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Monera John Philip M Bsee4a Lecture 1 Review Questions

The document contains the questions and answers from a lecture on power system protection. It discusses the two types of protection, why system protection is required, the functions of relays and circuit breakers, and the different generations of relays. It also answers a question about why a resistor is connected across the secondary of a current transformer.

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John Philip Monera
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49 views1 page

Monera John Philip M Bsee4a Lecture 1 Review Questions

The document contains the questions and answers from a lecture on power system protection. It discusses the two types of protection, why system protection is required, the functions of relays and circuit breakers, and the different generations of relays. It also answers a question about why a resistor is connected across the secondary of a current transformer.

Uploaded by

John Philip Monera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MONERA, JOHN PHILIP M.

BSEE3A
EE112 - POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION AUGUST 19, 2021
LECTURE 1 – REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What are the two types of protection?
Ans: The two types of protection are the Apparatus Protection and System Protection,
furthermore, the Apparatus Protection is the one responsible for the detection of faults in the
apparatus, while the System Protection, deals with the detection of proximity of the system
to the unstable operating region and consequent control actions to restore stable operating
point and/or prevent damage to equipment.
2. Why is system protection required?
Ans: As system protection deals with stabilizing the operations of the system, removing this
might result in certain situations such as partial or/to complete blackouts of the system.
3. What are the functions of a relay and a circuit breaker?
Ans: Being said that a relay is a “logical element which processes the inputs (mostly
voltages and currents) from the system/apparatus and issues a trip decision if a fault within
the relay's jurisdiction is detected”, it hereby acts as a switch to protect transmission lines
under fault, and monitor the health of the apparatus. While a circuit breaker is an
overcurrent device acting as a switch the turns off/cut off whenever the current limit is about
to be breached. Relay – Tripping device for faults, & Circuit Breaker – Switching device the
cuts off current flow when current exceeds the limit.
4. Describe various generations of relays.
Ans: Electromechanical Relay, is the first generation of relays, that uses the principle
of energy conversion as a decision-maker for tripping, which is used to known for their
ruggedness and immunity to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI).
The Solid State Relay functions as a comparator, which has a greater advantage
on Electromechanical Relay, thus it features an ability to provide self-checking or
monitoring for sensing decreasing health of the system and sends an alarm for users to
be aware of. a low burden, improved dynamic performance characteristics, high seismic
withstand capacity and reduced panel space.
Numerical Relay on the other hand which has quietly surpassed these two in
terms of advantages, thus provides multiple functionalities, it also has a self-checking
mechanism like the solid-state relay with a communication facility, together with its
protection functionality, that is treated fault with an Intelligent Electronic Device.
5. In fig 1.5, why is a resistor connected across CT secondary?
Ans: The resistors connected parallel to the secondary winding of the CT serves as a
protection for a build-up of high voltage in secondary when the CT is at an open circuit
condition.

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