HELLO FRIENDS!

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

01
 CATEGORIES

1. Earthmoving equipment
2. Construction vehicles
3. Material handling equipment
4. Construction equipment
03
 Used in the construction
industry to:

1. Move large amounts

EARTH MOVING of earth.
EQUIPMENT 2. Dig foundations and
landscape areas
EXCAVATOR
- It is a heavy construction equipment consisting of a
boom, stick, bucket and a cab on a rotating platform (known
as the “house”).

-excellent for hard

digging conditions

Excavating trenches,
holes, and foundations
The most common uses for an excavator include:

-Material handling
-Brush cutting with hydraulic attachments
-Demolition
-Rough grading
-Heavy lifting and pipe installation
-Mining
-River dredging
LOADER
- Used extensively in construction work to handle and
transport bulk material, such as earth and rock

to load trucks
to excavate earth
to charge aggregate bins
at asphalt and concrete
plants
 CRAWLER MOUNTING
- particularly suitable for
crawling over relatively rugged
surfaces at a job site

WHEEL MOUNTING
- provide greater mobility
between job sites, but require
better surfaces for their
operation 09
 Skid Loader

A small rigid frame, engine powered machine with lift

arms used to attach a wide variety of labor-saving tools
or attachments.
The most common uses for an skid loader include:

Snow Clearing
Excavating
Construction
Landscaping
Trenching and Digging
GRADER
also commonly referred to
as a road grader, a blade, a
maintainer, or a motor
grader, is a construction
machine with a long blade
used to create a flat surface.
This is used for light curing,
spreading, and finish work
on soils.
BACKHOE
- also called a rear actor or back actor, is a piece of
excavating equipment or digger consisting of digging bucket
on the end of a two part articulated arm.

They are typically mounted

on the back of a tractor or
front loader.

10
BULLDOZER
- is a crawler (continuous
tracked tractor) equipped with a
substantial metal plate (known as
a blade) used to push large
quantities of soil, sand, rubble, or
other such material during
construction or conversion work
and typically equipped at the rear
This is Suitable for moving soil
with a claw-like device (known as
for short distances only, up to
a ripper) to loosen densely-
about 50 meters.
compacted materials.
ANGLE DOZER
- The blade mounted on this
tractor can be rotated about a
vertical axis as well as raised
and lowered to permit side
casting of materials
PUSH DOZER
- It approaches the scraper from behind and engages a push
block on the rear of the scraper with a push blade
SCRAPER
- A wheel-tractor scraper is a piece of heavy equipment
used for earthmoving (loading transport and spreading of
soil).

The rear part has a

vertically moveable
hopper with a sharp
horizontal front
edge.
Though they are designed for a specific purpose, they can also
perform tasks such as:

Excavation
Levelling
Loading
Hauling
Dumping
Cutting to grade
 Heavy-duty vehicles,
specially designed for
CONSTRUCTION executing construction
VEHICLES (Civil Engineering) tasks,
most frequently, one’s
involving earth moving.
DUMPERS
- A dumper is a vehicle
designed for carrying bulk
material, often on building sites.
Dumpers are distinguished from
dump trucks by configuration: a
dumper is usually an open 4-
wheeled vehicle with the load
skip in front of the driver,
while a DUMP TRUCK has its cab in front of the load.
TRIPPERS
- A truck or lorry the rear platform of which can be raised
at the front end to enable the load to be discharged by gravity
also called tip truck
TRAILER
- A trailer is generally an unpowered vehicle pulled by a
powered vehicle. Commonly, the term trailer refers to such
vehicles used for transport of goods and materials.
PICK-UP TRUCK
- This vehicles
generally assigned to
supervisory personnel
handling both personnel
transport and light
hauling requirements
associated with a
project
MATERIAL HANDLING
EQUIPMENT
CRANE
– A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with
a hoist, wire ropes, or chains and sheaves (grooved pulley-
wheel for changing direction of a wire rope’s pull) that can
be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them
horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and
transporting them to other places
TOWER CRANE MOBILE CRANE
Forklifts
- Sometimes called a forklift
truck, the forklift is a powerful
industrial truck that is used to
lift and transport material by
steel forks that are inserted
under the load. Forklifts are
commonly used to move loads
and equipment that is stored
on pallets.
LIFTING EQUIPMENT
- also known as lifting gear, is a general term for any
equipment that can be used to lift loads. This includes jacks,
block and tackle, hoists,rotating screws, gantries, A frames,
gin poles, shear legs, sheer leg, windlasses, lifting harnesses,
fork lifts, hydraulic lifting pads, air lift bags, and cranes
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
CONCRETE MIXER
- (also commonly called a cement mixer) is a device that
homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand
or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete
mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For
smaller volume works portable concrete mixers are often
used so that the concrete can be made at the construction
site, giving the workers ample time to use the concrete
before it hardens.
CONCRETE MIXER
CONCRETE PUMP
- is a machine used for transferring liquid concrete by
pumping. Boom pumps are used on most of the larger
construction projects as they are capable of pumping at very
high volumes and because of the labour saving nature of the
placing boom
COMPACTORS
- These are used to consolidate soils in fills, road bases, etc
AIR COMPRESSORS AND PUMPERS
- are widely used as the power sources for construction
tools and equipment. Common pneumatic construction
tools include drills, hammers, grinders, saws, wrenches,
staple guns, sandblasting guns, and concrete vibrators.
Pumps are used to supply water or to dewater at
construction sites and to provide water jets for some types
of construction.
EQUIPMENT PRODUCTION RATE
Two basic functions of Construction Equipment:

1. operators such as cranes, graders, etc. which stay

within the confines of the construction site

2. haulers such as dump trucks, ready mixed concrete

truck, etc. which transport materials to
and from the site.
Daily Standard Production Rate of Hauler
Example 1: Daily standard production rate of a power shovel
A power shovel with a dipper of one cubic yard capacity has a
standard operating cycle time of 30 seconds. Find the daily
standard production rate of the shovel.

For Ce = 1 cu. yd., Te = 30 sec. and He = 8 hours, the daily

standard production rate is found
from Eq. (4.6) as follows:
Example 2: Daily standard production rate of a dump truck
A dump truck with a capacity of 6 cubic yards is used to dispose of
excavated materials at a dump site 4 miles away. The average speed
of the dump truck is 30 mph and the dumping time is 30 seconds.
Find the daily standard production rate of the truck. If a fleet of
dump trucks of this capacity is used to dispose of the excavated
materials in Example 4-9 for 8 hours per day, determine the
number of trucks needed daily, assuming a swell factor of 1.1 for
the soil.

The daily standard production rate of a dump truck

Jeremiah 29:11
For I know the thoughts that I think toward you,
says the Lord, thoughts of peace and not of evil, to
give you a future and a hope. (nkjv)
THANK YOU!

Prepared by Group 5