m : 𝑦 = 𝑏𝑛
identify the degree of the numerator 𝑚
HA: y = 2
n and the degree of the denominator
m 2
𝑦 = 𝑜𝑟 2
1

Plotting the values obtained from the

solution, the graph of the rational
2𝑥−1
function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−4 is illustrated by the
image.

𝑥 2−4𝑥−5
Example 2: Find the x –, y – intercept, horizontal, and vertical asymptote of the rational function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−3
, then
sketch the graph.

Solution:
Page 5 of 7
x – intercept: numerator: 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5
find the value of x that will make the (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 5)
numerator (but not the denominator) x – int: (−1,0), (5,0)
𝑥+1=0 𝑥−5=0
equal to zero. 𝑥 = −1 𝑥=5
y – intercept: 𝑥2 − 4𝑥 − 5
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥−3
evaluate f(x) at x = 0
02 − 4(0) − 5 y – in: (0, )
5
𝑓(0) = 3
0−3
5
𝑓(0) =
3
Vertical asymptote: denominator: 𝑥 − 3
find the value of x that will make the 𝑥−3=0 VA: x = 3
denominator 0 𝑥=3
Horizontal asymptote: n=2;m=1
n > m : no horizontal asymptote
identify the degree of the numerator HA: none
n and the degree of the denominator
m

Plotting the values obtained from the

solution, the graph of the rational function
𝑥2−4𝑥−5
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−3 is illustrated by the image.

2. Supply the needed information/data.

2
1. Does the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 +3𝑥+2 have a horizontal 3. How many x – intercepts does the function
𝑥+3
2𝑥2+3𝑥+1
asymptote? 𝑓(𝑥) = have?
3𝑥+4
3 2
2. What is the vertical asymptote of the function 4. What are the zeroes of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥+2𝑥 +𝑥
2 −𝑥−2 ?
2
7𝑥 −4𝑥−5 3𝑥−6
𝑓(𝑥) = ? 5. Does x = 2 make the function 𝑓(𝑥) = undefined?
𝑥2−2𝑥+1
𝑥+2

References:
• DepEd Region V. (2020) – General Mathematics ADM
• Banigon, R.B. (2016). General Mathematics for SHS

Page 6 of 7
Naga City Science High School GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1 – Week 3 LAS # 3 Activity/Answer Sheet

Name: Section: Date Submitted:

TASK I. Complete the table by filling out the necessary data.

Domain Range x – int. y – int. HA VA

(in rule form) (in rule form)

𝑥3 − 1
1. 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥2

4𝑥 − 3
2. 𝑓(𝑥) =
2𝑥 − 5

2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 6
3. 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥2 − 4

3𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 3
4. 𝑓(𝑥) =
2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 4

TASK II. Sketch the graph of each rational function and identify its intercepts and asymptotes.
2
2𝑥 3
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2+2𝑥−3 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥+1

TASK III. Application. Show your solution.

1. I am a rational function having a vertical asymptote at the lines x = 3 and x = –3, and a horizontal asymptote at
5
y = 1. If my x - intercept is 5 and 1, and my y - intercept is - , what function am I? (5 points)
9

Page 7 of 7