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 9 MATHEMATICS LINEAR SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS SOLUTION

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Linear Simultaneous Equations

Class 9th Mathematics West Bengal Board Solution

Let Us Work Out 5.1

1. The sum of my elder sister’s present age and my father’s present age is 55 years. By…
2. Mita has bought 3 pens and 4 pencils at Rs. 42 from the shop of Jadabkaku. I bought 9…
3. Today we shall draw the pictures as we like in our school. For this, I have bought 2…

Let Us Work Out 5.2

1. 2x + 3y - 7 = 0 3x + 2y - 8 = 0 Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous…
2. 4x - y = 0 -8x + 2y = -22 Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous…
3. 7x + 3y = 42 21x + 9y = 42 Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous…
4. 5x + y = 13 5x + 5y = 12 Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous equations…
5. x + 5y = 7 x + 5y = 20 By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and…
6. 2x + y = 8 2y - 3x = -5 By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and…
7. 5x + 8y = 14 15x + 24y = 42 By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and…
8. 3x + 2y = 6 12x + 8y = 24 By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and…
9. 5x + 3y = 11 2x - 7y = -12 Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same…
10. 6x - 8y = 2 3x - 4y = 1 Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable…
11. 8x - 7y = 0 8x - 7y = 56 Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable…
12. 4x - 3y = 6 4y - 5x = -7 Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable…
13. 4x + 3y = 20 8x + 6y = 40 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing…
14. 4x + 3y = 20 12x + 9y = 20 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing…
15. 4x + 3y = 20 3x/4 - y/8 = 1 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing…
16. p - q = 3 p/3 + q/2 = 6 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing…
17. p - q = 3 p/5 - q/5 = 3 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing…
18. p - q = 3 8p - 8q = 5 Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs…
19. parallel to each other Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y…
20. intersecting Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y = 5. I…
21. overlapping Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y = 5. I…

Let Us Work Out 5.3

1. 8x + 5y - 11 = 0 3x - 4y - 10 = 0 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
2. 2x + 3y - 7 = 0 3x + 2y - 8 = 0 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
3. To eliminate y, what number is multiplied with the equation 7x - 5y + 2 = 0 and then…
4. Let us write the least natural number by which we can multiply both the equations and…
5. 3x + 2y = 6 2x - 3y = 17 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in…
6. 2x + 3y = 32 11y - 9x = 3 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in…
7. x + y = 48 x+4 = 5/2 (y+4) Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in…
8. x/2 + y/3 = 8 5x/4 - 3y = - 3 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations…
9. 3x - 2/y = 5 x + 4/y = 4 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in…
10. x/2 + y/3 = 1 x/3 + y/2 = 1 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations…
11. x+y/2 + 3x-5y/4 = 2 x/14 + y/18 = 1 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
12. xy/x+y = 1/5 xy/x-y = 1/9 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in…
13. 1/x-1 + 1/y-2 = 3 2/x-1 + 3/y-2 = 5 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
14. 14/x+y + 3/x-y = 5 21/x+y - 1/x-y = 2 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
15. x+y/5 - x-y/4 = 7/20 x+y/3 - x-y/2 + 5/6 = 0 Let us solve the following linear…
16. x + y = a + b ax + by = a^2 - b^2 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
17. x+a/a = y+b/b ax - by = a^2 - b^2 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
18. ax + by = c a^2 x + b^2 y = c^2 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…
 19. ax + by = 1 bx+ay = (a+b)^2/a^2 + b^2 - 1 Let us solve the following linear…
 20. (7x - y - 6)^2 + (14x + 2y -16)^2 = 0 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous…  Login

Let Us Work Out 5.4

1. Let us express the variable x of the equation x/3 + y/2 = 8 in term of the variable y.…
2. Let us express the variable y of the equation 2/x + 7/y = 1 in term of the variably x.…
3. 2(x - y) = 3 5x + 8y = 14 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the…
4. 2x + 3/y = 5 5x - 2/y = 3 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the…
5. x/2 + y/3 = 1 x/3 + y/2 = 1 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the…
6. 4x - 3y = 18 4y - 5x = -7 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the…
7. Let us solve the simultaneous equations 2x + y = 8 and 2y - 3x = -5 by the method of…
8. 3x - 2y = 2 7x + 3y = 43 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
9. 2x - 3y = 8 x+y/x-y = 7/3 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
10. 1/3 (x-y) = 1/4 (y-1) 1/7 (4x-5y) = x-7 Let us solve the following simultaneous…
11. x+1/y+1 = 4/5 x-5/y-5 = 1/2 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
12. x + y = 11 y+2 = 1/8 (10y+x) Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
13. x/3 + y/4 = 1 2x + 4y = 11 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
14. x + 2/y = 7 2x - 6/y = 9 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
15. 1/x + 1/y = 5/6 1/x - 1/y = 1/6 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in…
16. x+y/xy = 2 x-y/xy = 1 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
17. x+y/5 + x-y/4 = 5 x+y/4 + x-y/5 = 5 4/5 Let us solve the following simultaneous…
18. 4/x - y/2 = - 1 8/x + 2y = 10 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
19. 2 - 2(3x - y) = 10 10(4 - y) - 5x = 4(y - x) Let us solve the following simultaneous…

Let Us Work Out 5.5

1. Let us express x of the equation 2/x + 3/y = 1 in terms of the variable y.…
2. Let us write the value of x by putting 7-4x/-5 instead of y in the equation 2x + 3y =…
3. 3x - y = 7 2x + 4y = 0 Let us solve the following equations in two variables by the…
4. x/2 + y/3 = 2 = x/4 + y/2 Let us solve the following equations in two variables by the…
5. 2x + 3/y = 1 5x - 2/y = 11/12 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
6. 2/x + 3/y = 2 5/x + 10/y = 5 5/6 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in…
7. x+y/xy = 3 x-y/xy = 1 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
8. x+y/x-y = 7/3 x+y = 7/10 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
9. 2(x - y) = 3 5x + 8y = 14 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
10. 2x + 3/y = 5 5x - 2/y = 3 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
11. x/2 + y/3 = 1 x/3 + y/2 = 1 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
12. x/3 = y/4 7x - 5y = 2 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…
13. 2/x + 5/y = 1 3/x + 2/y = 19/20 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in…
14. 1/3 (x-y) = 1/4 (y-1) 1/7 (4x-5y) = x-7 Let us solve the following simultaneous…
15. x/14 + y/18 = 1 x+y/2 + 3x-5y/4 = 2 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations…
16. p(x + y) = q(x - y) = 2pq Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two…

Let Us Work Out 5.6

1. 8x + 5y = 1 3x - 4y = 10 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in…
2. 3x - 4y = 1 4x = 3y + 6 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two…
3. 5x + 3y = 11 2x - 7y = -12 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in…
4. 7x - 3y - 31 = 0 9x - 5y - 41 = 0 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
5. x/6 - y/3 = x/12 - 2y/3 = 4 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in…
6. x/5 + y/3 = x/4 - y/3 - 3/20 = 0 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
7. x+2/7 + y-x/4 = 2x-8 2y-3x/3 + 2y = 3x+4 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
8. x + 5y = 36 x+y/x-y = 5/3 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in…
9. 13x - 12y + 15 = 0 8x - 7y = 0 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations…
10. x + y = 2b x - y = 2a Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two…
11. x - y = 2a ax + by = a^2 + b^2 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
12. x/a + y/b = 2 ax - by = a^2 - b^2 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…
13. ax + by = 1 bx+ay = 2ab/a^2 + b^2 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear…

Let Us Work Out 5.1

Question 1.
 Let us form the simultaneous equations in each of the following cases and see whether the solution of them is
 possible or not.
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The sum of my elder sister’s present age and my father’s present age is 55 years. By calculating, I observed that after
16 years, my father’s age will be two times of my sister’s age.

(a) Let me draw the graph after framing simultaneous equations.

(b) With the help of graph, let me find out whether the general solution of two equations can be determined.

(c) Let me write the present age of my elder sister and father from the graph.

Answer:
Let take my sister’s present age to be = X

My father’s present age as = Y

Given that

The sum of my elder sister’s present age and my father’s present age is 55 years.

So we can write it as

Sister’s age + father’s age =55

X+Y = 55 ………… (1)

Also given that after 16 years, my father’s age will be two times of my sister’s age.

So father’s age after 16 years will be (Y+16)

And sister’s age after 16 years will be (X+16)

So our new equation become

Father’s age = 2× (sister’s age)

Y+16 = 2×(X+16)

Y = 2X +16 ………… (2)

Equation (1)

X +Y=55

Equation (2)

 Y = 2X +16
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After plotting the lines, we can determine the intersection point of lines.

You can clearly see in the figure given below.

Red line for equation (1)

Blue line for equation (2)

We can satisfy the point (13, 42)

Equation (1)

X+Y=55

13 +42 = 55

AND EQUATION (2)

Y=2X+16

42 =2×13+16

HENCE, sister’s age is =13 years

Father’s age is =24 years

Question 2.
Let us form the simultaneous equations in each of the following cases and see whether the solution of them is
possible or not.

 Mita has bought 3 pens and 4 pencils at Rs. 42 from the shop of Jadabkaku. I bought 9 pens and 1 dozen pencils at the
 same rate to give gifts to my friends at the Rs. 126.
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(a) Let me draw the graph after forming the simultaneous equations.

(b) With the help of graph, let me find whether the general solution of two equations can be determined.

(c) Let me write the price of 1 pen and 1 pencil separately from the graph.

Answer:
Let’s take the value of pen = Rs X

Value of pencil = Rs Y

Given that

Mita has bought 3 pens and 4 pencils for Rs.42

So we can write the equation as

3(PEN) +4(PENCIL) =42

3X + 4Y =42 ……… (1)

Also given that

I bought 9 pens and 1 dozen pencils at the same rate to give gifts to my friends at the Rs. 126.

Equation become

9X+12Y =126 ……… (2)

If we divide both sides by 3 we get

3X +4Y = 42

Both equation (1) and (2) are the same, so there exist an infinite number of solutions.

We can plot this equation, see the figure given below -

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Every point laying on this line on 1st quadrant can be our answer …

So there is an infinite number of solution to this question.

Question 3.
Let us form the simultaneous equations in each of the following cases and see whether the solution of them is
possible or not.

Today we shall draw the pictures as we like in our school. For this, I have bought 2 art papers and 5 sketch pens at
Rs.16. But Dola has bought 4 art papers and 10 sketch pens of the same rate and from the same shop.

(a) Let me form simultaneous equations and draw the graph.

(b) Let me see whether the general solution of the equations can be found out from the graph.

(c) Let me write whether I can get the price of 1 art paper and 1 sketch pen.

Answer:
Let’s take the price of one art papers to be = Rs X

And the price of one sketch pen be = Rs Y

Given that

I have bought 2 art papers and 5 sketch pens at Rs. 16

So the equations will become

2X+5Y =16 ………… (1)

Also given that

Dola has bought 4 art papers and 10 sketch pens of the same rate.

So the equation become



 4(art papers) +10(pens) =16

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4 X + 10Y = 16………… (2)

We can plot this line on graphs

Equation (1)

Equation (2)

We can see the plots given below –

As we can see that both lines are parrell to each other

So there is no solution to this equations

We cannot find any value of the price of pens and art papers.

Let Us Work Out 5.2

Question 1.
Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous equations and write whether they are solvable or not and if they
are solvable, let us write that particular solution or 3 solutions if they have infinite number of solutions:

2x + 3y – 7 = 0

3x + 2y – 8 = 0

 Answer:  Login

2x + 3y – 7 = 0 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

3x + 2y – 8 = 0 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here, we can see in the graph that lines AB and CD are intersecting at point A(2,1).Hence it is solvable.

Solution of equations is x=2 and y=1.

Question 2.
Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous equations and write whether they are solvable or not and if they
are solvable, let us write that particular solution or 3 solutions if they have infinite number of solutions:

4x – y = 0

–8x + 2y = –22

Answer:
4x - y = 0 y = 4x ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

 -8x + 2y = -22 y = .. equation (ii)

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Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here, we can see from graph that lines AB and CD are not intersecting each other i.e, they are parallel. Hence it is not
solvable.

Question 3.
Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous equations and write whether they are solvable or not and if they
are solvable, let us write that particular solution or 3 solutions if they have infinite number of solutions:

7x + 3y = 42

21x + 9y = 42

Answer:
7x + 3y = 42 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

21x + 9y = 42 y = ... equation (ii)

 Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

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Here, we can see from graph that lines AB and CD are not intersecting each other i.e, they are parallel. Hence it is not
solvable.

Question 4.
Let us draw the graph of the following simultaneous equations and write whether they are solvable or not and if they
are solvable, let us write that particular solution or 3 solutions if they have infinite number of solutions:

5x + y = 13

5x + 5y = 12

Answer:
5x + y = 13 y = 13 – 5x ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

5x + 5y = 12 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

  Login

Here, we can see in the graph that lines AB and CD are intersecting at point P(2.65,-0.25).Hence it is solvable.

Solution of equations is x=2.65 and y=-0.25.

Question 5.
By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and constants of the following pairs of equations, let us write
whether the pair of equations is solvable or not and check them by drawing the graphs of the equations.

x + 5y = 7

x + 5y = 20

Answer:
x + 5y = 7 …(1)

x + 5y = 20 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

x + 5y = 7 x + 5y = 20

∴ x + 5y + (-7) = 0 ∴ x + 5y + (–20) = 0

Or 1 × x + 5 × y + (-7) = 0 or, 1 × x + 5 × y + (-20) = 0

Here a1 = 1, b1 = 5, c1 = -7 and a2 = 1, b2 = 5, c2 = -20

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and


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Here . Therefore, it is not solvable. Lines will be parallel.

Now, plot the lines on graph,

x + 5y = 7 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

x + 5y = 20 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

We can also see clearly in the graph that two lines are not intersecting each other at any point.

Question 6.
By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and constants of the following pairs of equations, let us write
whether the pair of equations is solvable or not and check them by drawing the graphs of the equations.

2x + y = 8

2y – 3x = –5

Answer:
2x + y = 8 …(1)

2y – 3x = –5 …(2)

 Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

  Login

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

2x + y = 8 2y – 3x = –5

∴ 2x + y + (-8) = 0 ∴ 2y + (-3x) + 5 = 0

Or 2 × x + 1 × y + (-8) = 0 or, -3 × x + 2 × y + 5 = 0

Here a1 = 2, b1 = 1, c1 = -8 and a2 = -3, b2 = 2, c2 = 5

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

Here . Therefore, it is solvable and has one common solution. Lines will intersect at a point.

Now, plot the lines on graph,

2x + y = 8 y = 8 – 2x ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

2y – 3x = –5 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

  Login

Here in the graph also, we can see that two lines are intersecting each other at point P(3,2). So it has a common
solution which is x = 3 and y = 2.

Question 7.
By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and constants of the following pairs of equations, let us write
whether the pair of equations is solvable or not and check them by drawing the graphs of the equations.

5x + 8y = 14

15x + 24y = 42

Answer:
5x + 8y = 14 …(1)

15x + 24y = 42 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

5x + 8y = 14 15x + 24y = 42

∴ 5x + 8y – 14 = 0 ∴ 15x + 24y – 42 = 0

Or 5 × x + 8 × y + (-14) = 0 or, 15 × x + 24 × y + (-42) = 0

Here a1 = 5, b1 = 8, c1 = -14 and a2 = 15, b2 = 24, c2 = -42

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

 Here . Therefore, it is solvable and has infinite common solutions. Lines will overlap.
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Now, plot the lines on graph,

5x + 8y = 14 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

15x + 24y = 42 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here in the graph also, we can see that both lines are overlapped on each other. Therefore it has infinite common
solutions.

Question 8.
By comparing the co-efficient of the same variables and constants of the following pairs of equations, let us write
whether the pair of equations is solvable or not and check them by drawing the graphs of the equations.

3x + 2y = 6

12x + 8y = 24

Answer:
3x + 2y = 6 …(1)

12x + 8y = 24 …(2)

 Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

  Login

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

3x + 2y = 6 12x + 8y = 24

∴ 3x + 2y + (-6) = 0 ∴ 12x + 8y + (-24) = 0

Or 3 × x + 2 × y + (-6) = 0 or, 12 × x + 8 × y + (-24) = 0

Here a1 = 3, b1 = 2, c1 = -6 and a2 = 12, b2 = 8, c2 = -24

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

Here . Therefore, it is solvable and has infinite common solutions. Lines will overlap.

Now, plot the lines on graph,

3x + 2y = 6 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

12x + 8y = 24 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

  Login

Here in the graph also, we can see that both lines are overlapping on each other. Therefore it has infinite common
solutions.

Question 9.
Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable and constants of the following pairs of equations and write
whether the graphs of the equations will be parallel or intersecting or overlapping.

5x + 3y = 11

2x – 7y = –12

Answer:
5x + 3y = 11 …(1)

2x – 7y = –12 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

5x + 3y = 11 2x – 7y = –12

∴ 5x + 3y + (-11) = 0 ∴ 2x – 7y + 12 = 0

Or 5 × x + 3 × y + (-11) = 0 or, 2 × x + (-7) × y + 12 = 0

Here a1 = 5, b1 = 3, c1 = -11 and a2 = 2, b2 = -7, c2 = 12

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

 Here . Therefore, it has one common solution. Graph of equations will intersect at a point.
  Login

Question 10.
Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable and constants of the following pairs of equations and write
whether the graphs of the equations will be parallel or intersecting or overlapping.

6x – 8y = 2

3x – 4y = 1

Answer:
6x – 8y = 2 …(1)

3x – 4y = 1 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

6x – 8y = 2 3x – 4y = 1

∴ 6x + (-8y) + (-2) = 0 ∴ 3x + (-4y) + (-1) = 0

Or 6 × x + (-8) × y + (-2) = 0 or, 3 × x + (-4) × y + (-1) = 0

Here a1 = 6, b1 = -8, c1 = -2 and a2 = 3, b2 = -4, c2 = -1

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

Here . Therefore, it has infinite common solutions. Graph of equations will overlap.

Question 11.
Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable and constants of the following pairs of equations and write
whether the graphs of the equations will be parallel or intersecting or overlapping.

8x – 7y = 0

8x – 7y = 56

Answer:
8x – 7y = 0 …(1)

x + 5y = 20 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of



 ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.  Login

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

8x – 7y = 0 8x -7y = 56

∴ 8x + (-7y) + 0 = 0 ∴ 8x + (-7y) + (-56) = 0

Or 8 × x + (-7) × y + 0 = 0 or, 8 × x + (-7) × y + (-56) = 0

Here a1 = 8, b1 = -7, c1 = 0 and a2 = 8, b2 = -7, c2 = -56

Comparing the ratio of , we get

, and

Here . Therefore, graph of equations will be parallel.

Question 12.
Let us determine the relations of ratios of the same variable and constants of the following pairs of equations and write
whether the graphs of the equations will be parallel or intersecting or overlapping.

4x – 3y = 6

4y – 5x = –7

Answer:
4x – 3y = 6 …(1)

4y – 5x = –7 …(2)

Let us express the equations (1) and (2) in the form of

ax + by +c = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

[In the first equation, we use a1, b1, c1 and in second equation, we use a2, b2, c2 ]

4x – 3y = 6 4y – 5x = –7

∴ 4x + (-3y) + (-6) = 0 ∴ –5x + 4y + 7= 0

Or 4 × x + (-3) × y + (-6) = 0 or, -5 × x + 4 × y + 7 = 0

Here a1 = 4, b1 = -3, c1 = -6 and a2 = -5, b2 = 4, c2 = 7

Comparing the ratio of , we get



  Login
, and

Here . Therefore, it has one common solution. Graph of equations will intersect at a point.

Question 13.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

4x + 3y = 20

8x + 6y = 40

Answer:
4x + 3y = 20 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

8x + 6y = 40 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here we can see in the graph that, lines AB and CD overlaps on each other. Therefore, it has infinite number of
solutions.

Among them 3 solutions are: x = 2 & y = 4

x=5 & y = 0


 x= -1 & y=8  Login

Question 14.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

4x + 3y = 20

12x + 9y = 20

Answer:
4x + 3y = 20 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

12x + 9y = 20 y = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here in the graph, we can see that these two lines are parallel to each other. Hence it is not solvable.

Question 15.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

 4x + 3y = 20


 Login

Answer:
4x + 3y = 20 y = ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

6x – y = 8 y = 6x - 8 ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here in the graph, we can see that these two lines are intersecting each other at point P(2,4). Hence it is solvable and
its solution is x = 2 and y = 4

Question 16.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

p – q = 3

Answer:
p – q = 3 q = p - 3 ... equation (i)

  Login

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

2p – 3q = 36 q = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here in the graph, we can see that two lines are intersecting each other at point P(--27,-30). Hence it is solvable and its
solution is x = -27 and y = -30

Question 17.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

p – q = 3

Answer:
p – q = 3 q = p - 3 ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

p – q = 15 q = p - 15 ... equation (ii)

  Login

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

Here in the graph, we can see that these two lines are parallel to each other. Hence it is not solvable.

Question 18.
Let us solve the following pairs of equations by drawing graphs which are solvable and write 3 solutions which have
infinite number of solutions.

p – q = 3

8p – 8q = 5

Answer:
p – q = 3 q = p - 3 ... equation (i)

Equation (i) will be plotted as line AB.

8p – 8q = 5 q = ... equation (ii)

Equation (ii) will be plotted as line CD.

  Login

Here in the graph, we can see that these two lines are parallel to each other. Hence it is not solvable.

Question 19.
Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y = 5. I write another linear equation in two variables, so
that, the graphs of two equations will be

parallel to each other

Answer:
x + y = 5 …(1)

Let us express the equations (1) in the form of

a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

Let the required equation be a2x + b2y + c2 = 0

x+y=5

∴ x + y + (-5) = 0

Or 1 × x + 1 × y + (-5) = 0

Here a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = -5

For lines of equation to be parallel in the graph, we need

Let and where k1 and k2 are any real number and k1≠k2 also both are non zero.

For simplicity, take k1 = 0.5 and k2 = 0.2

So, ,


  Login
and

Therefore, required equation is 2x + 2y – 25 = 0 which will be parallel in the graph with equation x + y = 5

Question 20.
Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y = 5. I write another linear equation in two variables, so
that, the graphs of two equations will be

intersecting

Answer:
x + y = 5 …(1)

Let us express the equations (1) in the form of

a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

Let the required equation be a2x + b2y + c2 = 0

x+y=5

∴ x + y + (-5) = 0

Or 1 × x + 1 × y + (-5) = 0

Here a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = -5

For lines of equation to be intersecting in the graph, we need

Let , and c1 = c2 where k1 and k2 are any real number

and k1≠k2 also both are non zero.

For simplicity, take k1 = 0.5 and k2 = 0.2

So, , and

Therefore, required equation is 2x + 5y – 5 = 0 which will be intersecting in the graph with equation x + y = 5


 Login

Question 21.
Tathagata has written a linear equation in two variables x + y = 5. I write another linear equation in two variables, so
that, the graphs of two equations will be

overlapping

Answer:
x + y = 5 …(1)

Let us express the equations (1) in the form of

a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 where a and b can’t be 0 at the same time.

Let the required equation be a2x + b2y + c2 = 0

x+y=5

∴ x + y + (-5) = 0

Or 1 × x + 1 × y + (-5) = 0

Here a1 = 1, b1 = 1, c1 = -5

For lines of equation to be parallel in the graph, we need

Let where k is any real number and k≠0.

For simplicity, take k= 0.5

So, ,

and

Therefore, required equation is 2x + 2y – 10 = 0 which will be overlapping in the graph with equation x + y = 5

Let Us Work Out 5.3

Question 1.
 Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by the method of elimination and check them
 graphically:
 Login

8x + 5y – 11 = 0

3x – 4y – 10 = 0

Answer:
Rewriting the above equations in the standard form of ax + by = c

8x + 5y = 11 (i)

3x – 4y = 10 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations (i) & (ii),

Note: - We can eliminate any one of the variable, to eliminate y, we have to make the coefficient of y in both the
equations equal.

We have to multiply the coefficient of y with such a number that makes them equal to the common factor of both of
them.

Multiply equations (i) with 4 and (ii) with 5 .

⇒ x = 2, putting the value of x = 2 in equation (i), we get y = - 1

Hence the solution of the two linear equation is x = 2 and y = - 1

Let us take the equation (i) as Straight Line A and (ii) as B . To draw the lines we need at least 2 points to draw.

Generally, we substitute x = 0 or y = 0 in the given linear equations to get y and x. So we get two points on the straight
line. To find more points on the line, take different values of x related to it, we get different values for y from the
equation.

We get the following tables for the given linear equations.

For 8x + 5y = 11

For 3x – 4y = 10

  Login

Hence also by graphical method the solution comes out to be (2, - 1)

Question 2.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by the method of elimination and check them
graphically:

2x + 3y – 7 = 0

3x + 2y – 8 = 0

Answer:
Rewriting the above equations in the standard form of ax + by = c

2x + 3y = 7 (i)

3x + 2y = 8 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘x’ from both the equations (i) & (ii)

Multiply equations (i) with 3 and (ii) with 2 to make the coefficient of x equal.

⇒ y = 1, Putting the value of y in equation (i) gives x = 2

Hence the solution of this linear equation is x = 2 and y = 1.



 Let us take the equation (i) as Straight Line A and (ii) as B . To draw the lines we need at least 2 points to draw
 Login

Generally, we substitute x = 0 or y = 0 in the given linear equations to get y and x. So we get two points on the straight\
line. To find more points on the line, take different values of x related to it, we get different values for y from the
equation.

We get the following tables for the given linear equations.

For 2x + 3y = 7

For 3x + 2y = 8

Hence, Also by graphical method the solution comes out to be (2, 1).

Question 3.
To eliminate y, what number is multiplied with the equation 7x – 5y + 2 = 0 and then add to the equation 2x + 15y + 3 =
0.

 Answer:  Login

To eliminate y, we have to make the coefficient of y in both the equations equal, so we have to multiply the coefficient of
y with such a number that makes them equal to the common multiple of both of them.

In this case, equation 7x – 5y + 2 = 0 should be multiplied by 3 such that the coefficient of y will be equal to 15 in both
the cases.

Question 4.
Let us write the least natural number by which we can multiply both the equations and get the equal co - efficients of x,
where the equations are 4x – 3y = 16 and 6x + 5y = 62.

Answer:
In this case, the coefficient of x are 4 and 6, thinking of the common multiple of the 4 and 6 comes out to be 12, hence
multiplying 4x – 3y = 16 by 3 and 6x + 5y = 62 by 2 makes the coefficient of x as 12 and then subtracting both the
equations to eliminate x.

Question 5.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

3x + 2y = 6

2x – 3y = 17

Answer:
In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations

3x + 2y = 6 (i)

2x – 3y = 17 (ii)

Multiplying equation (i) with 3 and (ii) with 2, We have

⇒x=4

Putting the value of x in equation (i)

We have y = 1/2 (6 - 3x)

y = - 3.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 4 and y = - 3.

Question 6.
 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:


 Login

2x + 3y = 32

11y – 9x = 3

Answer:
Rewriting the above equations in standard form,

2x + 3y = 32 (i)

- 9x + 11y = 3 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘x’ from both the equations.

Hence multiplying equation (i) with 9 and (ii) with 2, We have

⇒y=6

Putting the value of y in equation (i)

we have, x = 1/2 (32 - 3y)

⇒x=7

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 7 and y = 6.

Question 7.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

x + y = 48

Answer:
Rewriting the above equations in the standard form of ax + by = c.

x + y = 48 (i)

x – 2.5 y = 6 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘x’ from both the equations, simply subtracting

  Login

⇒ y = 12

Putting the value of y in equation(i)

we have, x = (48 - y) or x = 36.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 36 and y = 12.

Question 8.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as.

3x + 2y = 48 (i)

5x – 12y = - 12 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations!

Multiplying equation (i) with 6, we have

⇒ x = 12

Putting the value of y in equation(i)

We have y = 1/2(48 - 3x) or y = 6.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 12 and y = 6.

Question 9.
 Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

 Login

Answer:
Let as Y, Rewriting the above equation as.

3x – 2Y = 5 (i)

x + 4Y = 4 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations. Multiplying equation (i) with 2, we have

⇒x=2

Putting the value of y in equation(i)

We have Y = - 1/2 (5 - 3x) or Y = 1/2

Since, , therefore y = 2.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 2 and y = 2

Question 10.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as.

3x + 2y = 6 (i)

2x + 3y = 6 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations,

 Multiplying equation (i) with 3 and (ii) with 2, we have

  Login

Putting the value of x in equation(i)

We have y = 1/2(6 - 3x) or

Hence the solution of the linear equation is and

Question 11.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as.

5x – 3y = 8 (i)

9x + 7y = 126 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations. Multiplying equation (i) with 7 and (ii) with 3, we have

⇒ x = 7, putting the value of x in equation(i),

we have or y = 9.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = 7 and y = 9.

Question 12.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

  Login

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as.

x + y = 5xy (i)

x - y = 9xy (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations.

Adding both the equations

2x = 14xy (cancelling x from both the sides)

Putting the value of y in equation(i)

x = 5xy - y or x = - 1/2

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = and y = -1/2

Note: - Since we have cancelled x as it is common from both the sides, we have neglected a solution that is x = 0,
similarly other solution as y = 0.

Question 13.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Let us take as

and

Then the above equations will be

1a + 1.b = 3 (i)

2a + 3b = 5 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘a’ from both the equations, Multiplying equation (i) with 2, we have


  Login

⇒ b = - 1, putting the value of b in equation(i) a = 3 - b or a = 4.

Since ⇒ and

⇒y=1

Hence the solution of the linear equation is and y = 1.

Question 14.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Let us take as and

Then above equations can be written as

14a + 3b = 5 (i)

21a - b = 2 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘b’ from both the equations.

Multiplying equation (ii) with 3, we have

Putting the value of a in equation(i) gives b = 1

Now Since and It will form again a system of linear equations in x and y.

  Login

Rearranging the above equation

x + y = 7 (iii)

x – y = 1 (iv)

⇒ x = 4, putting the value of x in equation(iii) gives y = 3.

Hence the solution of the linear equation is x = and y = 3.

Question 15.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as.

9y - x = 7 (i)

5y - x = - 5 (ii)

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘x’ from both the equations by subtracting the equation.

y = 3, putting the value of y in equation(i), we have x = 20

Hence the solution of the linear equation is y = 3 and x = 20

Question 16.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

x + y = a + b

ax + by = a2 - b2

 Answer:
 Login

In this problem, we will eliminate ‘y’ from both the equations by subtracting the equation 2nd from 1st.

x + y = a + b (i)

(ii)

Multiplying equation 1st by ‘b’ to make the coefficient of y equal in both equation. So we get,

Putting the value of x in equation (i) we get, value of y as

Hence the solution of the linear equation is and .

Question 17.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

ax - by = a2 - b2

Answer:
Rewriting the above equation as

…(i)

…(ii)

Multiplying equation (i) by ‘b’ and equation (ii) by ‘a’ to eliminate y, we get

  Login

⇒x=1

Putting the value of x in (i) we get

Hence the solution of the linear equation is

Question 18.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

ax + by = c

a2 x + b2y = c2

Answer:
In this case, we will eliminate y from both the equations

ax + by = c (i)

(ii)

Multiplying equation (i) by ‘b’ we get,

Putting the value of x in equation (i) we get,

Hence the solution of the linear equation is and

Question 19.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

ax + by = 1

  Login

Answer:
In this case, we will eliminate y from both the equations

(i)

(ii)

Multiplying equation (i) by ‘a’ and (ii) by ‘b’ to eliminate y we get,

a2x + aby = a (iii)

(iv)

Subtracting (iii) from (iv), we get

Putting the value of x in (i) we get

Hence the solution of the linear equation is

Question 20.
Let us solve the following linear simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of elimination:

(7x – y – 6)2 + (14x + 2y –16)2 = 0

Answer:
This equation is of the form

 This is possible if both ‘a’ = 0 and b = 0

  Login

So, for above equation equals to zero

and

Now multiplying equation (i) by 2 and adding both equation we get,

⇒x=1

Putting the value of x in (i) we get

So for the value of x = 1 and y = 1 the given equation equals to zero

Let Us Work Out 5.4

Question 1.

Let us express the variable x of the equation in term of the variable y.

Answer:

Taking L.C.M

⇒ 2x + 3y = 48

Question 2.

Let us express the variable y of the equation in term of the variably x.

Answer:

Taking L.C.M


 ⇒ 2y + 7x = xy  Login

⇒ 7x = xy - 2y

⇒ 7x = y(x - 2)

Question 3.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the method of comparison and check whether the solutions
satisfy the equations.

2(x – y) = 3

5x + 8y = 14

Answer:
Let’s express the variable in terms of another variable.

⇒ 2(x - y) = 3 ………[1]

⇒ 2x - 2y = 3

⇒ 2x = 3 + 2y

………[3]

and,

5x + 8y = 14 ………[2]

⇒ 5x = 14 – 8y

………[4]

on comparing eq. [3] and eq. [4]

we get,

⇒ 15 + 10y = 28 – 16y

⇒ 26y = 13

………[5]


 from eq. [3]

 Login

………[6]

by eq. [5] and [6]

x = 2,

by using the result in eq. [1] and eq. [2]

2(x - y) = 3

L.H.S

= 3 = R.H.S

similarly,

by eq. [2]

5x + 8y = 14

L.H.S

= 10 + 4

= 14 = R.H.S

Question 4.
 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the method of comparison and check whether the solutions
 satisfy the equations.

 Login

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable.

………[1]

………[2]

⇒ 2xy + 3 = 5y

⇒ 2xy = 5y – 3

………[3]

by eq. 2

⇒ 5xy – 2 = 3y

⇒ 5xy = 3y + 2

………[4]

on comparing eq. [3] and eq. [4]

⇒ 5y(5y – 3) = 2y(3y + 2)

⇒ 25y2 – 15y = 6y2 + 4y

 cancelling one power of y from both sides

  Login

⇒ 25y – 15 = 6y + 4

⇒ 19y = 19

⇒y=1

by eq. [3]

⇒x=1

∴ solution of this pair is x = 1, y = 1

verifying by eq. [1]

L.H.S

= 5 = R.H.S

by eq. [2]

L.H.S

= 3 = R.H.S

Question 5.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the method of comparison and check whether the solutions
satisfy the equations.


 Login

Answer:
………[1]

………[2]

by eq. [1]

taking L.C.M

⇒ 3x + 2y = 6

………[3]

by eq. [2]

⇒ 2x + 3y = 6

………[4]

on comparing eq. [3] and eq. [4]

⇒ 12 – 4y = 18 – 9y

⇒ 5y = 6

………[5]

by using eq. [5] in eq. [3]

  Login
………[6]

by eq. [5] and [6]

verifying the result by eq. [1]

L.H.S

verifying the result by eq. [2]

L.H.S

Question 6.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations by the method of comparison and check whether the solutions
satisfy the equations.

4x – 3y = 18

4y – 5x = –7

Answer:
 4x – 3y = 18 ………[1]

  Login
4y – 5x = - 7 ………[2]

by eq. [1]

4x – 3y = 18

⇒ 4x = 18 + 3y

………[3]

by eq. [2]

4y – 5x = - 7

⇒ 5x = 4y + 7

………[4]

on comparing eq. [3] and eq. [4]

⇒ 90 + 15y = 28 + 16y

⇒ y = 62 ………[5]

by using eq. [5] in eq. [3]

………[6]

by eq. [5] and [6]

verifying the result by eq. [1]

 L.H.S
  Login

verifying the result by eq. [2]

L.H.S

Question 7.
Let us solve the simultaneous equations 2x + y = 8 and 2y – 3x = –5 by the method of comparison and justify them by
solving graphically.

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable.

2x + y = 8

………[1]

2y – 3x = –5

⇒ 3x = 2y + 5

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

 ⇒24 – 3y = 4y + 10  Login

⇒7y = 14

⇒ y = 2 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

Let’s make the graphs of given linear equations,

We get the following tables for the given linear equations.

For 2x + y = 8

y = 8 – 2x

For 2y - 3x = - 5

Plotting these points on a graph and joining them, we get two straight lines.

  Login

From the graph, we can see that both lines intersect at (3, 2), hence the solution to this pair is (3, 2).

Question 8.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

3x – 2y = 2

7x + 3y = 43

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

3x – 2y = 2

………[1]

7x + 3y = 43

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 14y + 14 = 129 – 9y

⇒ 23y = 115

⇒ y = 5 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

  Login

⇒x=4

Question 9.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

2x – 3y = 8

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

2x – 3y = 8

………[1]

⇒ 3x + 3y = 7x – 7y

⇒ 4x = 10y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 8 + 3y = 5y

⇒ 2y = 8

⇒ y = 4 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

⇒ x = 10


 Login

Question 10.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

⇒ 4x – 4y = 3y – 3

⇒ 4x = 7y – 3

………[1]

⇒ 4x – 5y = 7x – 49

⇒ 3x = 49 – 5y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 21y – 9 = 196 – 20y

⇒ 41y = 205

⇒ y = 5 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

  Login

Question 11.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

⇒ 5x + 5 = 4y + 4

………[1]

⇒ 2x – 10 = y – 5

⇒ 2x = 5 + y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 8y – 2 = 25 + 5y

⇒ 3y = 27

⇒ y = 9 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

 ⇒x=7
  Login

Question 12.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

x + y = 11

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

x + y = 11

………[1]

⇒ 8y + 16 = 10y + x

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 16 – 2y = 11 – y

⇒ y = 5 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

⇒ x = 11 – y

⇒ x = 11 - 5

⇒x=6

Question 13.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

2x + 4y = 11

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

  Login

⇒ 4x + 3y = 12

………[1]

2x + 4y = 11

⇒ 2x = 11 – 4y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 24 – 6y = 44 – 16y

⇒ 10y = 20

⇒ y = 2 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

Question 14.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

 ⇒ xy + 2 = 7y
 Login

………[1]

⇒ 2xy – 6 = 9y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 14y – 4 = 9y + 6

⇒ 5y = 10

⇒ y = 2 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

⇒x=6

Question 15.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

  Login

⇒ 6y + 6x = 5xy

⇒ x(5y - 6) = 6y

………[1]

⇒ 6y – 6x = xy

⇒ x(y + 6) = 6y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ y + 6 = 5y – 6

⇒ 4y = 12

⇒ y = 3 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

Question 16.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

  Login

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

⇒ x + y = 2xy

⇒ x(2y - 1) = y

………[1]

⇒ x – y = xy

⇒ x(1 – y) = y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 2y – 1 = 1 – y

⇒ 3y = 2

………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

 Question 17.
 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:
 Login

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

⇒ 4x + 4y + 5x – 5y = 20× 5

⇒ 9x – y = 100

………[1]

⇒ 5x + 5y + 4x – 4y = 116

⇒ 9x = 116 - y

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 2y = 16

⇒ y = 8 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

  Login

Question 18.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

⇒ 8 – xy = - 2x

⇒ x(y – 2) = 8

………[1]

⇒ 8 + 2xy = 10x

⇒ x(10 – 2y) = 8

………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ 10 – 2y = y – 2

⇒ 3y = 12

⇒ y = 4 ………[3]

by using [3] in [1]

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⇒x=4

Question 19.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of comparison:

2 – 2(3x – y) = 10

10(4 – y) – 5x = 4(y – x)

Answer:
expressing the equations in terms of one variable

2 – 2(3x – y) = 10

⇒ 2 – 6x + 2y = 10

⇒ 6x = 2y – 8

dividing by 3 on both sides.

⇒ 3x = y – 4

………[1]

10(4 – y) – 5x = 4(y – x)

⇒ 40 – 10y – 5x = 4y – 4x

⇒ x + 14y = 40

⇒ x = 40 – 14y ………[2]

by comparing eq. [1] and eq. [2]

⇒ y – 4 = 120 – 42y

………[3]


 by using [3] in [1]

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Let Us Work Out 5.5

Question 1.

Let us express x of the equation in terms of the variable y.

Answer:
We have to express x of the equation in terms of y.

∴ x of the given equation in terms of variable y is .

Question 2.

Let us write the value of x by putting instead of y in the equation 2x + 3y = 9.

Answer:
Given let be put instead of y in the equation 2x + 3y = 9.

We have to find the value of x.

  Login

⇒ 22x – 21 = 9 (5)

⇒ 22x – 21 = 45

⇒ 22x = 45 + 21

⇒ 22x = 66

⇒x=3

∴ Value of x is 3.

Question 3.
Let us solve the following equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check them graphically.

3x – y = 7

2x + 4y = 0

Answer:
Given 3x – y = 7 … (1)

2x + 4y = 0 … (2)

Expressing y of equation (1) in terms of x,

⇒ 3x – y = 7

⇒ 3x - 7 = y … (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 2x + 4y = 0

⇒ 2x + 4 (3x – 7) = 0


 ⇒ 2x + 12x – 28 = 0
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⇒ 14x – 28 = 0

⇒ 14x = 28

∴x=2

Substituting x value in (3),

⇒ 3x – 7 = y

⇒ 3 (2) – 7 = y

∴ y = -1

∴ By solving, we get x = 2 and y = -1.

Justification:

Generally, we substitute x = 0 or y = 0 in the given linear equations to get y and x. So we get two points on the straight
line. To find more points on the line, take different values of x related to it, we get different values for y from the
equation.

We get the following tables for the given linear equations.

For 3x – y = 7

⇒ y = 3x – 7

For 2x + 4y = 0

⇒ x = -2y

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Plotting these points on a graph and joining them, we get two straight lines.

From the graph, we can see that both lines intersect at (2, -1), hence the solution to this pair is (2, -1).

Hence x and y values satisfy equations (1) and (2).

Question 4.
Let us solve the following equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check them graphically.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

  Login

⇒ 12 + 4y = 2 (12)

⇒ 12 + 4y = 24

⇒ 4y = 24 – 12

∴y=3

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=2

∴ By solving, we get x = 2 and y = 3.

Justification:

Generally, we substitute x = 0 or y = 0 in the given linear equations to get y and x. So we get two points on the straight
line. To find more points on the line, take different values of x related to it, we get different values for y from the
equation.

We get the following tables for the given linear equations.

For

  Login

For

∴ x = 8 – 2y

Plotting these points on a graph and joining them, we get two straight lines.

From the graph, we can see that both lines intersect at (2, 3), hence the solution to this pair is (2, 3).

Hence we can say that x and y values satisfy equations (1) and (2).

Question 5.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check whether
the solutions satisfy the equations.

 Answer:
 Login

… (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 12 (5y – 19) = 11 (2y)

⇒ 60y – 228 = 22y

⇒ 60y – 22y = 228

⇒ 38y = 228

⇒ y = 228/ 38

∴y=6

Substituting y value in (3),



  Login

∴ x = 1/4

∴ By solving, we get x = 1/4 and y = 6.

Justification:

(1) -

⇒1=1

And (2) -

∴ We can see x = 1/4 and y = 6 satisfy equations (1) and (2).

Question 6.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check whether
the solutions satisfy the equations.

Answer:
 Given … (1)
  Login

And

… (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 6 (10y + 5) = 35 (2y)

⇒ 60y + 30 = 70y

⇒ 30 = 70y – 60y

⇒ 30 = 10y

⇒ y = 30/ 10


 ∴y=3  Login

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=2

∴ By solving, we get x = 2 and y = 3.

Justification:

(1) -

⇒1+1=2

⇒2=2

And (2) -

∴ We can see that x = 2 and y = 3 satisfy equations (1) and (2).

Question 7.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check whether
the solutions satisfy the equations.


 Login

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

⇒ x + y = 3xy

∴ x = 3xy – y … (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 3xy – 2y = xy

⇒ 3xy – xy = 2y

⇒ 2xy = 2y

∴x=1

Substituting x value in (3),

⇒ x = 3xy – y

⇒ 1 = 3(1) y – y

⇒ 1 = 3y – y

⇒ 1 = 2y


 ∴ y = 1/2
 Login

∴ By solving, x = 1 and y = 1/2.

Justification:

(1) -

⇒3=3

And (2) -

⇒1=1

∴ We can see that x = 1 and y = 1/2 satisfy equations (1) and (2).

Question 8.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution and check whether
the solutions satisfy the equations.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (2) in terms of y,



  Login

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (1),

Substituting y value in (3),

∴ x = 1/2

 ∴ By solving, we get x = 1/2 and

  Login

Justification:

(1) -

And (2) -

∴ We can see that x = 1/2 and satisfy the equations (1) and (2).

Question 9.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

2(x – y) = 3

5x + 8y = 14

Answer:
Given 2 (x – y) = 3

⇒ 2x – 2y = 3 … (1)

And 5x + 8y = 14 … (2)

Expressing x of (1) in terms of y,



 ⇒ 2x – 2y = 3
 Login

⇒ 2x = 3 + 2y

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 5x + 8y = 14

⇒ 15 + 26y = 28

⇒ 26y = 28 – 15

⇒ 26y = 13

⇒ y = 13/ 26

∴ y = 1/2

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=2

∴ By solving, we get x = 2 and y = 1/2.

Question 10.
 Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

 Login

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 21y – 15 = 6y

⇒ 21y – 6y = 15

⇒ 15y = 15

∴y=1

Substituting y value in (3),



  Login

∴x=1

∴ By solving, we get x = 1 and y = 1.

Question 11.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

  Login

⇒ 12 + 5y = 18

⇒ 5y = 18 – 12

⇒ 5y = 6

∴y=

Substituting y value in (3),

∴ By solving, we get and .

Question 12.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

7x – 5y = 2

Answer:
Given … (1)

And 7x – 5y = 2 … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

 … (3)
  Login

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 7x – 5y = 2

∴y=8

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=6

∴ By solving, we get x = 6 and y = 8.

Question 13.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

  Login

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 20 (3y – 11) = 19 (2y)

⇒ 60y - 220 = 38y

⇒ 220 = 60y – 38y

⇒ 220 = 22y

⇒ y = 220/ 22

∴ y = 10

Substituting y value in (3),

  Login

∴x=4

∴ By solving, we get x = 4 and y = 10.

Question 14.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

  Login

⇒ 4 (2y – 3) = 7 (7y – 31)

⇒ 8y – 12 = 49y - 217

⇒ 217 – 12 = 49y – 8y

⇒ 205 = 41y

∴y=5

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=8

∴ By solving, we get x = 8 and y = 5.

Question 15.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

Answer:
Given … (1)

And … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

  Login

… (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ 630 – 62y = 72

⇒ 630 – 72 = 62y

⇒ 558 = 62y

∴y=9

Substituting y value in (3),

∴x=7


 ∴ By solving, we get x = 7 and y = 9.

 Login

Question 16.
Let us solve the following simultaneous equations in two variables by the method of substitution.

p(x + y) = q(x – y) = 2pq

Answer:
p (x + y) = q (x – y) = 2pq

⇒ px + py = 2pq … (1)

⇒ qx – qy = 2pq … (2)

Expressing x of equation (1) in terms of y,

⇒ px + py = 2pq

⇒ px = 2pq – py

⇒ x = 2q – y … (3)

Substituting (3) in (2),

⇒ q (2q – y) – qy = 2pq

⇒ q (2q – y – y) = 2pq

⇒ 2q – 2y = 2p

⇒ 2 (q – y) = 2p

⇒q–y=p

∴y=p–q

Substituting y value in (3),

⇒ x = 2q – y

⇒ x = 2q – (p – q)

∴ x = 3q – p

 ∴ By solving, we get x = 3q – p and y = p – q.

  Login

Let Us Work Out 5.6

Question 1.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

8x + 5y = 1

3x – 4y = 10

Answer:
8x + 5y - 1 = 0

3x - 4y - 10 = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

and

Question 2.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

3x – 4y = 1

4x = 3y + 6

Answer:
3x - 4y - 1 = 0

4x - 3y - 6 = 0


  Login

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = 3 and y = 2

Question 3.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

5x + 3y = 11

2x – 7y = –12

Answer:
5x + 3y - 11 = 0

2x - 7y + 12 = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

  Login
So, and

⇒ x = 1 and y = 2

Question 4.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

7x – 3y – 31 = 0

9x – 5y – 41 = 0

Answer:

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = 4 and y = - 1

Question 5.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

Answer:

⇒ x - 2y = 24 (Multiplying both sides by 6)

⇒ x - 2y - 24 = 0

 ⇒ x - 8y - 48 = 0 (Multiplying both sides by 12)

 Login

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = 16 and y = - 4

Question 6.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

Answer:

⇒ 3x + 5y = 0 (Multiplying both sides by 15)

⇒ 15x - 20y - 9 = 0 (Multiplying both sides by 60)

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

 Putting the values, we get:

  Login

So, and

⇒ x = 1/3 and y = ( - 1/5)

Question 7.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

Answer:

⇒ 4(x + 2) + 7(y - x) = 28(2x - 8) (Multiplying both sides by 28)

⇒ 59x - 7y - 232 = 0

⇒ (2y - 3x) + 6y = 3(3x + 4) (Multiplying both sides by 3)

⇒ 12x - 8y + 12 = 0

⇒ 3x - 2y + 3 = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

  Login

So, and

⇒ x = 5 and y = 9

Question 8.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

x + 5y = 36

Answer:
x + 5y - 36 = 0

⇒ 3(x + y) = 5(x - y) (Cross Multiplication)

⇒ 2x - 8y = 0

⇒ x - 4y = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

 ⇒ x = 16 and y = 4
  Login

Question 9.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

13x – 12y + 15 = 0

8x – 7y = 0

Answer:

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = 21 and y = 24

Question 10.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

x + y = 2b

x – y = 2a

Answer:
x + y - 2b = 0

x - y - 2a = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

  Login

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = (a + b) and y = (b - a)

Question 11.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

x – y = 2a

ax + by = a2 + b2

Answer:
x - y - 2a = 0

ax + by - (a2 + b2) = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = (a + b) and y = (b - a)


 Login

Question 12.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

ax – by = a2 – b2

Answer:

⇒ bx + ay = 2ab (Multiplying both sides by ab)

⇒ bx + ay - 2ab = 0

ax - by - (a2 - b2) = 0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

⇒ x = a and y = b

Question 13.
Let us solve the following simultaneous linear equations in two variables by applying cross multiplication method.

ax + by = 1

Answer:
 ax + by - 1 = 0
  Login

bx + ay - =0

To solve the equation by cross multiplication method, we use:

Putting the values, we get:

So, and

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