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CIRCUIT: Scientific Journal of Electrical Engineering

Education, Vol.2, No.2, August 2018, p. 71-82
ISSN: 2549-3698 (printed)/ 2549-3701 (online)

Car Parking Guide Prototype With Voice Output

Man Using Arduino Uno Microcontroller

Kadek Pindrayana 1, Rohmat Indra Borman2, Bagas Prasetyo3,S. Samsugi4

1,2,3,4 Faculty
of Engineering and Computer Science (FTIK), Indonesian Technocrat University
e-mail: [email protected], 2r [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]

Abstract

To facilitate the parking of the car to be efficient parking equipment was needed by using the distance
with objects. In this research, the development of prototype of car parking guide by displaying information by
using centimeter or meter unit and using sound output to facilitate the user in parking their vehicle. From the
analysis and testing of prototype car park guides with human voice output indicates that this prototype can give
good results. Ultrasonic sensor SRF05 can work well but in the sensor distance of more than 3 meters cannot
send data

Keywords: arduino, microcontroller, parking, sensors, ultrasonic

Abstract

To make it easier for car parking to be efficient, a parking guide tool is needed by showing the
distance to objects around. In this study, a prototype car parking guide was developed by displaying
information about the distance between objects and vehicles using centimeters or meters and using sound
output to make it easier for users to park their vehicles. From the analysis and testing of the prototype car
parking guide with human voice output, it shows that this prototype can provide directions in the form of
voice commands when parking and is displayed on the LCD screen. The SRF05 ultrasonic sensor can work
well but at a sensor distance of more than 3 meters it cannot send data.

Keywords: arduino, microcontroller, pear, sensor

1. Introduction

Current technological developments provide convenience for human life, one of which is in the
field of transportation. Technological developments can be found in the field of transportation
including parking safety systems on cars. In the past, parking in a place, be it a building, a
supermarket parking lot, a mall, at home and others, required a lot of time and effort. Parking
users have to work hard to find a comfortable parking space, adjust the position of the vehicle
so that the car can be parked properly. Actually, if the parking process can be assisted with a
more modern system (system automation) it will be very profitable, be it for the industry
(automotive industry), parking management companies, parking users and for vehicle owners
who have private parking at their homes.

Currently, there is a parking security system for cars with certain series and types using
ultrasonic sensors. An ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that

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utilizing the principle of ultrasonic waves (Arasada & Suprianto, 2017). Ultrasonic waves are
acoustic waves that have a frequency ranging from 20 kHz to about 20 MHz (Arief, 2011).
Generally this ultrasonic sensor already exists in the latest cars. However, the price of a car that
has been equipped with a parking safety system with this sensor is quite expensive, because it
is not available in all series and types. In addition, the use of parking sensors on cars is only
used to detect the distance behind the car (Setyarso et al., 2011). Whereas information related
to the distance on several sides of the car is very important to ensure the position of the car
does not hit or hit something. The distance data acquisition system is a very important thing
when doing the parking process,

To make it easier to park the car so that it is efficient, a parking guide tool is needed by
showing the distance from the objects around. For this reason, it is important to have a tool
that can process object-vehicle distance measurements with ultrasonic sensors using digital
waves that will be centimeters or meters distance. The digital data obtained is then processed
again by the microcontroller. Microcontroller is a chip that functions as an electronic circuit
controller and generally can store programs in it (Overa & Aria, 2014). In this study using the
Arduino Uno microcontroller. Arduino Uno is an electronic prototyping platform that isopen
source hardware which is based on flexible and easy-to-use hardware and software (Tambak &
Bahriun, 2015). Arduino Uno contains everything needed to support the microcontroller
(Ichwan et al., 2013). In this study, a prototype car parking guide with human voice output was
developed by displaying information about the distance between objects and vehicles in
centimeters or meters in the form ofoutput sound to make it easier user in parking the vehicle.

2. Research Methodology

In this study, it was started first with field observations which were then continued with tool
design. The stages of research carried out include:
1). Needs Analysis;
2). Tool Design;
3). Testing and Analysis.

To make it easier to identify the need for a car parking guide prototype with human
voice output, it is described in the form of a block diagram. Block diagram is a brief description
of the design of a tool (Ikhsan & Kurniawan, 2015). From the block diagram, it will produce a
system that can be used and can work according to the design of the tool (Ikhsan & Kurniawan,
2015). The block diagram of the prototype car parking guide with human voice output can be
seen in Figure 1 below.

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Figure 1. Block Diagram of a Car Parking Guide Prototype With Human Voice Output

From the block diagram above, the needs for the main components of the prototype car
parking guide with human voice output are as follows.

2.1.1. Arduino Uno

Arduino Uno is one of the minimum system board. Minimum system is a microcontroller circuit
that can be used to run an application.Minimum system consists of the basic components
needed by a microcontroller to function properly (Miraditya et al., 2014). Arduino Uno is a circuit
developed from an ATmega328-based microcontroller (Silvia et al., 2014). Arduino Uno has a
miniature package with easy interfacing and programming capabilities (Budiarso et al., 2015).
In this study, Arduino Uno functions as a controller that manages digital data obtained from
ultrasonic sensors and then becomes a controlleroutput in LCD and speaker in the form of
output voice.

Figure 2. Arduino Uno . Microcontroller

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2.1.2. Ultrasonic Sensor SRF05

The ultrasonic sensor SRF05 is a sensor consisting of trasnmitter and receiver to detect the
reflected distance (Setyawan et al., 2013). The ultrasonic sensor SRF05 is an ultrasonic sensor
capable of measuring distances from 3 cm to 300 cm (Zulputra et al., 2016). In the development
of the prototype car parking guide, the ultrasonic sensor functions as a distance sensor
between the vehicle and other objects.

Figure 3. SRF05 . Ultrasonic Sensor

2.1.3. Module SD Card

Module SD Card Reader/Writer (SD Card Drive) a module that has features that function as
storage of all data (Susanto et al., 2013). ModuleSD Card SD card reader/writer that can be
connected to Arduino/microcontroller-based electronic circuits, so that electronic devices can
access (read and write) data on SD-Card. In this study, the voice recording as the parking guide
output is stored in the memory card and which processes the data on the moduleSD-Card.

Figure 4. SD Card Module

2.1.4. Speaker

To develop a prototype car parking guide output the sound will be issued viaspeaker. Speakers
carry electrical signals and convert them back into vibrations to create sound waves (Palending
et al., 2012). In this study using 0.5 8ohm speakers foroutput car parking guide voice.

Figure 5. Speaker 0.5 8 Ohm

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2.1.5. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

LCD is a tool that serves to display a size or number, so that it can be seen and known through
the crystal screen display (Budiyanto, 2012). LCD serves to display distance data from the
sensor when it detects objects.

Figure 6. 16x2 . LCD

In addition to the main devices above, other electronic components are needed. The electronic
components needed can be seen in table 1 below.

Table 1. Electronic Components Used

No Component name Amount

1 Arduino Uno 1 unit

2 SD-card module 1 unit

3 SRF04 3 units

4 LCD 16x2 1 unit

5 perforated PCB 1unit

6 Resistor 2 units

7 Transistor 2units

8 Capacitor 1 unit

9 9v Battery battery 2 units

10 Diode 2 units

11 Rainbow cable 2 meters

12 Vibrator 1 unit

13 Speaker 1 unit

14 Lead Sufficiently

3. Results and Discussion

The circuit design consists of the circuit design power supply, Suite SD-Card, Suite speaker,
circuit, 16x2 LCD circuit and ultrasonic sensor, and overall schematic circuit.

3.1. SuitePower Supply

Power Supply it is very important to supply voltage to the microcontroller system, the power
supply in this tool uses a 9 Volt battery.

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Figure 7. Power Supply Circuit

3.2. SD Card Circuit

SD Card plays an important role in the design of parking guide sensors with human voice
output because the voice recording is stored in the memory card and the data processing
module is the module SD-Card. Module circuitSD-Card connected to pin arduino pin 13 Arduino
is connected to pin CS module SD-Card and pin 12 is connected to pin DO onSD-Card, for more
details as in Figure 8 below:

Figure 8. Circuit SD-Card

3.3. Speaker Circuit

The speaker circuit uses a 0.5 8ohm speaker type, NPN transistor type 2n3904 (negative,
positive, negative) as a sound amplifier from a 5v voltage and a 10k resistor, using 9 arduino
digital pins.
9V
+
LS1
SD CARD
DUINO1 SPEAKER
SPEAKER
Q1
2N2222A
R1
microcontrolandos.blogspot.com

1k
AREF
GND 9V
13
PB5/SCK
12
PB4/MISO
RESET 11
~PB3/MOSI/OC2A
10
~ PB2/SS/OC1B
9
~ PB1/OC1A
8
PB0/ICP1/CLKO
1121
AT MEGA328P-PU

DIGITAL (~PWM)

7
ANALOG IN

PD7/AIN1
6
A0 ~PD6/AIN0
PC0/ADC0 5
A1 ~ PD5/T1
PC1/ADC1 4
A2 PD4/T0/XCK
PC2/ADC2 3
A3 ~ PD3/INT1
PC3/ADC3 2
A4 WW2/INT0
PC4/ADC4/SDA 1
A5 TX PD1/TXD
PC5/ADC5/SCL 0
RX PD0/RXD

Arduino UNO R3

Figure 9. Speaker circuit

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3.4. 16x2 LCD Circuit and Ultrasonic Sensor

The media LCD circuit serves to display distance data from the sensor when it detects objects,
using a 16x2 type LCD and using a 1k ohm type resistor connected to an arduino
microcontroller. The sensor that will detect the distance to the obstacle when parking uses the
ultrasonic sensor SRF05, which is integrated on the Arduino pin, pin 7 is connected to the
trigger and pin 6 is connected to the echo on the ultrasonic sensor.

SimPin blogembarcado.blogspot.com SimPin blogembarcado.blogspot.com

SimPin blogembarcado.blogspot.com

US? US?
US1
ULTRASONIC V2 ULTRASONIC V2

Trigger

Trigger
ULTRASONIC V2

echo

echo
Gnd

Gnd
+5V

+5V

Trigger
echo
Gnd
+5V
trigger2

trigger3
LCD1 echo2

trigger
echo3

echo
LM016L

DUINO1
VDD
VEE
VSS

RW

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
RS

10
11
12
13
14
1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9

microcontrolandos.blogspot.com
AREF
13
PB5/SCK
12
PB4/MISO
RESET 11
~PB3/MOSI/OC2A
10
~ PB2/SS/OC1B
9
~ PB1/OC1A
8
PB0/ICP1/CLKO

1121

DIGITAL (~PWM)
7
ANALOG IN

PD7/AIN1

ATMEGA328P-PU
trigger
6
A0
PC0/ADC0
~PD6/AIN0
5
echo
A1 ~ PD5/T1 echo2
PC1/ADC1 4
A2 PD4/T0/XCK trigger2
PC2/ADC2 3
A3 ~ PD3/INT1 echo3
PC3/ADC3 2
A4 WW2/INT0 trigger3
PC4/ADC4/SDA 1
A5 TX PD1/TXD
PC5/ADC5/SCL 0
RX PD0/RXD

Arduino UNO R3

Figure 10. 16x2 LCD Circuit and Ultrasonic Sensor

3.5. Overall Schematic Circuit

The design of the entire series of tools consists of four important elements in order to become
one integrated circuit. These elements are a series ofinput, control circuit, circuit output and
also software programs to be integrated. The circuit consists of electronic components by the
microcontroller so that the data can function properly. The whole series of tools can be seen in
Figure 11.

Figure 11. Overall Schematic Circuit

3.6. Testing Tool

After the prototype car parking controller is implemented, the next step is to test the tool. Tool
testing is carried out to find out whether the planned functions work well or not (Prasetyawan
et al., 2018). The purpose of testing is to find errors in the system so that it can then be repaired
(Rulyana & Borman, 2014). Tool testing is also useful to determine the level of performance of
the function.

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Figure 12. Realization of Car Parking Government Prototype With Human Voice Output

The tests carried out include: testing the power supply circuit, testingsoftware and module SD
card, testing speaker and automated machines, ultrasonic sensors and LCD testing.

3.6.1. Testing the Power Supply Circuit

For the power supply, the tool circuit uses a 9 volt battery which will be converted into a 5 volt
power supply by reducing the voltage using IC 7805. Next, a 5 volt voltage is used to supply the
Arduino microcontroller. SD card and LCDs. As for the speaker voltage, a larger current is used
by taking a current of 9 volts.

Figure 13. Testing Power Supply With Multitester

Furthermore, testing the I/O voltage using a multitester to check the current that has
entered the power supply circuit. The power supply measurement results can be seen in table
2.

Table 2. Power Supply Test Results

Power
9 . battery
Measurement Supply 5 Information
VDC
VDC
0 volts 0 volts Not active/ Standby
Voltage
5 volts 9 volts Active System

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3.6.2. Software and Module TestingSD Card

To reduce errors in testing, it is first implemented in software using software Arduino. In the
implementation results, the Monitor serial communication in the software (software) Arduino.
The first thing to do is connect directly to the hardware (hardware). First the entire circuit is
connected to a voltage source and before communicating or sending data,port settings COM
and board Arduino first, at the testing stage the author uses Port The COM 30 uses an Arduino
Uno board.

Figure 14. SD Card Testing With Serial Monitor Display

3.6.3. TestSpeaker and Automatic Machine

Circuit testing speaker by using a 2n3904 transistor as the sound frequency current on the
speaker. For I/O control onspeaker controlled by an arduino connected to the PWM digital pin (
pulse width modulation) Digital pwm pin is used for frequency control of sound. While the
automatic testing of the machine by using the transistor c8550 functions as a switching circuit
breaker and circuit breakerremote control. the machine automation circuit is controlled by an
arduino microcontroller on digital pin 8. Furthermore, the test is carried out with a multitester
to check the current voltage that enters the circuit. The test of the speaker circuit and the
machine automatic circuit in Figure 15 is as follows.

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Figure 15. Testing a speaker circuit with an output of 9 volts

3.6.4. Ultrasonic Sensor Testing and LCD

Ultrasonic sensor testing using SRF 05, aims to define the distance to be determined when
going to parking mode with the output from the LCD (liquid crystal display) in the form of
distance data from the ultrasonic sensor. The following is a test that has defined the distance
that has been determined in Figure 16.

Figure 16. Testing the distance with output LCD

Detection distance will be displayed on the lcd starting from a distance of 50cm then SD
Card will respond and play a “backward” sound and at a distance of 39cm sd card will play “keep
rewind”. Test table of ultrasonic and SD synchronizationCard can be seen in table 3.

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Table 3. Results of Character Delivery With Serial

5. Conclusion

After the implementation and testing of the PIR sensor as a driver warning tool against
highway crossers, it can be concluded from the test results showing the test results, the sensor
can detect human movement with a maximum distance between the PIR sensor and the object,
which is ± 5 meters. When it detects a human presence, the LED indicator will light up followed
by a notification in the form of a buzzer sounding.

From the research that has been done for future research, it is better to be able to use
a human detection sensor that has a higher sensitivity, not only detecting movement but also
detecting the presence of humans so that if the human is in a stationary state it can still be
detected by the sensor.

References

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