Chapter 2 – Part 2

Multiview Drawing
Chapter Objectives
•Explain what multiview drawings are and their importance to the field of technical
drawing.
•Explain how views are chosen and aligned in a multiview drawing.
•Visualize and interpret the multiviews of an object.
•Describe projection planes
•Describe normal, inclined and oblique surfaces
•Describe line types
•Describe line weights
•Interpret the multiviews of graphic primitives
•Describe orthographic projection including the miter line technique
Supplemental Files
•Describe the line types and line weights used in technical drawings as defined by
the ASME Y14.2M standard.
•Explain the difference between drawings created with First Angle and Third Angle
projection techniques.
•Use a miter line to project information between top and side views.
•Create multiview sketches of objects including the correct placement and depiction
of visible, hidden and center lines. Supplemental files are available for
download inside the Chapter 2 folder
of the book’s file downloads. Please
see the inside front cover for further
details.

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 2.4 MULTIVIEW DRAWINGS
Multiview drawing is a technique used by drafters and designers to depict a three-dimensional object (an object
having height, width and depth) as a group of related two-dimensional (having only width and height, or width
and depth) views. A person trained in interpreting multiview drawings, can visualize an object’s three-dimensional
shape by studying the two-dimensional multiview drawings of the object.

For example, Figure 2.15 provides a three-dimensional (3D) image of a school bus, and while a 3D view of the
bus is very helpful in visualizing its overall shape, it doesn’t show the viewer all of the sides of the bus, or the true
length, width, or height of the bus.

Figure 2.15 A Three-Dimensional Image of a School Bus.

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 A better way to fully describe the bus graphically would be to create a multiview drawing as shown in Figure
2.16. The multiview drawing of the bus is represented by six views, the front, top, sides, back and bottom.
These views represent the six “regular” views of the bus.

Figure 2.16
The multiviews of the bus depicting the six
regular views-front, top, bottom, right, left and
rear. Top View

Rear View Left View Front View

Right View

Bottom View

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 2.5 VIEW SELECTION AND ALIGNMENT OF MULTIVIEW DRAWINGS
In creating the multi-view drawing of the bus, the front, or principal, view was drawn first. The bus was then
“rotated” at 90 degree intervals relative to the front view to create the top, bottom, right and left side views. The
left side view was then rotated 90 degrees to the left to create the rear view. While a total of six views are
possible using this technique, drafters creating a multiview drawing of an object only draw the views
necessary to describe the object.

When choosing the front, or principal, view of an object, select

the view you would choose if you could only show the viewer
one view to describe the object.

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 2.6 USING PROJECTION PLANES TO VISUALIZE MULTIVIEWS
If a house were placed inside a glass box as in Figure 2.17, the glass sides of the box would create projection
planes (also referred to as viewing planes). If the 3D geometry of the front, side, and top of the house were projected
onto the corresponding 2D projection plane, the resulting 2D image would represent a front, top, or side view as
shown in Figures 2.18, 2.19, and 2.20, respectively.

In Figure 2.18 the front of the house is

shown as it would appear if projected
onto a frontal projection plane that is
placed between the viewer and the
house.
Likewise, in Figures 2.19 and 2.20,
the right and top views are shown as
they would appear if projected onto
the profile and horizontal projection
planes respectively.

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 In Figure 2.21, notice how a feature like the peak of the roof in the front view, is exactly in line with the top of the roof
in both the left and right views. Observe how the features of the chimney are depicted in each of the views.

The planes representing the roof in the right, left, and top views appear as rectangles in the multiviews, but by
studying them in relation to the front view, you will see that they actually represent the sloping planes of the roof. Since
the planes of the roof, as projected through the top and side projection planes are slanted, they are not drawn actual,
or true size. In technical drawing, this phenomenon is referred to as “foreshortening”.

Figure 2.21 The “Elevations” of a House as

they would Appear in a Multiview Drawing.

TOP VIEW

LEFT VIEW
FRONT VIEW RIGHT VIEW

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2.7 PROJECTION PLANES
Visualizing the Front View
The projection plane technique of
visualizing multiviews can also be applied In Figure 2.23, a frontal projection plane has been placed
to visualizing machine parts like the one between the viewer and the object and the front view of the
shown in Figure 2.22. The arrows indicate object has been projected onto the projection plane. The
the desired viewing position for the front, viewer’s line of sight is perpendicular to the projection plane in
top and side views. this example.

2.23 Projecting the Front View of an Object to a Frontal Projection Plane

Figure 2.22

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 Visualizing the Top View
In Figure 2.24, a horizontal projection plane has been placed between
the viewer and the object and the top view of the object has been
projected onto the projection plane. The viewer’s line of sight is
perpendicular to the projection plane in this example.

2.24 Projecting the Top View of an Object to a Horizontal Projection Plane

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 Visualizing the Side View
In Figure 2.25, a profile projection plane has been placed between the viewer
and the object and the right side view of the object has been projected onto
the projection plane. The viewer’s line of sight is perpendicular to the projection
plane in this example.

2.25 Projecting the Side View of an Object to a Profile Projection Plane

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 2.8 NORMAL, INCLINED, AND OBLIQUE SURFACES

Normal surfaces are parallel to the projection plane

– as a result, these surfaces appear true size and 2.26 Projecting Normal Surfaces to a Frontal Projection Plane
true shape on the projection plane that they are
parallel with.
The viewer’s line of sight is perpendicular to the
surface when the surface is normal. See Figure
2.26.

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 Projecting Normal Surfaces to Projection Planes
In Figure 2.27, the object has two surfaces that are parallel (normal) to the Horizontal Projection Plane. These surfaces appear
true size and shape on the horizontal projection plane.

2.27 Projecting Normal Surfaces to a Horizontal Projection Plane

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 Inclined Surfaces
Inclined surfaces are slanted, or inclined, relative to the projection plane – as a result, these surfaces appear foreshortened
on the projection plane and are not true size. See Figure 2.28.

2.28 Projecting Inclined Surfaces to a Frontal Projection Plane

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 Inclined Surfaces
In Figure 2.29, the object’s two
inclined surfaces project to the
top view as edges that are true 2.28 Projecting Inclined Surfaces to a Frontal Projection Plane
length.

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 Oblique Surfaces
Oblique surfaces are both inclined and rotated relative to the frontal, horizontal, and profile projection planes– as a result, these
surfaces never appear true size or shape in any of these views.
In Figure 2.30, the object’s two oblique surfaces project to the front view as oblique planes that are not true size.

2.30 Projecting Oblique Surfaces to a Frontal Projection Plane

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 Projecting Oblique Surfaces to Projection Planes
In Figure 2.31, the object’s two oblique surfaces project to the top view as oblique planes that are not true size.

2.31 Figure 2.30 Projecting Oblique

Surfaces to a Horizontal Projection Plane

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 Projecting Oblique Surfaces to Projection Planes
In Figure 2.32, the object’s normal, inclined, and oblique planes are projected to the profile projection plane.

2.32 Normal, Inclined, and Oblique Surfaces Projected to a Profile Projection Plane

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 Visualizing the True Size and Shape of an Oblique Surface
In order to create a true shape view of an oblique surface the surface must be projected onto a projection plane that is parallel to
the oblique surface. When the viewer’s line of sight is perpendicular to the projection plane, the surface will appear as true size
and shape. See Figure 2.33. These types of drawings are known as auxiliary views. Creation of Auxiliary Views is presented in
Chapter 9.

2.33 Oblique Surface Projected to a Parallel Projection Plane to Reveal Its True Size and Shape

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 Normal, Inclined, and Oblique Surfaces in Multiview Drawings
Can you identify the Normal, Inclined, and Oblique surfaces on the object below?

Normal Surface

Inclined Surface

Normal Surface

Normal
Surface

Normal
Surface

Oblique Surface
Inclined Surface

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 Labeling Points and Vertices to Aid in Visualizing in Multiview Drawings
Sometimes it is helpful to number the corresponding point or vertex of a feature in its regular views to assist with visualizing the
object. In Figure 2.34 a number has been assigned to each vertex and each plane has been labeled as normal, inclined or oblique.

2.34 Labeling Points and Vertices

of Features to Assist in Visualizing
Views

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 Applying the “Glass Box” Technique to Multiview Projection
Placing an object inside a glass box to assist with visualizing its multiviews is known as the “Glass Box” technique. In this technique, the viewer’s
lines of sight are assumed to be perpendicular to the transparent glass projection planes. The following steps detail the process of using the glass
box technique to visualize the multiviews of the object in Figure 2.35.

Step 1. Imagine the object shown in Figure 235 is In Figure 2.36, the six regular views of
centered inside a glass box and the sides of the box the object have been projected onto the
represent six possible projection planes for viewing projection planes created by the glass
the features of the object. The six regular views of this box. The front view is projected onto the Horizontal
object are its front, top, bottom, right side, left side, frontal projection plane, the top view is Projection
and back views. projected onto a horizontal projection Plane
plane, and the right side view is

Viewer’s Line
Figure 235 projected onto a profile projection plane.

of Sight
Figure 2.36

Frontal
Projection
Plane Profile
Projection
Plane

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 When Step 2 is completed, the sides of the
Step 2. Unfold the glass box as if glass box will be coplanar as shown in Figure
the four sides of the frontal 2.38 revealing the six regular views of the
projection plane were hinged as object.
shown in Figures 2.38.

Figure 2.38
Figure 2.37

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 Figure 2.39
The glass box unfolded to display the six
regular multiviews of the object.

Step 3. Top View

The six regular multiviews of the object (front,
top, bottom, right, left, and rear) are displayed in
their “projected” positions in Figure 2.39.

Note that the front, right, left and rear views are
aligned horizontally, and the front, top, and
bottom views are aligned vertically.
Horizontal Projection Plane

Frontal Projection Plane

Profile Projection Plane

Back View Left View Front View Right View

Bottom View

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 2.9 Line Types and Lineweights in Multiview Drawings
The features of an object are shown with differing “line types” .

Commonly used line types include visible lines which show the visible edges and features of an object, hidden lines which represent features
that would not be visible, and center lines which locate the centers of features such as holes and arcs. The terminology used for the various line
types is shown in Figure 2.40.

Figure 2.40 Line Type Terminology.

Visible Lines- Center Lines-

Extension Lines-
Represent the object’s visible Represent the centers of
Use in placement
edges and features circles, arcs and other
of dimensions
features

Leader Lines-
used to show notes.

Hidden Lines- Dimension Lines-

Represent an object’s Used to define the size
invisible features and location of an
object’s features.

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 Line Weight
Line weight refers to the relative widths of the lines in a technical drawing.

Standard line types and line weights have been established by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The ASME standard
for Line Conventions and Lettering is ASME Y14.2-2014. The line-weights for lines specified by this standard for use on technical drawings is
shown in Table 2.1.

ASME describes these line

thicknesses as the approximate
widths.

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 2.10 Hidden Features and Center Lines in Multiviews Drawings
Figure 2.42 shows the six regular views of the object shown in Figure 2.41. Study these examples and note how features that would
otherwise be invisible in a view, such as the edges of the hole and slot in the side views, are depicted with hidden lines. Also, note
the different ways that the centerlines representing the center of the hole are drawn in each view.

2.41 Object to Be Visualized

with Multiviews

2.42 The Six Regular Views of the Object in Figure 2.14 with Visible, Hidden and Centerlines

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 2.11 Use Your Imagination!
As a drafter-in-training, you should develop the ability to use your imagination to visualize the multiviews of an object. Engineering
and architecture are fields in which a powerful imagination is an important tool for success because most of the objects being
designed exist first only in the imagination of the designer(s). The challenge for the design team is to take the design from the
imagination stage and turn it into a set of drawings that can be used to make the design a reality.
The following steps document the process of creating a multiview drawing of the object shown in Figure 2.43 from the initial
visualization through the dimensioned technical drawing.

Figure 2.43
The designer’s two- Figure 2.44
dimensional sketch of the The object visualized as a
object to be visualized. three-dimensional part.

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 Figure 2.43
The designer’s two-dimensional
sketch of the object to be
visualized.
Figure 2.44
The object visualized as a
three-dimensional part.

Step 1. The Imagination Process:

The drafter studies the object in Figure 2.43 and imagines it as a 3D object as in Figure 2.44.
Next, the drafter determines the front, or principal, view of the object and imagines it positioned
as shown in Figure 2.45.

Then, the drafter rotates the object in his “mind’s eye” toward the top (Figure 2.46) until the top,
or “bird’s eye”, view of the principal view is visible as shown in Figure 2.47.

Figure 2.47
Next, the drafter imagines the front view of the object rotated toward the right (Figure 2.48)
until the right-side view is visible (Figure 2.49).

Figure 2.46
This process could be likened to creating a 3D movie of the object in one’s imagination to
facilitate the visualization of the desired views.

Note that the top and right views (Figures 2.47 and 2.49) are drawn at right angles (90
degrees), or perpendicular, to the front view (Figure 2.45).

Figure 2.48 Figure 2.49

Figure 2.45

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 Step 2.
The drafter continues the process begun in Step 1, rotating the object until the six regular views of the object have
been visualized as shown in Figure 2.50.

Figure 2.50 The Six Regular Views of the 3D Object

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 Step 3.
The drafter visualizes the visible lines of the object as shown in Figure 2.51

Figure 2.51 The Six Regular Views of the Object with Visible Lines Shown

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 Step 4.
Next, the drafter visualizes the location of the object’s hidden and center lines as shown in Figure 2.52.

Figure 2.52 The Six Regular Views of the Object with Hidden and Center Lines Shown

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 Step 5.
In the last step, the drafter determines which of the six views will be necessary to describe the object and places
dimensions on the part as shown in Figure 2.53.

Figure 2.53
The views necessary to
describe the object
including dimensions.

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 2.12 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes
Shown in Figures 2.54 through 2.67 are the multiview representations of some basic geometric shapes.

Shapes like boxes, cylinders, cones, spheres, wedges, and prisms are often referred to as Graphic Primitives because by combining,
or “unioning” these shapes, or in some cases “subtracting” the geometry of one shape from another shape, more complicated shapes
can be formed.

Graphic primitives could be the considered the building blocks used to construct more complex objects. Students who learn to correctly
visualize the multiviews of these basic shapes will find it easier to visualize the multiviews of the more complicated shapes formed
when they are combined.

Study the figures below, and on the next page, and familiarize yourself with how the multi-views for the graphic primitives, and their
combinations, are depicted including the placement of hidden and center lines.

Figure 2.55 Front, Top, and Right Views of a

Figure 2.54 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Box
Shape Formed by Unioning and Subtracting
Boxes

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes

Figure 2.57 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Shape

Formed by Subtracting a Cylinder from a Box

Figure 2.56 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Cylinder

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes

Figure 2.58 Front, Top, and Figure 2.59 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Shape
Left Views of a Cylinder with a Formed by the Intersection of Two Cylinders of Equal
Smaller cylinder Subtracted Diameter
from its Center

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes (continued)

Figure 2.60 Front, Top, and Right Views of the Shape Figure 2.61 Front, Top, and Right Views of a
resulting from the Intersection of Two Cylinders with Quarter-Round Shape
Unequal Diameters.

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes (continued)

Figure 2.62 Front, Top, and Right Figure 2.63 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Stadium
Views of a Half-Round Shape Shape resulting from the Union a Box and Two Half-
Rounds

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes (continued)

Figure 2.64 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Wedge Figure 2.65 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Prism

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 Visualizing the Multiviews of Basic Geometric Shapes (continued)

Figure 2.67 Front, Top, and Right Views of a Sphere

Figure 2.66 Front, Top, and Left Views of a Cone

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 2.13 Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is the technique employed in the creation of multiview drawings to project geometric information (points, lines,
planes or other features) from one view to another. Light construction lines are usually drawn between views to project the information
from one view to another.

Orthographic Projection utilizes a Miter Line drawn at 45 degrees which enables information to be projected from the top view to the
side view, and from the side view to the top view.

Figure 2.68 shows an example of this technique. Phantom lines have been used to show how information is projected from view to view.
Note how the 45 degree miter line allows the drafter to efficiently project information between the top and side views.

Figure 2.68 Multview Drawing of Created with Orthographic

Projection Techniques Including a Miter Line

The American Society of

Mechanical Engineers
Standard for creating
multiview drawings is
ASME Y14.3-2012.

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 Utilizing Orthographic Projection techniques to Figure 2.69
create Multi-view Sketches
Step 1.
Study the sketch of the part shown in Figure 2.69
and try to imagine it as a three dimensional object.
With the 3D image of the object in mind, visualize
the front, top, and right side views.

Step 2.
Sketch the front view of the object. Try to sketch
the part proportionally to the dimensions specified
on the sketch. Extend light construction lines out
from the features of the front view to the top and
right sides and place a 45 degree miter line as
shown in Figure 2.70.

Figure 2.70
Extending construction
lines from the features of
the front view to the side
and top.

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 Step 3.

Sketch the top and right-side views of the object as shown in Figure 2.71. Use the construction lines projected from the front view,
and construction lines projected through the miter line, to locate the features of each view. Darken the visible, hidden, and
centerlines as needed. Erase construction lines that appear too dark.

Figure 2.71 Completed Sketch of the Front, Top, and Right Side Views

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 2.14 Drawing Objects to Scale:
In technical drawings, objects are often drawn to scale. This term refers to the relationship between the size
of the object in the drawing and the actual size of the object after it is manufactured. Below are four of the
scales most commonly used in the creation of mechanical drawings:
Full Scale-this means that the size of the object in the drawing will be the same size as the object after it is
manufactured. This is usually only feasible on smaller objects like machine parts (to draw an average size
house at full scale you might need a sheet of paper that is 136 feet long by 88 feet wide). When noting on a
drawing that the object is drawn full scale, the drafter could write 1=1, 1/1, or 1:1.
Half Scale-this means that the size of the object in the drawing is half the size of the object after it is
manufactured. The drafter will still place the full size dimensions on the views of the object so that even
though the drawing is half size, the part will be manufactured full size. When noting on a drawing that the
object is drawn half scale, the drafter could write 1=2, 1/2, .5X, or 1:2.
Quarter Scale-this means that the size of the object in the drawing is one fourth the size of the object after it
is manufactured. The drafter will still place the full size dimensions on the views of the object so that even
though the drawing is one fourth size, the part will be manufactured full size. When noting on a drawing that
the object is drawn quarter scale, the drafter could write 1=4, 1/4, .25X, or 1:4.
Double Scale-this means that the size of the object in the drawing is twice the size of the object after it is
manufactured. The drafter will still place the full size dimensions on the views of the object so that even
though the drawing is twice size, the part will be manufactured full size. This scale is used for smaller objects
that would be difficult to dimension if drawn at actual size. When noting on a drawing that the object is drawn
double scale, the drafter could write 2=1, 2/1, 2:1, or 2X.

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 2.15 Drawing Architectural Plans to Scale:
Below are two of the scales most commonly used in the creation of architectural drawings:
1/4 Inch Equals 1 Foot-this means that every 1/4 of an inch on the plotted drawing will represent a
measurement of one foot on the actual construction project. For example a wall that is to be built 16 feet
in length, will measure 4 inches on the drawing. This allows a drafter to fit a house that is 100 feet long
and 50 feet wide on a sheet of paper measuring only 34 inches by 22 inches. The distance of 100 feet
will measure only 25 inches on the drawing sheet (100 X ¼”=25”) and 50 feet will measure 12.5 inches on
the sheet (50 X ¼”= 12.5”). The dimensions on the drawing will be labeled at the actual distance (in feet
and inches) required to construct the building full size. When noted on a drawing that the object is drawn
to this scale, the drafter would write 1/4”=1’-0”.
1/8 Inch Equals 1 Foot-this means that every 1/8 of an inch on the plotted drawing will represent a
measurement of one foot on the actual construction project. For example a wall that is to be built 16 feet
in length, will measure 2 inches on the drawing. This allows a drafter to fit a house that is 200 feet long
and 100 feet wide on a sheet of paper measuring only 34 inches by 22 inches. The distance of 200 feet
will measure only 25 inches on the drawing sheet (200 X 1/8”=25”) and 100 feet will measure 12.5 inches
on the sheet (100 X 1/8”= 12.5”). The dimensions on the drawing will be labeled at the actual distance (in
feet and inches) required to construct the building full size. When noted on a drawing that the object is
drawn to this scale, the drafter would write 1/8”=1’-0”.

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 Figure 2.72 Sheet Sizes for Mechanical Drawings
2.16 Drawing Sheet Sizes
Drafters create drawings on standardized sheet sizes. Sheet size varies
with the type of drawing and/or the unit of measurement used to create
the drawing.
For Mechanical drawings, where inches are used as the unit of
measurement, the standard sheet sizes begin with an A size sheet
which is 11 X 8.5 inches. A B size sheet’s dimensions are 17 X 11 which
is the equivalent of two A sheets laid side by side. A C size sheet is 22
X 17 which is the equivalent of two B sheets laid side by side. A D size
sheet is 34 X 22 which is the equivalent of two C sheets laid side by
side. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers standard for
Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format is ASME Y14.1 –
2012. Figure 2.72 illustrates the sheet sizes used in mechanical
drawings employing the decimal inch sheet format.
For Mechanical drawings where millimeters are used as the unit of
measurement, an A4 sheet measures 297 X 210, an A3 sheet Figure 2.48
measures 420 X 297, an A2 sheet measures 594 X 420, and an A1 Sheet sizes for a
sheet measures 841 X 594. The American Society of Mechanical mechanical drawing.
Engineers standard for Metric Drawing Sheet Size and Format is
ASME Y14.1M - 2012.
For Architectural drawings where inches are used as the unit of
measurement, an A sheet measures 12 X 9 inches, a B sheet is 18 X
12, a C sheet is 24 X 18, and a D sheet is 36 X 24.
A high-quality paper known as vellum, or tracing paper, is used to plot
drawings that are intended to be reproduced using the blueprinting
process (more accurately known as blueline prints). Vellum is a strong,
thin paper that allows light to pass through it relatively easily. In order to
reproduce a drawing using the blueline process, light must be able to
pass through the paper the original is drawn on.
Vellum can be purchased in rolls 24” to 36” in width, or in standard
sheet sizes. Vellum can also be purchased with pre-printed title blocks.

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 2.17 Third Angle Projection versus First Angle Projection
Third Angle Projection First Angle Projection
The method of arranging multiviews shown in Figure In many parts of the world, multi-views are
2.73, with the top view drawn above the front view and prepared using First Angle Projection (see
the right side drawn to the right of the front view, is Figure 2.74.
called Third Angle Projection. This method is widely
When a drawing is created with First Angle
used in technical drawings created in the United
Projection, the right side view is drawn to the
States.
left of the front view and the top view is
placed below the front view, and so on.
Figure 2.73 Third Angle Projection Example.
Figure 2.74
Arrangement of Views in First Angle Projection.

Top View
Right View Front View

Front View Right View

Top View

The standard arrangement for First and

Third angle projections are defined in the
ASME Y14.3-2012 standard covering
multiview drawing

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 Third Angle Projection versus First Angle Projection-Continued

Noting Third Angle Projection on a Drawing

Noting First Angle Projection on a Drawing
To avoid confusion between drawings created with third
angle and first angle projection, it is very helpful to the First Angle Projection can be noted on drawings with
person interpreting the views to know which method of the symbol shown in Figure 2.76. The letters SI (Metric
projection was used when the drawing was created. International System of Units) shown in Figure 2.76
For this reason, symbols have been developed that can be indicate that the drawing was prepared using metric
placed on the drawing to indicate which projection method units. The unit of measurement commonly used in the
was used. creation of mechanical engineering drawings is the
millimeter.
Third Angle Projection can be noted on drawings by placing
the symbol shown in Figure 2.75 in, or near, the title block. Figure 2.76 First Angle Projection Symbol-
SI Indicates Metric Units.
Figure 2.75 Third Angle Projection Symbol

The symbols used for signifying First and Third

angle projection are defined in the ASME Y14.1-
2012 standard covering sheet size and format.

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 Summary
The ability to visualize and create multiview drawings, as well as the ability to interpret multiview drawings
produced by others, is an essential job skill that every successful architect, engineer, designer, and drafter
must possess.
Some students may find that in order to develop this skill, they will need to put in a significant amount of time
practicing the visualization and sketching techniques presented in this unit.
Developing a solid understanding of the multiview drawing techniques presented in this unit is essential to
mastering the concepts and drawing assignments you will encounter later in this course.

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 Chapter 2 Exercises
Multiview Sketching Exercises
The sketching exercises on the following sheets are designed to
help you develop multiview sketching and visualization skills. FILE DOWNLOAD
AVAILABLE FOR THIS
Directions:
PROJECT
1. On the grid sheets located at the back of the text, sketch the
front, top, and side views of the objects in Exercises 2.1 If you need extra grid sheets, download and print
the Multiview Grid Sheet.pdf located in the
through 2.6. The black arrows on each sketching exercise Sketching and Lettering Plates folder of the book’s
identify the view of the object to sketch as the front view. file downloads. These downloads are available by
redeeming the access code that comes with this
book. Please see the inside front cover of the book
2. Begin each sketch by counting the number of grids that for further details.
define the features of the front view and transfer these
distances to the grid sheet. Start the front view in the
darkened corner located in the lower left corner of each
numbered grid box (see the example shown on the Exercise
2.1 grid sheet). Begin the top and right views in the darkened
corners above, or to the right, of the front view If you have trouble with a sketching
problem, you may find referring to
Figures 2.54 through 2.67 helpful.
Also, do not hesitate to ask your
instructor for assistance. This activity
may seem difficult at first, but keep
working at it, because through
practice it is possible for you to
develop this important drafting skill.

3. Take advantage of the miter line drawn in each grid box to

transfer information between the top and right views
whenever possible.
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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-1 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
 Multiview Sketching Exercise 2-1
On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and
right-side views of the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners
shown in the grid.

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-1 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-2 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

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 Multiview Sketching-Sheet Number ___
Name:____________________________________Date:_______________

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-2 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-3 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-3 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-4 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD 47

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-4 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-5 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD 49

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-5 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

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 Multiview Sketching-Exercise 2-6 On the grid sheet located at the back of the text, sketch the front, top, and right-side views of
the objects shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD 51

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 Solutions to Sheet 2-6 Multiview Sketching Problems

Press Enter to advance through the solutions.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 ADDITIONAL MULTIVIEW SKETCHING
ASSIGNMENTS AND QUIZZES
FILE DOWNLOADS
AVAILABLE FOR THIS
CHAPTER

Additional multiview sketching, assignments and

quizzes are available to faculty for downloading in
the Syllabus, Tests, and Quizzes folder of the
book’s file downloads. These downloads are
available to faculty who have adopted this book.

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 Multiview Sketching-Quiz 1 On the grid sheet furnished by your instructor (MV Quiz Grid Sheet.pdf located in Instructor Resources SDC
website for Technical Drawing 101), sketch the front, top, and right-side views of the objects shown below.
Name:__________________Date:________ Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.

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 Multiview Sketching-Sheet Number ___
Name:____________________________________Date:_______________

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
 On the grid sheet furnished by your instructor (MV Quiz Grid Sheet.pdf located in Instructor Resources at the
Multiview Sketching-Quiz 2 SDC Faculty website for Technical Drawing 101), sketch the front, top, and right-side views of the objects
shown below. Begin views in the dark corners shown in the grid.
Name:__________________Date:________

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© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD
Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
 Solutions to Quiz 2 Multi-view Sketching Problems

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 Unit 1 and 2 Quiz Name___________________________________
1. What does the acronym “CAD” stand for?

2. Name the 6 “regular” views of an object.

3. How is the front view of an object chosen?

4. What do the terms Solidworks and ProE refer to?

5. How many views of an object should a drafter draw?

6. What is the angle of the Miter Line used in an orthographic projection?

7. What does the acronym “ASME” stand for?

8. According to the ASME standard, what is the correct lineweight for a visible line?

9. Which symbol below, A or B, indicates that a drawing was created using First Angle Projection?

A. B.

10. How many views would be necessary to describe the cylinder shown at right?

11. What does is signify if an architect has the letters “AIA” following her name on her business card?

12. According to the US Department of Labor, which field of drafting has the highest median salary
(Mechanical, Architectural or Electronics)?

13. What do hidden lines represent on multiview drawings?

14. What does the term “SI” indicate when noted on a technical drawing?

15. How would “half scale” be indicated on a technical drawing?

16. What are the dimensions for an A size drawing sheet?

17. The front view of an objects shows the object’s Width and ___________________________?

18. The side view of an object shows the object’s Height and __________________________?

19. Which set of views shown below, A or B, employs Third Angle Projection?

A. B.

20. Is the following statement True or False? Humans have been creating CAD drawings for thousands of years.

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 Unit 1 and 2 Quiz
Quiz Key
Name___________________________________

1. What does the acronym “CAD” stand for? Computer Aided Design

2. Name the 6 “regular” views of an object. Front, Top, Bottom, Right , Left, Rear

3. How is the front view of an object chosen? The most descriptive view of the object is chosen.

4. What do the terms Solidworks and ProE refer to? They are both CAD software programs

5. How many views of an object should a drafter draw? As many as are needed to describe the object.

6. What is the angle of the Miter Line used in an orthographic projection? Forty-five degrees

7. What does the acronym “ASME” stand for? American Society of Mechanical Engineers

8. According to the ASME standard, what is the correct lineweight for a visible line? .6mm

9. Which symbol below, A or B, indicates that a drawing was created using First Angle Projection? B.

A. B.

10. How many views would be necessary to describe the cylinder shown at right?

Two, the front and side, or front and top.

11. What does is signify if an architect has the letters “AIA” following her name on her business card? That she has passed the licensing exams of the American Institute of Architects

12. According to the US Department of Labor, which field of drafting has the highest median salary
(Mechanical, Architectural or Electronics)?
Architecture
13. What do hidden lines represent on multiview drawings? An object’s features that are invisible in the view.

14. What does the term “SI” indicate when noted on a technical drawing? That the drawing’s units of measurement employs the Metric system.
15. How would “half scale” be indicated on a technical drawing? 1=2, or 1:2, or ½, or .5X

16. What are the dimensions for an A size drawing sheet? 11 X 8.5 (mechanical) or 12 X 9 (architectural)

17. Height
The front view of an objects shows the object’s Width and ___________________________?

18. Depth
The side view of an object shows the object’s Height and __________________________?

19. Which set of views shown below, A or B, employs Third Angle Projection? A.

A. B.

20. Is the following statement True or False? Humans have been creating CAD drawings for thousands of years. False

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 Home Work Assignment: Read up through the Chapter Summary of Chapter 3.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

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 Optional Sketching Assignments
Make freehand sketches of the front, top, and right views of these objects.

MATERIAL: CAST IRON

MATERIAL: MOLYBDENUM ALLOY STEEL

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.
 Make freehand sketches of the front, top, and right views of these objects.

© Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD

Smith & Ramirez – All rights reserved.