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Advanced Calculus 1-Lect1

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86 views

Advanced Calculus 1-Lect1

Uploaded by

tifa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FSCS SSS EEE EEE EEE EESEESEFEETIIETESSSSIISESELUBBY @ Apvanced CALCULUS 4 4) Furetions of Several variables A fonction of two voriables a wle thot assigns a Ol rurnter Fly) te exch ordered par of rea! numbers (ry) 9 the dornain of the function. We sometmes umte f; DER? 3k For instance, Likewise , a function of thee voriables 1s a rule that assgns 2 rey nareber tlr4.2) tp each ordered friple of rex! ounbers “Wy,yt) 00 te domain DCR? of He Loretian. We soreetimes ute $f: DCRR For instance » £lx,ys2)= ry? cos(al gltigyt) = B2x* 3 yee) 2: flog) é we flnya) ( Piedevendont voribie gen ——* dependent variate Yaepenter? variobes EK: Find the domoic of tee fanctiors given teow 4) $b0g) = kr ly xt - Oy?) GO gig) Crag? + ly-¥ (ee) Soy) 4 fux?-y* fir) eCay)s leg Gey) Sl Wing 2 a0 9 Y-P-ly?0 2 eeugrey aged emps) are 7 Z Gi) per90 ard yy" 20 Preensn ag ot ty? (aed) $y) tet =y?>0 ey)laciy)e | pd > 604 yx0 “OKO A YO Pekiaiben’ Neightorbood of a faint of ariel A enprtortent'e goin Tee aset of te tem 17: Ne-iet | stee § « ame nunie greter than sero. Dekinitin: The interior of 0 Set A point 101s Sait to be an interior pant of OMe the set © anmans some eighbor boos) OF Fh The set of at meror. pants of © cates the mteroy of © t 2 neighborhood of Definition: The bouraacy of 2 ot /—-A point fe" 1s said t0 be 0 boundary pomnt of the cet © i ewy neghlorkod of 7% coioins points that a ae @ ord potnts that ore rot in ©.The se! of an bewcony paints of © ts cated the tourdory of Q) ‘ | C2) 4 rw sgpie st Ie 2 bn tly ye! +a) 22 raagtet! eg! Cotes of tus g) Soe eeeee oO Ae oO ys oO 7 / ie opened dic chsed aise 2 a c yoo -yra c pa wale gaat Debaltioas Deleted nejgheorboodt A reightorheod of a reat cure Ze is by depiniton oct of the fem fF: F-EIeS uke @ eo” ses) ve camber, This Just on open intena’ centered of fe 16 we remove fa) trom the se} , ue otton “2 see BIB. G28) 90h ati Laled 0 debhed reighbahesd of Debiaitiaa, Formal Deginiban of Lianté fet ©) be cefinad an tte intenor of 9 cicle centered ot the point layla), except possibly ot (a,b) ‘tele We soy Heat dion Sleiy) sb iF for every EO hee ests 0 $90 such Hod Mie yee vagiton) sor wherever 0« Sve! Bek ocleal 2 Nevo a (ue ute wet CE hoes tne ) ) Figs datinvon of Lint . inne BY 4) ing *he DD hin pegsd ae 1 ten Ley ton sgaseg ope Ex:2) Fig tim Pang bylnt0ol Gag 4) i) tim 4 02043 2-4 te) tm oy Mera a5, 3-04 geon4 apie Set Rework: We sinply sibstinte the * ord y values of the port beng opproadiec! into the Lanctive! seprecsion 40 Hod Ihe being value 2) hin MUL «0, (e400) [Pe Recreate G2: If 10,8) tes fo the interior of {fs domn + fey) can apprach Laie) from any ditecton, For y the tenit to east , the some deritrg ln must be abtoned wiateer dicechO Of oDpraach 'S token Two Path Test for _Aonexistence of a Liewit fee Fath Test for _Nonexistence of a Limit Wo function $%y) tas asserene ums long twa different. paths n te dorrain o as Cay) appectes leosye) then iin fay) does vot etet Laglrben ye) i 7 Gc fey), aes gifts) enst? fi ; fi 4 eve © (00) > (0,1) olsoyh Yad ve a aM Yo ile gptgmabyahie amv. Oa £ a Gearon ee UE La does rot east ————__ ik ate. — - thik ic ella | ti) dim I urdepred N 2 tt) Ang the yer 3 flank ote flo + lie 2 tm tad ¥ mo ao Serle bu senioe sor oe eee c : @) Along they seme Af Ce,me) » toe 4 die $time) 2 dim te time DS. in varies Sa the bent - +o we vores. Werth ches eat en! Recrem: Sipe tot Htlery)-LI< ghey) foro? (vy) 9 ste ieee of ame Cath contend of touy) exceOt possibly. at Lays). It. 4m glviag) 20 then eer Hoy sD os fagain (opto) ) Betis din Ad apna MSP © Ary te gon? é@) 20, £20, evey)-tt foe Foe | \ apo ti 9b:1y)« Lim |kl=0 9 Lim Ixle §) yee ER! Chow that the function “finy)= 2x%y bos no lanl as bey 3 dim $09! = tim 2 if Hf ents (003 #3 jo yf F327? dint! 9). bn 2. tie 2 ¥ m0 wor” 9 poem $8610 9 velewiee — Owes <é Oelywleb ely s Uxt\0[¢ 6 tut (by theareni| y|rgt) | ty of uraces fe yotosmok, payiey) tical dager Biyor £o yom By yinen Peg yarn yg? yotyone) it Pigyare [ef 3 ‘uxt [ae i (27 | Cote Cue rey Dleug-6 a Se KH, SF Llrj et) = 2282 5 Him Ble) tim Bet > Fg} 2 Og tim plOyle diem 0. ye ho yo 3 die flaele din 2 2 tm pe we Be LAU door not enist wet Set ha ea =) by asing Loran’ decintton a Lait y) epprescres te (0.0) din La Dy ay { } fmm 0= Opts } +9 met oO © . O) | tt Find hin rysy? 8 i erists? & ps0. page é : 4 eile \ ueagh ( avis does rot bd we (fog the "G20) Fics os aam'etwais am Bos tiposoes Rid A? tet fo aD 2)! alese Hoe to = Pere Barty gine tee ated aly a> Sea "Ex. ” : iddiorg the yzmx > Llrmx)a mvisied Lip Mrs tor cot teat). am FE on eet gal Cp ieee ae So ied) nO WN RE ' thaw ty + Cn) ORGS Lanai} dorian, Be: BR UE Wy weg te fort. depntton op td. Cah “ie Bot eat : ‘ Lmetratixneg Meter) =slee i 4 terres . ‘ Ton Ette te pat 4 Mas) extebe 4 pag, beat esieaees A Srreye$tt — -2esucaye dey 1 a = nance SPUR xe 5e Sous ig > ere t ‘ ec ripatsicte) Sb 0. 5 [ete 2y- Sle fa Jats p cee 7 ly-ale £ "Cet 4 aly-2) 4 deott gS 1 e€ 8 Vn? 421y-2)4 aleDlce i Cg "| | Wei 1 + at 2h tat +2g < 5h Ey & &, | —<2F_ ep es eu a U ‘ _ i ia e Ee: Galore tim oT 4 § | 4 feopatyo 9 ca a a He ; Mog He ext 9 Beetle 1S bem bleed). tin tlar ¢- ory # es et fey feet) = tin Sul) « tim t a . e ti) Along the x ants $64.0) a3 dim £40). die 2 ino. 9212 8 3 O35 Sra et 5) Fit) ride —) bpan i Ta i va Se et yl nae ot 2 metho 8 a. + + ~ —-) 9 6 yf) Nog, the. gem 4A Bixee s les) phim tale an cttn te vanes, 59 dict) e 7 Keser | SLL Peplaee tort “Tee | obs. Vets joerc | SSESSSSESUEUI SSE Oe SSeS 54S SS Special \inits. CBagie Vanoble Funesord @ 4) tim gins 08 2) Aim tox -¢ wo 3) 4m Gattes) «4 x 0 ER Evaluate tim wt? | toe 9-00) (alg 4) Along the gerne!) 9 Slembils tt} loeb tm dor. Nr 0» O24, (ore emt OP mek TAY Gym Ceca te) Along tra") bs feo),s eldae 9 tim UD be. dim trite 0 = ba ven? wat Gyetye eat D Alege foe XEN, fd: 1 & a Pret: £0 beetle & i fteapl= lee $2 (2)90 lyeole [justia ole went. gt w [tou derbi et ty) (rata ence let by theorem @ > tim Uuncl~dnt2o — tim witan eo — \ Meghoat.0) Pipdattiol (OMAGH \ = } ‘os |hagl < Vd O be 1411 e beg y etl | Wal OE a Fees Hferation Limit, : (ord ity say’ vesiginde. conve aynigse (m= yor chyenicaa ovo sane forkigsa Wen! yoe) 4 fg) © bm Fe tarstoy 26 (+ hart whe Aion Bele br 9) 7 ¢ Oe { [4 88 ne tt gee im tbe) «dim | bm bide» ben Vy)o la Sait enish testo ge)” gage § ran yep atyl to Changing tre Polar Goordinates’ 1 yor con not mate ony rendway with din Ley) x rectargtor coord rates , #1 charging 79 Fm Gainey ign.) Y @ | | Hf Ula, dim does riot Oost > ® Ker @i8 | Polar mordeate citsttde polar cordnale ond lanestgate the Knit of the resuming ysecind- | enpresson of rao ffe-@%0, 1.278) oe Gren £30, there exist 0 S20 guth trot for al) 6 ord B@. : [rhs } (8) LPG Ol-tle ke s Wf 20th on © eet, ser fin fag) «bin flecos®, 1.200) = for meas) eeeervecreere Ht Show thar 4m ao by using the paler coordinates ory (ryiatod $ley) = ree » Tr 03s ,rsno)< Sse ecto 9 fin -as38 = O2b ref S2r30@ a [r.caF0-ol cll leosol <§. res ae, 9 |Ao-o phe cixlé S28 a Hirer ey Laeegt Lae | = a EE! Saivate bm Saree fepd)=t05.0} ) 2 Lfeo0)2 4 a tm li00) = Lim * ro 0 @) Along the x-ax's (y=0, a) Along Wee g-00% (%m0, $20) 4 $00,010) 2 32 tiny M002) 2 tim ery i a & Sr i ee oO Ea: bin Bho (galstera ; oe a 4) Along the xeyetak 4 flak? 4 fin tis tinhad =) | enit ees pot ext ) dé) Atorg the 2-0 4 1000-0 2 dir ds dmoz 0=tr = Gao 8s, “Seo 2 2GL: Find fio Fagh by using the polar coorcirates Gaya ) 1 xer.cs8 $B (e090, 0.508) = pLicoth = co 3 din cos?O - 0579 if 8 values, so bin't des ot exist. singe S f el? hee. kt 12 2h Gs VIE © G a a ti 2 8 )—U4,0,-1) » ot Sarelwich Theorem ( Squee te Theorem) c : a The sandwich theorem for functions af tuo wormbles states thal if gtegls fle) shbey) for ‘2 on Gayl # (to.ye) mo die centered ot (toys) and if g ort h haw a some {ite number L ‘2 °o 05 (ay) + b00, ye) then hin, ditrg) = b 2 (Di Find Lim yg. anft) 4 “yhoo wpe femfsek + templet a segaldied go ay mth «dey > 7 2 Si tm s(t] 20, ghwoo) YSOD yr umibsy 9 tm -4> Lim a old) > tin 4 =, tim 4.50(1) <0, feiatoo) fyh-t00) igh t02) (e=630) a ——~ S ° Goatiouity. Ole aagle vain functors : Lin (x) = L1¥0) (commnuity) a Definition: A funchor f (ey) 15 wnrnuous a the point to, yo) Ut I ® 4 depined at (vo,yo) 5 46) sin $069) exists , | 4 function 'S continuous if 1f ts enkinuoas at ety port of (altieyged 145 domains iin {ley) = $0, 40) thy hing) ~ Wng) € 10,0) 5 rot cantmuows at (0,0) Bienky i beg) = (00) etbyPinid) = PbO 4, =u4 fag reet wade 6 vnits 50 Gnit fon ig 900 vor Critt, Hes ¢ 2 o3F tng An = OD) : OC ROE p Hoa) = O¢ BX iy, eee dim BR = dm E Lats aj opatend — aheteny ~ & pe hd thal Hehe ie Bin ook On wit : @ ~ 10) Polar Coordinate Transfarx >) “ ek) OW xa r.c0s8]ples6, cin)» tr8).Ir.sn0) « cos. sin® « in26 Lor £ sn20 gerne J 1 te 2g dE since 8 varies, therefore bind t wori’s <2 Nit does not enst Airo 4613) 441010) > £15 rot ot oo at (0,0) _ =k + Show that flrig)= JY, (rg) + (0/0) ey 18.@ntinuouy at (00) Oj n | denglin tose) eeceeeddrecerrererrreere 4 C049) - (100). 000% ] 80, $560 ent ——— IONE § —., td -tle ey fig of ee ly-ol ef lee pig #0 | ian Bis Potor coordinate Tons. EPO S690 sles Al llresB,r-sno)-Cl ef $0.18, (i068) =£2 coi an ¢ r S226 tin tlegan w 52 ries! Noe shag] gylenzel < | (Korteayne 3 4 Mmy eo, > G08 nO eae = i! eK Ty ft - (Lt a x : Partial Derivatives (wae! % IF Wher we hold) al! tut one of the iedepenient variables of @ func#?> constant ord dHferenmate with respect to thad_one wnabe , we get a —“porhel " deruatve dl eI Pactiat Derivatives of 0 Functor ok Tua Vonables Foose) 2 point nm te derrom of a fupctar fly), the vertical plane ye so yl cut the Surface 2=8(iy) 1S He cave 22 F 1%) yo) Hig A) The cue is the graph of the function 2=tir.go) ) 7 the — plane y=yo.. The honitonial Covidiate in this plane 1: x, the verti aordvet: 5 2. Y-valwe iS held constant of Yo w not 9 ranable “d+ ordinary deniative Symbol H “Ok portiar cknirative. syyrbot Sononeonnneraaanarrtennee A) rnp chev 3 _ verbal ans in the plone y=yp <— tangent tine a 2-leye) a ftey! Definition : The portal detvotve ob fey) wilm respect ¥ Kab the point (evry) i | a Lin Hl tetb b= fees x tty h An equaled epesion {0 the partial deniotive ** attesph | \sanrol ronations for the partial ato di deria tives tlt? or — Fe l¥nyel a| and fe (Ob oF BR ‘ a 9 lovey) a an Definition : The paral derivative of #le.y) with respeck ty at the paint (rarge) ae mrs "tm £testnse) = tee) * 9y Wray ay Meany) eo & Et: Find the values of BL ord AE of the pot uy-5) if Heigl X24 Bry tyet x ay ae | xt dys 8-15 9x Vers) at le derl= 8, ; . ay bud Bes Orin gh os afictin eH) +4 sntey! y ai) Fed fr ond ty 0s Sunchon if ley) = 22 — yee pis ax 4 12 te) Fra ae it the functin geo Ge vty detnes 01 o function of the fun indeperdenb @ variables ¥ ond y ‘oral the pertial. dervatives exist ‘ 4 ) BE 2 snteyh + gee. (reas Gry) Ee iA i 1 TSS ay : E zl ‘ 1 Sa, Bon antes URES EREEE TF GEararie “arte Sie tO) sel= b+ geoy . 42y sey Ha)» 2 tyseriy 199 Jeet (yr cosel* (gtease) (gree) (gros) Ht) 22 2 dere sre inate a (0.4 +4.0e\ ae x Or gunetion wrt ® Ex it}the plore y=l integee: 40 the poratola of (1,2,5)_ DK GY and a ‘are indeperce voriobles ond Flay ader Sinlytie), the fd of t * eae a eeae eee eee ea eee ete a EE eg a 1 9s pa tees zy : ee i aa Lert: vet 4 aeetty’ dels dys Wecbpe aa i 8g tay | etwas a cere — Es ar Payette a dele ay] 2 & espe Sol Gets © Bf = OF8.¥ coslys a) = Le SRT tI See ct te er 4 - 4 der Pacha hve isk i ~ i. aaah itll BEE OF bees EE or ley i a ant - ay® we aie jhe al ae 4 DL or fy, od PE or fy E « ‘avay ayo al » Xa) 2 [at ® (33 ae . ? : 7 i 7 [10.40 c ) The dived = Derivative Theorem ( Clairaut ~ SehwareTheoran) — i 4 2 tleayl ond its pornar dinates pes fy» try ed ye are defined Heoughouy 2 opin tei contonny « « @ poiat(0,b) ord ore a mntioveru. of fous) then 's A « ) 4 GUGUGEELECLLULEULLE PSPS HSS CSCUCEGEEELEEUULEEEE Ex find ge By Buoy fyege plage) <4 = Ley? e tty + ate 3 BEL Urge tet ‘Oar. qi 22 {Pt}. -e ay | ager! @ Linear Appronmatont , Diff &entiabity ard Diffrentias : Lliig) % bboy) « florb) + tela) use Uley) 1p appeonimate valves of slery) neor lajb) ry Cecal + tylonbl. [y-b) 15 the linearizanon of § at orb). we on @ yo la)e Cia). t-0) 2 [y= flo) + £9) tera) » U0] Saar 8 pein? a ot Ek: ind an opproninaie valve for ftey) Larrea (2.2 -0.2) lon) = (20) Fler flags we + 28 fy leg) se os Iaatre ~3 alae” Laever a fy(20). 4 ree 5 a fxluo) 2 2 Ley) % fleyle Morel + Fr fart). teal ety love) (y-b)) flee ll nyhe Seu bear £ ( ¥ ih = fl22,,0pwl22,-0.2) 3th 2d fea) ses 22 bob g) ee £022, 02) faraatre™ 2 3. a0 Detiniton: We° say tat the function #0 ry) is dilforentiable at the point (ayb) if x. @ tim (nba id {lath, bre) ~ flas) - h tela, [pire » The definition can be guen 01. the same te 05 Lheaceen.: I¢ the “function fl4,y) is differentiable at thepan (a1) , #15 ale cotras. / ath, bre = feajb) FV hd \ lion lan, bth) = eas). (/ \ bike \—y0,2).. ==> of bik) fab) ) + hfe loyb)* k fylon) + ¢ opal Te | gor tity loa) 510 Mean- Value Theorem : & If felt) ond fy Oty) ere continues sh a neighborhood of the pont lab) ; adit the absolte vanes hh ond Kore suptiiently Seal, then there exist rumbecs 6) and Bz e0ch between 0 onal 1, such that lath, bru) - Flore) = he fel a4 Oh, bak) + k.fylo, be Ort) Peet! write EE = i ae then S20 pera flath, bre) ~Flajbh= flarh, bre) -Lla, biel + flare) - £ (a,b) ~~ = F oN eae a | “ L fein. nye) Hassel] + k Lelabee) £6) dH sreon tvaline “Hlasren for fle RU ! Heed 2 fres ! yi Poe Fe [aoth] 4 a48ih [bibte] = b+ Oak The Increment Theerem fer Functions ef Two variables: 4 Says tre! the fist partial dervatives of fls,y) re defined thraghout an open regen (2) frie (ire poo! (serge) ord Hat fe ured fy ove cantinuass oF (ne ye) « Then the crange 0 |.4f: flat ae, vedere Lt aoe x wn the value of £ frat (esuts from roving from (40. Yo) to arotber pownt (Yet Ax, yor dy) in @ sabes. an equation of the fore 8. ja which oth o¢ 1.20 06 beth he. Ay 20 lie) yo) + (104 bv , yor d @ | area ee i Jp * 2 Of = £4 Oto/ge). Ax + fyltoryo) «Ay H Ex: pny) = | xd-y? rye lag) #400 : : @ » CKt=co) Show that the forchn i= contiwous at the port (0,0) (é-5) ) 1) Sow Hat the funeton 13 rot differertioble af the point (0 > oe D 5 8 Ain ping) = $(0,0) = > LYOL TESTI YAPARSAMI Pak! ALAMARSIL ALsA. HUTUPSAL_YABARSIA) (egisioo i 4 J AGen ony C40 we bed — £-5(€)29; when frrolee xen tat Igtny) Ie J fya}0 whan Irle& suchttod | ftrcos8. sing) -Ll cE of sania) ~ J1./cn%6 -snto)| . Irllcot@ -sn30| ¢ 25.8 2 $28 2 dir try! * tay) 100) (ht) +000), rs0 { teligs Lim L6ctmy) = bieg) 4 tr (000% tim £Cb0)- Eke) «tin 421 ra aera ae i h Cyltg) = fim [lteget) ting) 4 fyloro) + Lin L106) - L010) « tom -4 0 t WBt3 = Oth 6H) + c(02,h-6) Eire” a cloohe We fin lobe) = fier thd he 4) Along the temh 9 FO 4 fi not diffeshable of oe bnu)-t0-0) (Ka st9oy fy 9 rl hyroh) = hs math? (Rend) ree 0.0) = b3 linn?) BBL PH 2 469 19,0, bimh) = Linn nam? _~ w\\Sinck’'m vanes, pore fore ire to Wm” Lt vans wits a amt 43.40.40) ces nt wrist. | Ex Mou that the forerion Meg) » 242 -Brytye a afleoreble at (ava) Delay) fy, ley) toa! - png? ‘show tat the funchon i not differortabk af (0,0) 0, byetod SM) Plath, bt) « Lard) + hfelars) +b l0/6) + rlapbritl We Hf thyel-+100! CAO 5 1% diponabe 24 (0,0), 2thaui it inne dH, fetd) (a,b) = (0,0) i fe big) = We By» deload=d f & $l0,0)=0 Lyles “Berry 4 tyfo,0) <0 & & F FlOth, OF) = £00) +hfa (0,01 +k-44 (00) +€10,0, hie SiHuE & 9 Dn Bhi +h? = 7 (O00, bik) Tbr 4e? > rlodshuk 2h? —3he+ee & Jive oe 2 et oe yh) (0,0) or 40 of £ e Hae tin | an Bhese ¢) Along the h-on's (4-0) Und) 5 (0,0) A (rae eS on (bie) fl ia)s 2b? 2h = tor he aeancee 6 we tt) Polar coordinate transforera tion OH oP xp oo t. : 2X yap-so8 I Pl p.cos®, Psin®) = 2P* cast® - 39*.sin8.csB + PE sn!O- ‘ 30 3 ((P.c058, Psin®) =p (2c037O - 3.2nB.cos6.+. si) > { 220, S=S(E0, Iplek UEC pease, pnd) 2 1p (20090-9900 .c250+ sO) = Ipl 1 200? 8 -25r6 sO +l © bIPI< 6Szé_ 3 t dn tlihk)s 08 tO Ohi) to) = 5% Sol. 2) r(¢,0)=cos6.sne # fen cost 30 = C8 9n& 4 r-mO SonevegnnRHnAnanagnagradadaG The Chain Rule: The chain rule for fimchons of 0 Single variable sys that when wt) 1% @ differenhable tureton of @ ora 72. 9(4) 15 0 differortable function of BDO is o differrtesle Archon of ¢ oret. dw can fe calculated dt by the formu 4 du» dw. de Funchms of Tio Variables : Thewram tor Furchins of Two yoriables Ir wlyy) ts differentiable ond ig ¥=xlé), y=ylt) are difforertoble functors of ©. then the compote Wwe PLatl ye) 150 digpetenrabie function oF OD ord du ~ Qu de + dw. dy dei de ay. al sp + Mido oy GOCE CUCU YUE UU USO UU UU SUSU UE EEE ULE LUE LEU (1?) Functions Detired 0 Sxrfaces ay thence: Chan rile fr Tu Indeparclont variables and Thre Intermeclinte Yariables Suppose that ws flny.2) » tages) » yehlers) ord as elris). If all four functors cre difirenrodey then ws 10s portal deriahves sath aspect to ort & , guar bythe formes 3 ES: Express 2 ard BR tems F Dad Ff we KH Byta® , XoM/s , yee thas, 2a9r oS ora Au. 2. ax + aw du + o. 2b « at de, 3s Of OF dy as De ds eerie ae : ek as + Aw. du + Qu Bae s(L)o 2. (ads meds Lt are ayo Fe 5 s ae ra Bere 60) ured 6 7lers) then Get BY and) Que ar a Dit wef (kt), sow thos 7 Be Fy Bw sO y Lie 23 Dit we flt-y, yx) show traf gw + QW 20 a ay 9 Ciadate 2 ard av YO sod 5 ys arctan + oy oy <9) Caiatore {27 L402" oppronmately by usirg differentat Sol. €x2): ws Dee Qwe a ek Oo wo Ke = wep) + oe Sol. Gx.g) = y= yluyw) @) dey wo) rare } +) us uty) va Vix) ae veriable by addition (a) ard (2) Kowr+ gy wy=0 ete el tsne 3 yrerctonua ere Bae. ae +e wn» Are 2 Ag = flit Ax, Yor ay) - fltee)— i -}- yatooa , dy=21 3 AL % df oy dP = fate rye) AL + fy ltoyp) ay pends ME 8 fe las anode ty 2) | tte Ste he dp (U0) + 1. 20 oe fyley)= LE fy (2811000) = Yoo, i nie oul ae + Ap sd & $024, tou ~ £025, tooa) = 235, aL q i = ig a i #023, M00) = 530. i. ELLIE 2 legh 9 toe, y= 89, fod DB ont BE - yo ci ie. nis ) ih on Ane L ~ ia D * watch 2 celiendipeiasnetilees aE a pea i nw nl é 7 v a DB ae Bee, east, gests, find — “ae oir te > a » ae indo y Toe “4 e wa (at) -2/ Ser ae 2 eS) Es nue, 3 ae lds) 9s | ar as ay 2 2 = B [long l-29) + (029) wo) > 35 ’ . afd. (6 - ty {2 (oy) .(30] = [ra (-23)+ (aq): 3r Jot-2s) ~ Maxy- 98 ) 35 35 ssuus as SSeS SHEECKSCEKESSCSSESESESESESSESSEHESESSEKEEDS 1340.4, 80 — «Lragy).t-28) + (6r). 120)] 180) v Be fing BE $C 3erey sry) =? = fu) ) Bray 2 (Hw) : : wedey fh Oye fa Uys fe Wy = Sutnfe 9 2 [2teeate] vey f ge a 2 * ax / OSS 2, (Murxfels [email protected] Blut gle oY ¥ x. ~ 2d Hig stp) « 2 Bfe + (4 ev fica ox | ax + [a + Dal ae] steer [alge ae + ah, al by x = = 20tw. 3+ fry] fu ee [ous rfo0g) l = bay + (3x42y) fue + Ory) for + fs, Bas i unulegd , 4. rc0s, ye cen® . write the equation Btu Py ey ln new womulivte aston an ay’ Bo ar + Be sur: (SO) Uy eo pr a By 4 Qu ae + Qe, ae = (40) + uo. [eae ) r 8 a ay 86 ay 7 i i x’ Sy 5 = 2e 1 OF = 030 aber? fe aia! » “(a Pe r Nac 2 Ys bund + sine eG D0. 5 it se hi 2 tate en r (stools uo (#2 ))- nla Qe + ae). as + 40-( =a] oo (2, data tu). (88 Ux = Lure. (¢ or(-*h? )4 Saw 60) 4: O Ux )HGs'e) Une + (- 7238219). Ure EU (CEB) + ¢ OC [resus 22a pata’s atu ot Oat gt ae ae er atu =? Gong) =# Implicit Ferns q yy = G5%6) Ure # Bick itil tio Bedinitic: let Glxiy) be © Lurchon of tuo voriabes ard (GF 9U0) be a furctin of © sich tra, for every value of @) , fr whch. Pte) 1 detined , Glx, Bla) vanshes identealy is Functional equator Gry) eo , then..y= Ble is an imple function detined by tha functional equation Bin y)z0- Implicit Fimetion Theorem : ee euch tet t . ‘ D Glo Jods 2) the portal derivates 2 Qa @ ees Ord are canhoues in. certain. noghbrhand of (Xr4o) I00.4.)40 the equation G0iy)=0 determines ove and only. ore value ys 9l8).sth. the flowing proper hes | 1) Blre) = Yo, = a - 4 AL a2 2) Gx, gall = 3) SUN is. derivable ard both xh ard Ox) are cntruos. EX: Eramive the foliowirg qvoton for the eristence of unique templet function reac the point indicated’ — )8(04) 20.2 Glol) = 07412-4129 ERE y Gly) W Gx 4 Gyr2y V 2 GM (0,112 241) = 240-4 (OK0,049) ) : : ae . ia Lo A) ys Olds J Vv ( Blo)et) ad 2 rer R96 At Me 0 2 = is a2 Pi 7 2 as an > Sr yo c) = 3 ® @ > c c C 4 eo 9 9 ’ 9 9 9 s 8 a 8 chines tin variable. 2 ampsely of 0 funtion ae tog) Then. for alt ny) the doroin of we hone Glenys tix!) 0 Assuming tot © ord ® axe differertable furehions , we no ike the Chain ble te differentiate tre equanen Gl. gre with respect tthe independent variavie (3) Z H, a 6 Grrr alt ope! WO Blaytlo4 O4Ge yf 0 ee oh, Gauret) es 2) debe 7 7 dace) 4 Glay2l9 4 OG) 64 Wy} Ge.ty20 oa - Gripe BEB Gury 6 by greg a _yes 9) Gli, yo,20)= 9 #8). 6r. 4.69 erst ard conticuan #4) G2 (10, Yo,40)..0 (20.40. 20H; Bi Bet ae ord a2 ot (000) if 8428 tye sa coyso rie —— =e we Se : P.G(010,0) = 01+0%-4.0.¢2 0.000 = 0%" ‘ #Ge. gr nye } areca t (o.00) v Ges da tayse™ veosy 40.6% 10,0,0%.0.. 6p (0,0,9) = 04 ore? +! 14.0.7 204iny) y. + wen Dekert Ont Res Ge, 4 3 tye dys + BO Ge’ --— 3 4 dee” cong aasesthny ee atteriot, HE ty ee aeosys 0 Gre BH teat oe" + y, (ah.0? +39 cosy20 it Foret) Berg ott Rewetray > fower€ lg) tee See neg bag AGsy 20 | ay Carte eg BRIE fleyiede Sh AE eget en te feof en? a vs Oo © nea } Meebo vere 2 nyt oye tu stoeeatry Su fete [— ez yh + ye 4 y, doy vege? fee 9 Oe Be aay o yaa at dab = tows y tow ve z Z 7 wey.2t pene DWes widar sy 2 loa = tl Lau Lay * br . Systems of Epenons + veriohles might detemihe (we Of those varabls.o: functors of the (emiding ones — For instance a Fligie) yew) Ore ele) Tegan ety TD ae deh ee it ouse 29 rw) 2 2 yw) ws wly,2) Should beste to difoeniare z the gen sysltns. of eaters = yeu) _ @-as2lry) imple ily ts gt. pniil cerioies 3 = ylew) ws wily) Ot He slurs Fliwawlen H Syeda ty i ) 3p hes tha. iterrion } tongs) ao ws ye) OB: Glen the ction pty l20 and Glagewhno devon, caleuine ( 2s. 4 2 bo) 39 Kex(aal ar fet dt ula agate © e ier, : Flijpiu) ===> Ke Fy Ye 2-FaGst Fuso * “ Dee-f . pra) OS et Fin is tale Fe, Bs BaF | ¢ Cronm's tye ; of elinkotion » Geta t Gy ge t Gy tit Ou whe Gy 2 + by a =ey,! 2 a y a) Fay ~Fy.G3 nh i 2th Frey Fy. Gx ake S BM het eye, ond v be relotet by the equation We tay. ot S bee Deeg! C dary —— Pr Ard @) () Ot the paint where ta2 od gilt) x . he : Z at) at the, par where 102 andl yell) co A v hs ¢ - » 5 i serluy) Flay ple pty und i f © My Clay uw) = deyty? Vso a Es Fe he gy nylou Baty + yur yXe 2Y-Se LS aetg lta + bredyhdul= 4 > 3x44 Uden) a — tay aes 6: ay syiu.0 SP x wayne tygios 0 9 Wk Haeylafeo 9. -mceaeco. tite ® : lan » i < xe xlpu) died a - a : ‘e 2,4 (ya : a Tocobian TD terenieants poe le E a C i = poe TH Teeny deeritand lor cnply. the zacoion) st the tes functions, ueulyy) ond. vei) 6 cespeet +0. uo variable, .@) ond)». it the determinant ne oa x itt ang ECan 7 aluw). Jae x f g z pa — nay) | fy z 4 mae Dw 4 pba a ca ay - aie vo aE pa Se, fe Seritorly » the yocotion. of tw functians Flt) and. Oley. —) with resyect to tte weriables yard, : Ed i. is the deterrinant eal = et itelereideaiet in ve he i fe alee.) ae ae Pant a fF |. CEE tga 5 20 2A ao « a. 2y | ? R TK

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