Cambridge IGCSE™ International Mathematics
9 Sets
All answers were written by the authors. In examination, the way marks would be awarded to
answers like these may be different.
Exercise 9.1 page 500
1 a i Continents of the world
ii Student’s own answers
b i Even numbers
ii Student’s own answers
c i Days of the week
ii Student’s own answers
d i Months with 31 days
ii Student’s own answers
e i Triangle numbers
ii Student’s own answers
f i Boy’s names beginning with the letter M
ii Student’s own answers
g i Odd numbers
ii Student’s own answers
h i Vowels
ii o, u
i i Planets of the solar system
ii Student’s own answers
j i Numbers between 3 and 12
ii Student’s own answers
k i Numbers between –5 and 5
ii Student’s own answers
2 a 7
c 7
d 7
f Unquantifiably finite, though theoretically infinite
h 5
i 9
j If x is an integer, 10. Otherwise the set is infinite.
k If y is an integer, 11. Otherwise the set is infinite.
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 1
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Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics answers
Exercise 9.2 page 502
1 a Q = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28}
b R = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29}
c S = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29}
d T = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25}
e U = {1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28}
2 a B = {55, 60, 65}
b C = {51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66, 69}
c D = {64}
3 a {p, q, r}, {p, q}, {p, r}, {q, r}, {p}, {q}, {r}, { }
b {p, q}, {p, r}, {q, r}, {p}, {q}, {r}, { }
4 a True
b True
c True
d False
e False
f True
g True
h False
Exercise 9.3 page 504
1 a True
b True
c False
d False
e False
f True
2 a A B = {4, 6}
b A B = {4, 9}
c A B = {yellow, green}
3 a A B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 18}
b A B = {1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 16}
c A B = {red, orange, blue, indigo, violet, yellow, green, purple, pink}
4 a U = {a, b, p, q, r, s, t}
b A' = {a, b}
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Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics answers
5 a U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
b A' = {1, 4, 6, 8}
c A B = {2, 3}
d A B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8}
e (A B)' = {1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
f A B' = {5, 7}
6 a i A = {even numbers from 2 to 14}
ii B = {multiples of 3 from 3 to 15}
iii C = {multiples of 4 from 4 to 20}
b i A B = {6, 12}
ii A C = {4, 8, 12}
iii B C = {12}
iv A B C = {12}
v A B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15}
vi C B = {3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 16, 20}
7 a i A = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7}
ii B = {3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
iii C' = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
iv A B = {4, 5}
v A B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
vi (A B)' = {1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9}
b C A
8 a i W = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10}
ii X = {2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9}
iii Z ' = {1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10}
iv W Z = {2, 9}
v W X = {2, 6, 7, 9}
vi Y Z = { } or
b Z
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 3
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Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics answers
Exercise 9.4 page 506
1 a
b i A B = {Egypt}
ii A B = {Libya, Morocco, Chad, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Turkey}
2 a
b i P Q = {11, 13, 17}
ii P Q = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19}
3
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Exercise 9.5 page 507
1 a 5
b 14
c 13
2 45
3 a 10
b 50
4 a
b 100
Coloured tiles page 508
1 a 25 blue tiles
b 16 white tiles
2 a 2500 blue tiles
b 2401 white tiles
n +1
2
3 a When n is odd, number of blue tiles = .
2
2
n
When n is even, number of blue tiles = .
2
n −1
2
b When n is odd, number of white tiles = .
2
2
n
When n is even, number of white tiles = .
2
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4 The number of white and blue tiles are always square numbers due to their square formation.
For odd values of n, where n represents the number of tiles across the middle:
For even values of n:
Fractal patterns page 508
1 8 cm
2 10 cm
3 11 cm
4
Pattern Size of square Perimeter
added
1 1 1 4
1 1
2 8
2 2
1 1
3 10
4 4
1 1
4 11
8 8
5 Student’s investigation
6 Student’s description
63
7 11 cm
64
8 Perimeter = 12 – 24–n
9 Maximum perimeter is 12 cm. This can be seen from the formula above.
As n increases, 24–n tends to zero. Therefore 12 – 24–n tends to 12.
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 6
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Freefall page 510
1
2 a
Time2 (𝒔𝟐 ) 0 1 4 9 16
Distance (𝒎/𝒔) 0 4.6 19.4 43.7 77.8
b The graph of Time2 against distance fallen is linear and therefore takes the form
1
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐. In this case, 𝑐 = 0 and the graph is 𝐷 = 2 𝑘𝑡 2 .
1
The gradient is therefore the value of 2 𝑘.
77.8
c Gradient ≈ 16
≈ 4.9 therefore 𝑘 ≈ 9.8.
3 a 122.5 m
b 490 m
4 a 54.2 m/s
b 150 m (3 s.f.)
c 5.5 seconds
5 As the terminal velocity occurs after 5.5 seconds, the velocity after 10 seconds will be the
terminal velocity i.e. 54.2 m/s therefore the distance she will have fallen after 10 seconds will
be less than the answer calculated in Q.3b.
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 7
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Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics answers
Student assessment 1 page 511
1 a {odd numbers from 1 to 7}
b {odd numbers}
c {triangle numbers}
d {countries in South America}
2 a 12
b 3
c 7
d Student’s own answer
3 a
4 {o, r, k}, {w, r, k}, {w, o, k}, {w, o, r}, {w, o, r, k}
5 P' = {1, 3, 5, 7}
Student assessment 2 page 511
1 a 32
b {a, e, i, o, u}, {a, e, i, o}, {a, e, i, u}, {a, e, o, u}, {a, i, o, u}, {e, i, o, u}
2 a
b {lion, cheetah}
c
d
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 8
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Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics answers
3 a Let the number liking only tennis be x.
b 15
c 5
d 16
4 a 5
b 35
c 40
d 50
e 15
f 12
g 10
h 78
i 78
Cambridge IGCSE International Mathematics Online Teacher’s Guide 9
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