KIDAPAWAN DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC.

Ninoy Aquino Road, Brgy. Lanao, KidapawanCity

Tel. No: (064) 521-3830
www.kdci.edu.ph/fbpage: KdciKidapawan

LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE (LIM)

Module Title & CG Code: Oral Communication in Context /EN11/12OC-Ia-6, EN11/12OC-Ia-7

Teacher’s Name: Faustina C. Cervantes
Session Number: First Quarter/Unit 1-Lesson 2
Time Duration: 2 hours

CONTENT: Nature and Elements of Communication:

4. Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
5. Effective Communication Skills
6. Intercultural Communication

LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of the period, the students can:

1. use various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdown; and
2. demonstrate sensitivity to the sociocultural dimension of communication
situation with focus on:
a. culture; b. gender; c. age; d. social status; e. religion

LECTURE NOTES:

Review Points:
 Communication is the transmission and reception of information between two humans using
words, symbols, or actions.
 Communication involves sending a message from a person’s mind to another person’s mind
through a medium using a signaling system.
 Elements of communication are senders and receivers, message, channel and feedback.
 Communication models are descriptions of how communication takes place.

Introduction
In module 1, we have learned about the definition, nature, process and the different models of
communication. In this module, we will learn about the verbal and non-verbal communication, what
are the skills needed to effectively communicate with others and cultural sensitivity and raising
cultural awareness when we are going to interact with people of different culture other than us.

Drill:Identify if the following cues are verbal ( V ) or non-verbal ( NV) write your answer in the
space provided before each number.

Grunts such as “huh” or “ugh” -

Printed words -
Physical proximity -
Face-to-face conversations -
Eye contact -

1
F-DOI-O22
Rev. 0 08/22/2020
 Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication

Symbols are observable signals transmitted from the sender to the receiver. They can be
spoken signals that are heard such as spoken words, printed symbols that can be read such as
printed words, hand signals that are seen or even symbols that are felt.
Symbols do not have meaning in themselves. Meanings stirred up by words, signals or
gestures in the mind of the receiver may be different from the meaning intended by the sender, that is
why, similarity in schema or field of experience by the communicators plays a vital role in meaning
making.
Verbal communication

 When messages or information is exchanged or communicated through words.

 There are two types of verbal communication: Written and oral communication.
 Verbal communication take place through face-to-face conversations, group discussions,
counseling, interview, radio, television, calls, memos, letters, reports, notes, email and some
other forms such as grunts, breaths, shrieks or anything else coming out of the mouth of
speaker. For effective and successful verbal communication, use words to express ideas
which can be easily understood by the person you are talking to. Consider appropriateness,
brevity, clarity, ethics, and vividness when engaging in this type of communication.
1. Appropriateness- the language that you use should be appropriate to the
environment or occasion (i.e., whether formal or informal).

2. Brevity- speakers who often use simple yet precise and powerful words are found to
be more credible.
Try to achieve brevity by being more direct with your words. Avoid fillers and
insubstantial expressions which do not add to the message, such as “uh,” “you know,”
“I guess,” and others.

3. Clarity- the meanings of words, feelings, or ideas may be interpreted differently by a

listener; hence, it is essential for you to clearly state your message and express your
ideas and feelings.

4. Ethics- words should be carefully chosen in consideration of the gender, roles,

ethnicity, preferences, and status of the person or people you are talking to.

5. Vividness- words that vividly or creatively describe things or feelings usually add
color and spice to communication. Hence, you are encouraged to find ways to charm
your audience through the use of vivid words.

Non-Verbal communication

 When messages or information is exchanged or communicated without using any spoken or

written word.
 Non-verbal communication takes place through gestures, facial expressions, eye contact,
physical proximity, touching, color, and etc.
 All kinds of human responses that are not expressed in words are classified asnonverbal
communication.
Mastery of nonverbal communication is important for several reasons:
1. It enhances and emphasizes the message of your speech, thus making it more meaningful,
truthful, and relevant.
2. It can communicate feelings, attitudes, and perceptions without you saying a word.
3. It can sustain the attention of listeners and keep them engaged in the speech.
4. It gives the audience a preview to the type of speaker you are.
5. It makes you appear more dynamic and animated in your delivery.
6. It serves as a channel to release tension and nervousness.
7. It helps make your speech more dramatic.
8. It can build a connection with listeners.
9. It makes you a credible speaker.
10. It helps you vary your speaking style and avoid a monotonous delivery

Effective Communication Skills

How miscommunication happens? How do we avoid it? What strategies are we going to apply
to avoid communication breakdown and successfully convey and interpret messages? Watch the
video about “How Miscommunication Happens and How to Avoid it”. (Locate the folder “OralComm-
Mod 2” for saved videos\How miscommunication happens (and how to avoid it) - Katherine
Hampsten.mp4 or access the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCfzeONu3Mo )

Key Points:
 Human communication is complex.
 Human communication is not just simply “transmission” but creating meaning together.
 Challenges may arise during communication because of shift in perceptive meanings of messages
relayed caused by communicators’ field of experience, psychological, physical, and cultural influences.

Simple Practices for Effective Communication

 Recognize that “passive hearing” and “active listening” are not the same.
 Listen with your eyes, ears and as well as with your gut. Remember that communication is
more than just words.
 Take time to understand as you try to be understood.
 Be aware of your personal, perceptual filters- elements of your experience including culture,
community and family.
 Don’t assume that your perception is the only objective truth.

Activity No.1: Video Analysis (Individual)

Watch a Short Film Titled: Communication and answer the following questions after
watching the short film. Write your answers in boxes below.(Locate the folder “OralComm-Mod
2” for saved videos or access the link:https://w w w . y o u t u b e . c o m / w a t c h ? v = X -
cfSrlomlM&t=38s )
(Short Films and Videos are attached in separate file folder)
 KIDAPAWAN DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC.
Ninoy Aquino Road, Brgy. Lanao, KidapawanCity
Tel. No: (064) 521-3830
www.kdci.edu.ph/fbpage: KdciKidapawan

1. Do you think the film shows an example of effective

communication? Why or why not?
-

2. What are the things that you think the main character
can add or still do to effectively communicate?

3. How did the main character show and convey his feelings
and thoughts given the kind of communication shown in the
film? Cite examples.

4. If we are to apply in our daily lives the kind of

communication manifested in the film, what could be
possible outcomes?
-
 Intercultural Communication

 Involves communicating with a person or group of people who may not share the same
assumptions, values, allegiances as that of yours.
 Communicators may have different associations with the symbols.
 It requires you to be very careful and engage in a lot of clarification.
 Utterances you make must be understandable outside of any context.

Cultural Sensitivity Cultural Insensitivity

The awareness that people have varying cultures and The lack of cultural sensitivity.
that the similarities and differences of these cultures
affect the values, behavior, and learning of people. Leads to misunderstandings and conflict.

Helps people accept or tolerate one another despite In communication, a type of psychological noise that
varying beliefs, moral codes, and points of view. interferes with or distorts messages and causes
communication breakdown.
Helps people to live in a relative peace.

Intercultural Miscommunication

LaRayBarna (1997) has identified six primary sources of cross-cultural miscommunication:

Assumption
of The “invisible” aspects of our culture lead us to assume our communication
similarities. style and way of behaving is how “everyone” communicates and behaves.

Language differences. Speaking a non-native language can easily lead to miscommunication.

Nonverbal We send and receive wordless messages through body language, facial
expression, and eye contact.
misinterpretations.
Preconceptions
Culture influences the way we see the world.
and stereotypes.
When we hear communication or observe behavior, we tend to interpret the
Tendency to evaluate. message or the action through our cultural lens.

High
anxiety. Not understanding what is appropriate or expected can raise our anxiety level.
 There are a couple of ways to handle intercultural situations and one of them is the
understanding of intercultural competency. Watch the video about “Intercultural Competency”
for an in-depth understanding. (Locate the “OralComm- Mod 2” folder for saved
videos\Intercultural Competence.mp4 or access the link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ToOiAiqEvrE )
 KIDAPAWAN DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC.
Ninoy Aquino Road, Brgy. Lanao, KidapawanCity
Tel. No: (064) 521-3830
www.kdci.edu.ph/fbpage: KdciKidapawan

ASSESSMENT: Read and answer the given questions below. Write your answer in the space
provided.
For some, greeting people can be awkward enough. But there are cultures that have
unique ways of greeting new people. Countries like Switzerland and the Netherlands kisses the
cheek from right to left to right in that order. UAE, Saudi Arabia and other Persian Gulf countries
touch noses as a form of greeting.
If ever you happen to visit these countries, seeing people greeting each other in any of
those forms of greeting and heard someone (a tourist, a bypasser or a companion) saying
inappropriate remark about the way people greet each other, what will you do as someone who has
a knowledge of that culture?

RESOURCES:

Syjueco, M., Oral Communication in Context, DIWA TEXTBOOKS

Pena, A. & Anudin, A. (2016), Oral Communications, VIBAL GROUP INC.
“How Miscommunication Happens”- Ted-Ed Talk

ONLINE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

(All videos are available in the folder OralComm-Mod 2 / Videos)

Short Film: Communication - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-cfSrlomlM&t=38s

“How Miscommunication Happens” -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCfzeONu3Mo
“Intercultural Competency”-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ToOiAiqEvrE

SUPPLEMENTAL LEARNING MATERIALS: