Nokia Academy

Radio network planning process

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 Module Objectives

At the end of the module you will be able to:

• Explain the radio network planning process
• Explain the main steps in dimensioning process

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 Radio Network Planning Process

- Radio Network Planning process

- Radio Network Dimensioning process
- Appendix

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 Radio network planning phases

PRE- DETAILED POST-

PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING

Dimensioning Configuration Coverage & Capacity Parameter Post-launch

Planning Planning Planning optimisation
Requirements &
strategy for Node-B Propagation measurements Area/cell Measurement
coverage, Configuration Coverage prediction specific surveys
capacity &
quality Load estimation Handover Statistical
Antenna line Traffic distribution strategies performance
configuration Planned Service & QoS analysis
PER SERVICE definition other RRM
 Quality
Power budget  Efficiency
 Network
Site selection & planning  Availability
configuration PER SERVICE Pre-launch
optimisation
Site
acquisition Measurements

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 Radio network planning tasks
Site selection & planning
- Practical site selection based on target site locations & available sites
- Site implementation plan
- Actual site locations & implementation plans

Configuration Planning
- Configuration planning is related to possible configurations as well as feature implementation
- Future configuration takes into account the possibility to expand

Coverage & Capacity Planning

- is very much tied to Site selection & Configuration planning
- Coverage requirements needs to be met
- Capacity requirements estimated + future expansions

Parameter planning
- Initial parameter configuration
- Scrambling code plan, neighbour plan
- Detailed parameter planning
- Optimised/verified parameter plan

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 Planning tasks & network
- Pre-planning activities are high especially when operator is Greenfield or deploying a new technology

- Main focus in existing networks are in coverage & capacity as well as configuration planning

- Optimisation is always recommended to be done and kept as a very important task of network operation

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 Overall planning and optimisation process

• The overall Planning Process can be described with the following figure:

Performance
PerformanceMonitoring
Monitoring
System Radio Network Pre-launch Post-launch Capacity
Dimensioning Planning Optimisation Optimisation Evolution
• Site selection • 3G neighbor list • 3G neighbor list • RF carriers
• Node B count & • Site design • 2G neighbor list • 2G neighbor list • Sectorisation
configuration • 3G neighbor list • 4G neighbor list • 4G neighbor list • ROC to CEC
System modules
• Adapter count & • 2G neighbor list • Antenna tilts
• Antenna tilts • Node B power
• 4G neighbor list • Local area parameter
configuration • Local area parameter • Baseband proc.
• Scrambling codes tuning
• Transmission capacity tuning • Transmission
• Location areas • Additional sites
& configuration •
• HSPA/HSPA+
Routing areas • User experience
• URA areas • New Features
optimisation
• Microcells

Link budget analysis Wide area parameter tuning

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 Radio Network Planning Process

- Radio Network Planning process

- Radio Network Dimensioning process
• Dimensioning process
• Traffic dimensioning (DCH + HSDPA, DCH + HSPA)
- Appendix
• Dimensioning in case of Rel99 traffic only

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 Radio Network Dimensioning process – Basics

Dimensioning process can be split in high level steps:

• Input data: has big influence on whole result
• Cell Plan: needs to follow customer input & system performance
• UTRAN Network Plan: needs to follow customer requirements and also detailed mapping to planned network conditions
• UTRAN Final Network: is the result from the iterative analysis of inputs, performance values and also area &
requirement mapping

Fixed Network
Plan - UTRAN

Final Network
Input Data

Cell Plan

UTRAN
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 Input Data
Input data includes for example:
• Traffic model & capacity requirements
• Coverage Requirements
• Quality Requirements
- similarly customer might have special requirements (e.g. road, train coverage)
- when number of sites is fixed, the traffic model, capacity/coverage and quality requirements are not used as input
- More as an output of estimation (i.e. what can be achieved with X number of sites)

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 Traffic Model – Nokia Standard
NOKIA Standard Traffic Model (Basic Assumptions) can be used:
- purpose of having a default traffic model is to have information about the traffic demand available if
there is no detailed traffic model provided for network dimensioning
- NOKIA Standard Traffic Model reflects average situation in real networks and is defined:
- assuming a ‘standard’ subscriber
- using all accounted services in parallel – the service split is applied on a traffic demand basis (no
split on a subscriber basis)
UMTS Traffic Evolution:
the current NOKIA view on the evolution of traffic demand for a set of identified key services in UMTS.
These key services considered in the traffic model are:
 Speech service
 Data services like web browsing, email or file download
 Video telephony
UMTS Traffic Evolution is based on the traffic snapshots from commercial networks and internal assumptions for Subscriber
traffic growth

See ``Dimensioning WCDMA RAN: Traffic Modeling (DN0979695)`` from RU50 Customer Documentation

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 Cell Plan

Cell Planning includes

• offered traffic & its distribution
• link budget  coverage
• maximum air interface capacity
• Node B Hardware configuration

Cell coverage is dependent on:

• Frequencies
• System performance
• Antennas
• Environment characteristics

Cell capacity is dependent on:

• Traffic model
HW configuration is dependent on:
• Frequencies
• Cell coverage, sectorisation, # of carriers
• selected features
• Selected features & capacity requirements

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 Cell Plan & Example inputs for coverage, capacity & HW
• Basic information needed for dimensioning
- frequency (e.g. 2100, 1900, 850) Antenna gain
- Clutter type (e.g. dense urban, urban, suburban, rural). MHA usage
- Subscribers, subscribers/area # of sectors
- Total area to be covered [ km2] # of sectors
• UE information
- UE type: transmit power (dBm) & possible antenna gain (dB)
- Body loss Feeder losses

• Node B information
- Node B type (e.g. noise figure) Pilot transmit power
- Antenna & antenna gains Noise Figure
- cable loss UL/DL (MHA usage) Transmit power
- # of carriers, # of sectors
Antenna gain
- Node B output power (40W/20W) CPICH EIRP Frequency
Body Loss
• HSPA information Noise Figure
- HSDPA associated DCH Path loss & margins Output power
- Scheduling algorithm (e.g. RR or PF) cell range calculation # of carriers
- Number of codes, 5/10/15
- Number of HSDOA/HSUPA users & L1 throughput
• Link budget gains & margins per clutter
- Antenna height BS / UE
- Location probability, Indoor location probability
- Building penetration loss
- Coverage limiting Standard deviation
• Area & capacity factors
- service, UL DPCH (16/64/128/384), HSDPA (cell edge throughput) or HSUPA (cell edge throughput) & Planned load

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 UTRAN Network Plan  Final network

- Based on cell plan

- Incl. traffic modeling
- Noticing also environment characteristics & special requirements
- Main inputs:
• Area size
• Number of sites & configurations
• Detailed access interface configuration & connections

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 Coverage & capacity dimensioning
- Dimensioning process main parts:
• Coverage dimensioning  Link Budget
• Capacity dimensioning  Air Interface and Baseband capacity
- Link budget & Capacity dimensioning are connected to each other via the air interface load
- Iterations may be needed to get both right

Capacity for:
• DCH services
Coverage based on:
• HSDPA
• DCH services • HSUPA
• HSDPA Coverage Capacity • Voice over HSPA
• HSUPA dimensioning dimensioning • Service (e.g.DCH)
• Voice over HSPA impact on other services
(e.g.HSPA)
• Spreading Code capacity

Link budget Capacity

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 Radio Network Planning Process

- Radio Network Planning process

- Radio Network Dimensioning process
• Dimensioning process
• Traffic dimensioning (DCH, DCH + HSDPA, DCH + HSPA)
- Appendix
• Dimensioning in case of Rel99 traffic only

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 Dimensioning in case of Rel99 & HSDPA traffic
- Link Budget calculation for:
• DCH Channels
• HSDPA cell edge throughput Many issues impacts
on inside cell throughput
- DCH Link Budget calculation:
• for bearers for which coverage is requested
• using default or project specific parameters
- HSDPA Link Budget calculation
• for max. cell edge throughput
- Cell edge condition is always worst case
- Throughput is still limited by many issues
• UE capability
• Features
• Interference At cell edge ~350 kbps, macro cell
• Available power & code tree Mean cell throughput
(1 transimttion upto 15 codes)
cell edge
3,5
- Identification of the limiting bearer in UL & DL (incl. HSDPA link)
• The one with the smallest cell range 3,0

Same distance can

- Optional: Calculation of CPICH Link Budget in relation with the 2,5
mean totally
limiting bearer

data rate [Mb/s]

2,0 different conditions
- Capacity & equipment calculation
1,5
• among R99 limitation (e.g. total number of sites available)
• HSDPA capacity  SINR 1,0

• HSDPA with lower priority than R99 CS services 0,5

• HSDPA features impact on capacity + needed HW
0,0
0,45 0,6 0,75 0,9 1,05 1,2 1,35
antenna distance [km]

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 Dimensioning in case of Rel99 & HSPA traffic
- DCH Link Budget calculation
• Identification: limiting UL bearer (incl. HSUPA link) & DL (incl. HSDPA link)
• For bearers for which coverage is requested
• The one with the smallest cell range
• Using default or project specific parameters
• HSUPA: new challenges on dimensioning
- HSDPA Link Budget calculation
• HSUPA is sharing capacity between other UL services
• for max. cell edge throughput ( Rel’99 & HSDPA traffic)
• HSUPA equipment dimensioning differs from R99 & HSDPA
• Using default or project specific parameters
• When network HSPA services are increasing commonly additional carrier is
- HSUPA Link Budget calculation
needed (higher HSPA demand)
• For cell edge throughput
• Using default or project specific parameters

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 Radio Network Planning process - Summary

• Planning process can be divided to 3 main phases:

• Pre-planning
• Detailed planning
• Successful dimensioning depends on sufficient & accurate input data
• Even best dimensioning results provides only an estimate

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 Radio Network Planning Process

- Radio Network Planning process

- Radio Network Dimensioning process
• Dimensioning process
• Traffic dimensioning (DCH + HSDPA, DCH + HSPA)
- Appendix
• Dimensioning in case of Rel99 traffic only

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 Dimensioning in case of Rel99 traffic only
- DCH Link Budget calculation
• For bearers for which coverage is requested
• Using default or project specific parameters
- Identification of the limiting bearer in UL & DL Coverage Capacity
• The one with the smallest cell range dimensioning dimensioning
- Optional: Calculation of CPICH Link Budget in relation with the limiting bearer
- Usage of the Link Budget results to the Capacity dimensioning
• How many sites available within certain loading assumptions
- Capacity & equipment calculation

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 Thank You !

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