Chapter 9: Recreation, Physical Fitness & Wellness

Recreation

Recreation pertains to activities done for leisure to promote a person's well-being and growth. It brings about a sense of
mastery, achievement, exhilaration, acceptance, satisfaction, success, personal worth, and pleasure. It enforces a positive
self-image. It is also a means to socialize, meet people, and gain new friends.

Characteristics of Recreation
1. Involves voluntary choice and participation of the individual
2. Includes physical activities that are well organized, date and time-flexible, suited to the individual's needs, and
controlled by the individual in terms of location, time, clothing and equipment, and other conditions.
3. Focuses on the individual's participation more than on the results. 4. Accessible and available to all regardless of socio-
economic status, age, sex, and disability.

Physical Fitness
Proper diet, sufficient rest, and regular exercise help keep the body healthy. Being physically fit enables a person to
perform tasks successfully with vigor and alertness and without feeling tired.

Physical fitness is a measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively, resist diseases, and confront
emergency situations. It is important not only to athletes but also to everyone. It does not simply mean exercising
regularly. It refers to a person's overall strength, flexibility, endurance of the heart, lungs and muscles, and body
composition. It includes nutrition and mental health. Here are some key concepts about physical fitness:

1. When exercising, the lungs take in additional oxygen which is fuel for the heart and brain.
2. Being fit enables the body to fight off illnesses and diseases.
3. Exercise helps reduce stress and tension. Strenuous exercise stimulates the body to release endorphins. These
endorphins produce a happy feeling in people.
4. Exercise strengthens the bones, which makes doing the daily tasks easier. It helps heal major injuries.
5. Exercise helps a person lose weight. When a person is in shape, he/she has increased muscle mass. Since muscle burns
more calories than fat, this means a person's body uses up more calories and stores less of them as fat. Lower body fat is
also associated with a longer lifespan.
6. Exercise helps strengthen the heart, lungs, and immune system. 7. Regular exercise reduces the risks of high blood
pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and some types of cancer. 8. Exercise keeps the mind sharp, even as it improves brain
function.
9. Being fit does not mean possessing a muscular build. 10. Regular exercise helps a person sleep faster, better, and
longer.

Components of Physical Fitness

In its most general meaning, physical fitness is a state of good physical health. Physical fitness is to the human body what
fine-tuning is to an engine. It enables people to perform to their maximum potential and helps them look and feel good. It
affects their state of mind and influences, to some degree, their mental alertness and emotional state

Physical fitness involves the following components:

1. Cardiovascular endurance-the ability of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and to remove wastes over
sustained periods of time
2. Muscular strength and endurance-the ability of the muscle to exert force for a brief period of time.
3. Muscular endurance-the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to sustain repeated contractions or continue to apply
force against an inert object.
4. Flexibility--the ability of the body to move joints and use the muscles' full range of motion
5. Body composition--the body in terms of lean mass (muscles, bones, vital tissues, and organs) and fat mass. The optimal
ratio of fat to lean mass is an indication of fitness. Performing the right set of exercises can help people get rid of body fat
and increase or maintain muscle mass.
Benefits of Regular Physical Activities
The health benefits of regular exercise or physical activities are hard to ignore. The following are some ways on how
exercise can help improve your life.

1. Exercise helps control weight.

Exercise helps prevent excess weight gain and maintain weight loss. When you engage in a physical activity, you burn
calories. The more intense the activities, the more calories you burn. If you cannot do an actual workout, be more active
throughout the day in simple ways such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking the extra two blocks instead
of riding the bus.
2. Exercise helps prevent heart diseases.
No matter what your current weight is, being physically active helps boost high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or good
cholesterol and decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or bad cholesterol which can form plaque that can narrow the
arteries and eventually lead to heart attack or stroke.

3. Exercise helps improve mood.

Regular exercise helps make you feel good; when you feel good, you feel confident and happy.

4. Exercise helps boost energy.

Regular physical activity helps improve muscle strength and endurance and the cardio-respiratory system. When your
heart and lungs work more efficiently, you have more energy to go about your daily chores. Exercise helps increase the
level of brain chemicals that aid you in learning.

5. Exercise helps enhance learning.

As a general goal, aim for at least 30 minutes of physical activity every day. Remember to check with your doctor before
starting a new exercise program, especially if you have any health conditions.

Wellness
According to the American Heritage Medical Dictionary, wellness is "the condition of good physical, mental, and
emotional health, especially when maintained by an appropriate diet, exercise, and other lifestyle modifications." It is
further defined by the Mosby's Medical Dictionary as "a dynamic state of health in which an individual progresses toward
a higher level of functioning, achieving an optimum balance between internal and external environments." Wellness is an
expanded idea of health and both health and wellness are terms that mean the ability to live life fully with vitality and
meaning.

Six Dimensions of Wellness

Wellness is a dynamic process of change and growth. Fahey et al (2001) give the following dimensions of wellness:
1. Physical wellness is developed through the combination of beneficial physical activity/exercise and healthy eating
habits and lifestyle. It builds up muscular strength and endurance, cardiovascular strength and endurance, and flexibility.

Physical wellness is also concerned with developing personal responsibility for your own health such as caring for
minor illnesses and knowing when professional medical attention is needed, monitoring your own vital signs and
understanding your body's warning signs, and recognizing the effects of nutrition on how your body performs. The
physical benefits of looking and feeling good most often lead to the psychological benefits of enhanced self esteem, self-
control, determination, and a sense of direction.

2. Emotional wellness is rooted in how you accept and manage your feelings, understand your limitations, navigate
through stressful situations, and maintain healthy relationships. This includes the degree to which you feel positive and
enthusiastic about yourself and your life. It is better to be aware of and accept your feelings than to deny them. It is better
to be optimistic than to be pessimistic in your approach to life.
An emotionally well person is able to express feelings freely and effectively, form and sustain satisfying
interdependent relationships with others based on mutual commitment, trust, and respect, and take on challenges, risks,
and conflict. As he/she manages his/her life in personally rewarding ways and takes responsibility for his/her actions,
he/she sees life as an exciting, hopeful adventure.

3. Intellectual wellness emanates from one's creative, stimulating, growth-oriented activities that lead to learning new
skills and sharing them with others.
It is better to stretch and challenge your mind with intellectual and creative pursuits than to become self-satisfied
and unproductive. It is better to identify potential problems and choose appropriate courses of action based on available
information than to wait, worry, and contend with major concerns later.
An intellectually well person cherishes intellectual growth and stimulation through a myriad of educational resources,
keeps abreast of current issues and trends, and pursues personal interests that enhance creativity and learning.
Intellectual wellness allows you to explore and expand the gifts that are uniquely yours, bringing a richness to your life
and the lives of those around you.

4. Spiritual wellness is rooted in the understanding that humans are spiritual beings. Spirituality is not the same as
religion. Some people can belong to a religion and not have a very well-developed spirituality. Spirituality pertains to the
ultimate meaning and purpose of life that each individual needs to find and thus define a value system to operate within.
Spiritual wellness is achieved as each person's actions become more consistent with his/her values and belief systems. It is
better to live each day in a way that is consistent with your values and beliefs than to do otherwise and feel untrue to
yourself.
As you explore your spiritual path, you may experience feelings of doubt, despair, fear, disappointment, and dislocation as
well as feelings of pleasure, joy, happiness, and discovery. You will know you are becoming spiritually well when your
actions become more consistent with your beliefs and values and you can respect and tolerate the beliefs and values of
others.

5. Social wellness involves contributing to one's environment and community, It emphasizes the interdependence between
others and nature and an awareness of your importance in society as well as your impact on multiple environments. It is
better to contribute to the common welfare of the community than to think only of yourself. It is better to live in harmony
with others and your environment than to live in conflict with them.

In this dimension of wellness, you take an active part in improving the world by encouraging healthier living, initiating
better communication with those around you, and making willful choices to enhance personal relationships and to build a
better living space and community. 6. Environmental wellness encompasses how you care for the environment, create
environments that are free from violence and the threat of violence, and live in an environment that is safe for you
physically and emotionally. In this dimension of wellness, you actively take responsibility for your personal well-being
and that of the environment.

Behaviors that Contribute to Wellness

The lifestyle of an individual is a personal choice that influences the quality of life. A healthy lifestyle helps avoid
diseases and hence keep you strong and fit. The most important behaviors and habits that contribute to a healthy lifestyle
are the following.
1. Be physically active. The human body is designed to work best when it is active. When you care more for your body,
bones, heart, and lungs, the stronger and more fit they become.
2. Choose a healthy diet. A common person's daily food intake is usually too high in calories, unhealthy fats, and added
sugars, and too low in fiber, complex carbohydrates, fruits, and vegetables. This kind of diet is linked to a number of
major diseases, including heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and certain kinds of cancer. A healthy diet
promotes wellness and provides necessary nutrients and sufficient energy.
3. Maintain a healthy body weight. Obesity is associated with a number of disabling and potentially fatal conditions and
diseases like heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease that affects how the body
turns food into energy. Normally, the food is converted into glucose and stored and used by the body. The circulating
insulin hormone stimulates the uptake of sugar by the body's cells. With diabetes something goes awry. The pancreas
either stops producing insulin completely for the type 1 diabetes or the body develops insulin resistance, a condition
wherein the body's cells do not respond to insulin for the type 2 diabetes. Either way, concentration of sugar in the blood
shoots up.
According to the Food and Nutrition Research Institute, four out of 100 adults aged 20 years old and above have
diabetes with an increasing prevalence of the disease after the age of 40.
Advancing age is cited as a risk factor for diabetes. The Philippine Diabetes Association reveals that the blood increases
after the age of 40. sugar level among Filipinos In the Philippines, diabetes is ranked among the top 10 killer diseases due
to its many complications. People with diabetes face the risk of having a heart attack or stroke.
A healthy body weight is an important part of wellness. Keep in mind, however, that short-term dieting is not part of
fitness or wellness. Maintaining a healthy body weight requires a lifelong commitment to regular exercise, healthy diet,
and effective stress management.
4. Manage stress effectively. Many people cope with stress by eating, drinking or smoking too much. Others do not deal
with it at all. In the short-term inappropriate stress management can lead to fatigue, sleep disturbances, and other
unpleasant symptoms. Over longer periods of time, poor management of stress can lead to less efficient functioning of the
immune system and increased susceptibility to disease. There are effective ways to handle stress and they should form an
important part of a healthy lifestyle.

5. Prevent drug abuse through the following means:

a. Maintain good physical and mental health.
b. Use drugs as directed by the physician. Most drugs are beneficial when used under medical advice or
supervision.
c. Understand, accept, and respect your individual capacity or ability.
d. Develop your potential. Engage in wholesome, productive, and fulfilling activities.
e. Learn to relate effectively to those who communicate their problems freely.
f. Learn to cope with problems and other stresses without resorting to drug abuse.
g. Seek professional help if you feel that you cannot cope with the problems that you encounter.
h. Develop strong moral and spiritual foundation.
6. Protect yourself from disease and injury through lifestyle modification and management.

Conclusion
Changing an unhealthy habit is harder than it looks. When you embark on a behavior change plan, it may seem like too
much work at first. But as you make progress, you will gain confidence in your ability to take charge of your life. You
will also experience the benefits of wellness—more energy, greater vitality, deeper feelings of appreciation and curiosity,
and a higher and better quality of life.
Chapter 10: The Social Menace of Drug Addiction
Overview

This chapter focuses on the social problem called drug addiction. People have always been curious about the world and
experiment with anything and everything to make life better and more comfortable. Scientists have discovered remedies
that can treat pain and illness and promote good health and longer life. In ancient Egypt, physicians prescribed berries like
figs and dates mixed with castor oil as laxatives while the Chinese and Greeks used opium for its pain-relieving
properties. The Hindus resorted to cannabis and henbane leaves as an anesthetic. In modern society, drugs treat medical
and psychological disorders. To determine whether a substance is a drug is to know its uses. For example, alcohol is a
beverage, but it is also considered a drug used for relaxation, to remove inhibitions, or stimulate appetite.

Coloma (2004) states that drug dependence is the overuse of a drug without due regard to accepted medical practice
resulting in the individual's physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral impairment.

Drug is defined as follows according to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA):

1. Clinical definition

Drug is a therapeutic substance other than food used in the prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment, or cure of disease
in humans or animals.

2. General definition Drug is a substance aside from food intended to affect the structure or function of a physiological
system like the human body.

3. Popular definition
Drug refers mainly to chemical or plant-derived substances that affect the body's psychological, behavioral, or physical
functions and leads to varying degrees of dependence or addiction.
Drug addiction pertains to dependency on drug. Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms appear unless the person is taking the
substance. Addictive drugs make a person crave for or make him/her feel an overwhelming urge to continue taking the
drug, even after withdrawal symptoms have disappeared.

Drugs change the way the body and the brain function. Sometimes, the results are pleasant as in the case of prescription
medications that are used to treat various conditions and diseases. However, there are also times when the results are
terrible and cause great harm to one's body and well-being.

Thus, it is wise to know that not all drugs are harmful or are always safe. It is more important, however, to recognize if
you are addicted to drugs. Serious consequences can result from the use of both illegal drugs and prescription
medications.

Addiction

An addiction is not having control over doing, taking, or using something, until it becomes harmful. Commonly, there are
dependencies on alcohol or drugs, but you can also become addicted to everything from gambling to chocolates. Being
addicted to something means having a difficult time without it during the day.

Classification of Dangerous Drugs

According to the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, there are two classes of dangerous drugs:

1. Prohibited drugs which include all the drugs that produce psychological

effects of narcotics or those that relieve pain and induce sleep (cocaine, LSD, marijuana, opium and its derivatives, etc.)
2. Regulated drugs which include self-inducing sedatives like barbiturates, amphetamines, or other hypnotic drugs or
compounds producing the same

physiological effects Drug abuse does not only involve illegal substances.

Any drug can be abused,

whether it is bought on a street corner or obtained from a pharmacy. There is no dividing line between prescription drugs
and the so-called recreational drugs because both often include the same or similar ingredients but in different dosages.

Common Drug Types

There are different types of drugs. Some are prescribed. Others are known as club drugs, illicit or illegal substances, and
designer drugs.

Marijuana

Marijuana is the term used to describe all that comes from the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa) like leaves, tops, stems,
flowers, and roots. These are dried and prepared for smoking or taken orally as "brownies."

Marijuana has psychoactive effects. It is taken into the body in the form of smoke or vapor and can also be consumed and
mixed into food or steeped in tea. It is believed to act as the "gateway" to other more serious substances.

According to the PDEA, marijuana or Indian hemp embraces every kind, class, genus, or specie of the plant Cannabis
sativa L. including but not limited to, Cannabis americana, hashish, bhang, guaza, churrus, and ganjab. It also includes
every kind, class, and character of marijuana, whether dried or fresh and flowering, flowering or fruiting tops, or any part
or portion of the plant and seed thereof, and all its geographic varieties, whether as a reefer, resin, extract, tincture or in
any form whatsoever.

The mind-altering component of marijuana is the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which is concentrated in the resin.

Smoked cannabis produces a dreamy state of consciousness in which ideas seem disconnected, unanticipated, and free-
flowing. Time, color, and spatial perceptions may be altered. In general, a feeling of well-being and relaxation is
experienced. Panic reactions usually occur, particularly to new users.

Adverse Effects

1. Impairment of memory and short-term cognitive functioning, particularly

mathematical, reading, and verbal comprehension skills 2. Impairment of motor skills which may lead to accidents and
respiratory problems

such as bronchitis or lung cancer

3. Premature babies, low birth weight, abortion, or still birth (neonatal death) 4. Panic or state of anxiety, sometimes
accompanied by paranoia

5. Motivational syndrome as the regular use of marijuana dulls the mind of smoker, blunts enthusiasm, and takes away
drive or urge
6. Burnout as the user can become dull, slow-moving, inattentive, and unaware of his/her surroundings
7. Susceptibility to infections 8. Decreased sperm production and altered sperm shape and mobility

9. Decreased testosterone level, so that pre-teenagers are at an increased risk of

temporary loss of fertility

10. Symptoms of mental illness

Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)

Methamphetamine HCL is a type of amphetamine also known as "poor man's cocaine." Its other names are shabu, ubas,
siopao, sha, and ice. Shabu is a white, odorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter, numbing taste.

Abusers are known to take this drug by ingestion: inhalation (chasing the dragon), sniffing (snorting), or injection.
Amphetamines are regularly absorbed orally and are associated With a rapid onset of action, usually within one hour. If
taken intravenously or through injection, they have an almost immediate effect.

1. Anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational behavior, talkativeness, and loss of self

control

2. Loss of appetite and inability

3. Euphoria, elation

to sleep

4. Acute psychotic reactions, violent and destructive behavior, and recklessness that may result in accidents

Physiological Effects

These include chest pains; irregularity of heartbeat; elevated or lowered blood pressure, evidence of weight loss,
convulsion, and death from cardiac arrest.

Long-term Effects

Psychiatric consequences are the major feature of chronic "shabu" abuse and dependency. Prolonged use and even a single
exposure, especially if administered intravenously, can lead to the manifestation of a full-blown psychosis which is
similar to a schizophrenia characterized by the presence of paranoid delusions and auditory and visual hallucinations. The
paranoia may lead to violent and aggressive behavior.

Some chronic users have difficulty in concentrating and remembering things.

Diminished ability to cope with problems and difficulties in facing reality is common

Loss of interest in sex, ambition, or motivation may also result from using shabu. Chronic shabu snorters may suffer from
severe irritation of the nasal passages and, at times, may even develop tissue perforation of the nasal septum, so that they
become

prone to frequent nosebleed. Renal damage, heart disease, and stroke have likewise been
documented among

chronic abusers.

Injecting shabu from contaminated needles may lead to poisoning (septicemia) and AIDS which can lead to death.

Inhalants

Inhalant abuse is the deliberate inhalation of volatile chemical substance that contains psychoactive (mind/mood-altering)
vapors causing a state of intoxication. Most inhalants are common household products such as nailpolish remover, glue,
gasoline, household cleaners, and nitrous oxide. Inhalants also include fluorinated hydrocarbons found in aerosols such as
hairspray, spray paint, and household cleaners.

As the name suggests, inhalants refer to a group of drugs that are inhaled in the form of a gas or solvent.

Immediate Effects

1. Confusion

2. Distorted perception of time and distance

3. Aggressive behavior/violence 4. Hallucinations

5. Illusions

6. Nausea and vomiting

7. Drowsiness

Delayed Effects

1. Loss of memory

2. Inability to think

3. Muscle cramps and weakness

4. Numbness of limbs

5. Abdominal pains

6. Damage to the central nervous system, kidney, liver, and possibly, the bone marrow

Ecstasy

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) commonly known as “Ecstasy," "X-TC," "Adam," and "Eden Tablet," refers
to the drug having such chemical composition, including any of its isomers or derivatives in any form.

Ecstasy is the term used for a group of "designer" drugs closely related in chemical form to the amphetamine family of
illicit drugs. Demand for this drug caused its price to soar up to P2,000 today.

Ecstacy pills (Courtesy of PDEA)

MDMA was first developed as an appetite suppressant in 1914 by the German company, Merck. In the 1970s, U.S.
therapists, led by biochemist Alexander Shulgin, used the drug to help patients explore their feelings.

Adverse Effects

1. Fatigue and perhaps, depression after the drug is stopped 2. Restlessness, anxiety, and pronounced visual and auditory
hallucinations at large

doses

3. Nausea and vomiting

4. Rise in blood pressure and heart rate, or death from heart failure or stroke

5. Prolonged regular use can lead to the same long-term effects as those of synthetic stimulants, including a potential for
neurotoxicity and brain and liver damage

Opiates/Narcotics

Opiates, sometimes called narcotics, are a group of drugs that are used medically to relieve pain but have a high potential
for abuse. Some opiates come from a resin taken from the seed pod of the Asian poppy. Opiates that are commonly
abused are opium, morphine, codeine, and synthesized or manufactured opiates.

Opium refers to the coagulated juice of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) and embraces every kind, class, and
character of opium, whether crude or prepared; the ashes or refuse of the same; narcotic preparations thereof or therefrom;
morphine or any alkaloid of opium; of opium is used as an ingredient; opium poppy; poppy straw; and leaves or
wrappings of opium leaves, whether prepared for use or not.

Opium poppy refers to any part of the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L.. Papaver setigerum DC, Papaver
orientale, Papaver bracteatum and Papaver rhoeas which include the seeds, straws, branches, leaves, or any part thereof, or
substances derived therefrom, even for floral, decorative, and culinary purposes.

Cocaine

Cocaine is a drug from the leaves of the Erythroxylon coca plant, a shrub that originated from South America. This drug
affects the central nervous system as a stimulant.

Cocaine exaggerates changes caused by at least two brain chemicals-noradrenaline and dopamine-increasing alertness and
causing euphoria. Pure cocaine was produced in 1860 and was hailed as a cure-all. Doctors used it to treat anxiety and
depression until they realized it was addictive. Dentists also used cocaine to numb their patients' gums, but because it
damaged living tissues, it was replaced by drugs like lignocaine.

Sedatives

Sedative-hypnotics such as tranquilizers, sleeping pills, and sedatives are drugs which depress or slow down body
functions. These drugs can be dangerous when taken

without a physician's prescription or instructions.

Steroids
Anabolic steroids are not the same as the kind used in medicine for the reduction of inflammation. Rather, these
substances are used to build muscle mass and strength. They typically consist of male sex hormones and can be very
damaging when used without a medical prescription.

Tobacco

Tobacco is often smoked in the form of cigarettes or cigars or chewed. It contains nicotine which is a stimulant and a
highly addictive substance that has been known to cause cancer and other diseases.

Nicotine
Tobacco was introduced in America in the late 5th century. When tobacco smoke is inhaled, nicotine is absorbed through
the lungs and reaches the brain in about seven seconds. Nicotine works by mimicking the actions of a naturally occurring
brain chemical-acetylcholine-by docking with its special receptor molecules. Some of these nicotine receptors in the brain
activate part of the "pleasure center," which could be responsible for nicotine's euphoric effects.

Nine out of ten smokers say they like to quit smoking but cannot. Nicotine withdrawal symptoms include irritability,
anxiety, loss of concentration, and sleeplessness. Cigarette smoke contains a handful of other harmful substances,
including carbon monoxide and tar.

Reasons Behind Drug Abuse

Typically, adolescence is a time of experimentation. Taking drugs is common as enagers struggle to establish their
independence in a society where alcohol and other substances are associated with being a mature adult. Some reasons
behind addiction to substance, alcohol, and prohibited drugs include:

1. Curiosity

2. Social influences (peer pressure)

3. New sensations, for example, the effects of ecstasy which include increased

energy and confidence

4. Rebellion and willingness to take risks especially when teenagers take illegal substances that their parents strongly
disapprove

5. Escapism. Alcohol and other drugs are used as a means of avoiding problems

associated with family life, school or work frustrations, friendship and relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, and
depression.

These problems should be addressed as early as possible to prevent any related drug use from escalating.

Signs of Drug Dependency

There are no specific physical signs or personality changes that indicate when a

person is using drugs. Although a deviant behavior may indicate drug use, some behavior changes may also not be drug-
related. The following manifestations of drug use require attention and appropriate action

from the parent of the user.

1. Mood swings or explosive outbursts 2. Staying out late or not coming home at night

3. Frequent absences from work or school, or declining work or school

performance

4. Unexplained need for money or sudden loss of money and valuables 5. Less extracurricular activities, social
withdrawal, and minimal interaction

with the family

6. Sudden or noticeable change in friends 7. Tiredness or changes in sleeping patterns

8. Changes in eating patterns 9. Impaired memory and poor concentration

10. Blood-shot or glassy eyes 11. Lethargy and loss

of motivation 12. Deterioration of physical appearance and grooming

If you suspect someone of using drugs, talk to him/her about it. He/She may not want to talk about it right away, but if
he/she feels that you will listen then he/she will agree to talk to you.

Different higher educational institutions (HEI) have their own structure or organization in the prevention of drug use and
addiction within their campuses. Organizing peer counselors among students is one way of knowing if there is an
escalation of drug use and addiction inside the school premises.

Students can help each other, through peer counseling or barkadahan inside the school premises or letting them participate
actively in various school activities or organizations. In the process, they become more productive in terms school
involvement.

Conclusion

There are several reasons why a person takes prohibited drugs. The probability of becoming too much dependent on these
illegal substances leads a person to manifest behavior, mental reasoning, and habits that are negatively affecting the way
he/she treats his/her family, other people around him/her, the society where he/she lives, and most especially
himself/herself.

Drug dependency is extremely hazardous to a person's health, the people who care for him/her and to his/her future as
well.

A drug dependent can still be saved from his/her present situation as long as there are people who are willing to listen,
understand and help him/her until full achieved.