Name : Wesley Attram

ID : 00390119

Course : ISS

L300

SICS 4583 MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND WEB ENGINEERING

MID-SEMESTER- LEVEL 300
Question 1

External Style Sheet

Advantages
*The style of several documents can be controlled from site by using them.
*Multiple HTML elements can have many documents, where classes can be created.

Disadvantages
*Your pages may not be rendered correctly until the external CSS is loaded.
*Uploading or linking to multiple CSS files can increase your site's download time.

Embedded Style Sheet

Advantages
*Multiple tag types can be created in a single document.
*Styles, in complex situations, can be applied by using Selector and Grouping
methods.

Disadvantages
*An extra download is required to import style information for each document
* The rendering of the document may be delayed until the external style sheet is
loaded

Question 2

When compared to non-validated websites, validation improves usability and

functionality because your users are less likely to encounter errors. Validation works
with a wide variety of dynamic pages, scripting, active content, and multimedia
presentations.
Question 3
AuthTrans (authorization translation)

Verify any authorization information (such as name and password) sent in the request.

NameTrans (name translation)

Translate the logical URI into a local file system path.

PathCheck (path checking)

Check the local file system path for validity and check that the requestor has access
privileges to the requested resource on the file system.

ObjectType (object typing)

Determine the MIME-type (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Encoding) of the requested

resource (for example, text/html, image/gif, and so on).

Input (prepare to read input)

Select filters that will process incoming request data read by the Service step.

Output (prepare to send output)

Select filters that will process outgoing response data generated by the Service step.

Service (generate the response)

Generate and return the response to the client.

AddLog (adding log entries)

Add entries to log file(s).

Error (service)

This step is executed only if an error occurs in the previous steps. If an error occurs,
the server logs an error message and aborts the process.
Question 4

Music Sequencing and Notation

Cakewalk Cakewalk is a well known older name for what is now called Pro Audio.
The firm producing this sequencing and editing software, Twelve Tone Systems, also
sells an introductory version of their software, "Cakewalk Express", over the Internet
for a low price.

Graphics and Image Editing

Adobe Illustrator Illustrator is a powerful publishing tool for creating and editing
vector graphics, which can easily be exported to use on the web.

Adobe Photoshop Photoshop is the standard in a tool for graphics, image processing,
and image manipulation. Layers of images, graphics, and text can be separately
manipulated for maximum flexibility, and its "filter factory" permits creation of
sophisticated lighting effects.

Video Editing
Adobe Premiere Premiere is a simple, intuitive video editing tool for nonlinear editing
putting video clips into any order. Video and audio are arranged in tracks, like a
musical score. It provides a large number of video and audio tracks, superimpositions,
and virtual clips. A large library of built - in transitions, filters, and motions for clips
allows easy creation of effective multimedia productions.

Animation
Multimedia APIs
Java3D is an API used by Java to construct and render 3D graphics, similar to the way
Java Media Framework handles media files. It provides a basic set of object
primitives (cube, splines, etc.) upon which the developer can build scenes. It is an
abstraction layer built on top of OpenGL or DirectX (the user can select which), so
the graphics are accelerated.
Question 5

1)Text: Text is the most common medium of representing the information. In

multimedia, text is mostly use for titles, headlines,menu etc. The most commonly
used software for viewing text files are Microsoft Word, Notepad, Word pad etc.
Mostly the text files are formatted with ,DOC, TXT etc extension.

2)Audio: In multimedia audio means related with recording, playing etc. Audio is an
important components of multimedia because this component increase the
understandability and improves the clarity of the concept. audio includes speech,
music etc. The commonly used software for playing audio files are:
i) Quick Time
ii) Real player
iii) Windows Media Player

3)Graphics: Every multimedia presentation is based on graphics. The used of graphics

in multimedia makes the concept more effective and presentable.the commonly used
software for viewing graphics are windows Picture, Internet Explorer etc. The
commonly used graphics editing software is Adobe Photoshop through which
graphics can be edited easily and can be make effective and attractive.

4)Video: Video means moving pictures with sound. It is the best way to communicate
with each other. In multimedia it is used to makes the information more presentable
and it saves a large amount of time. The commonly used software for viewing videos
are:
i) Quick Time
ii) Window Media Player
iii) Real Player

5)Animation: In computer animation is used to make changes to the images so that the
sequence of the images appears to be moving pictures. An animated sequence shows a
number of frames per second to produce an effect of motion in the user's eye. Some of
the commonly used software for viewing animation are:
i) Internet Explorer
ii) Windows Pictures
iii) Fax Viewer

Business
Applications of multimedia in business are presentation, training, marketing,
advertising, product demos, networked communication, etc. With the use of
multimedia presentations, the audience can easily understand a concept. It provides an
effective and efficient way to grab the attention of the visitors and share information
about various products easily. It is also used in business marketing to persuade
customers to buy the products.

Education
Multimedia applications play a crucial role in education. They take the method of
teaching and studying to the next level. Many schools are encouraging teachers to use
multimedia along with their teaching skills to invoke interest for students in their
studies. It helps the brain to absorb and retain information more easily. It increases
learning effectiveness and is more productive than traditional learning methods. The
multimedia approach helps the students to develop higher-order thinking skills.

Mass media communication

The development of new media types and the need to communicate through
technology are steadily increasing. Multimedia plays a vital role in the field of mass
media i.e. in journalism and in various magazines or newspapers. It’s not only the text
that we see in a newspaper, but also the photographs. It helps the newspaper to
convey information to people in an easy way.

Advertising
The advertising industry uses multimedia to advertise businesses, products, and
services. Multimedia advertising is done using animations and graphic designs in
advertisements to describe the products or services to customers. Television, radio
and print ads are the most common mediums that are used in advertising.
Advertisements are of two types; printed advertisement and electronic advertisement.
Both types of advertisements are first prepared digitally by using professional
software and then they are released in the market to target the audience.

Entertainment
Multimedia is widely used in the entertainment industry. It is especially used to
develop special effects in movies and video games. Music and video apps are the
most glaring example of the rise of multimedia in entertainment. The use of
multimedia in the gaming industry made it possible to make interactive games. The
integrated audio and visual effects make video games more fascinating. Social
Networking Apps along with multimedia tools allow users to watch and share
photos/videos on social networking sites. Audiobook and eBook reader apps on
smartphones let users carry a book without excess load.

Science and technology

Multimedia has a wide application range in the field of science and technology. It is
capable of transferring audios, videos and sending other formatted multimedia
documents. Live broadcasting from one place to another is only possible with the help
of multimedia. It is also useful in the medical field as doctors can use images created
from image scans of a human body to practice complicated procedures. Engineers
also use multimedia software to make prototypes.